Question:What evidence is given for the primary claim? Select all that apply.

Answer:Experts are cited

Highlight:

Anirudh Kumar, a disaster management official in Patna, the capital of Bihar, a poor state known for its mass migration from rural areas to cities, said this year's farming had collapsed because of the floods, which will lead to a further rise in unemployment in the region.

CredCo Indicator:Inference - Type of Claims

Question:Is a general or singular causal claim made? Highlight the section(s) that supports your answer.

Answer:No Causal Claim

CredCo Indicator:Tone - Exaggerated Claims

Question:Does the author exaggerate any claims? If so, highlight the relevant section(s).

Answer:No

CredCo Indicator:Tone - Emotionally Charged

Question:Does the article have an emotionally charged tone? (i.e, outrage, snark, celebration, horror, etc.). If so, highlight the relevant section(s).

Answer:No

CredCo Indicator:Logical Fallacies - Naturalistic

Question:Does the author suggest that something is good because it is natural, or bad because it is not natural (the naturalistic fallacy)?

Answer:No

CredCo Indicator:Logical Fallacies - Appeal to Fear

Question:Does the author exaggerate the dangers of a situation and use scare tactics to persuade (the appeal to fear fallacy)?

Answer:No

CredCo Indicator:Logical Fallacies - Slippery Slope

Question:Does the author say that one small change will lead to a major change (use a slippery slope argument)? Highlight the relevant section(s).

Answer:No

CredCo Indicator:Logical Fallacies - False Dilemma

Question:Does the author present a complicated choice as if it were binary (construct a false dilemma)? If so, highlight the relevant section(s).

Answer:No

CredCo Indicator:Logical Fallacies - Straw Man

Question:Does the author present the counterargument as a weaker, more foolish version of the real counterargument (use a Straw Man Argument)? If so, highlight the relevant section(s).

Answer:No

CredCo Indicator:Confidence - Acknowledge Uncertainty

Question:Do they acknowledge uncertainty or the possibility that things might be otherwise? If so, highlight the relevant section(s).

Answer:No

CredCo Indicator:Confidence - Extent Claims Justified

Question:To what extent does their confidence in their claims seem justified?

Answer:Mostly justified

CredCo Indicator:Citation of Organizations

Question:Highlight each organization cited:

Answer:Cited Organization 3

Highlight:

Red Cross,

CredCo Indicator:Citation of Organizations

Question:Highlight each organization cited:

Answer:Cited Organization 2

Highlight:

UN

CredCo Indicator:Citation of Organizations

Question:Highlight each organization cited:

Answer:Cited Organization 1

Highlight:

Straits Times

CredCo Indicator:Quotes from Outside Experts

Question:Highlight each expert cited:

Answer:Expert 2

Highlight:

Matthew Marek, the head of disaster response in Bangladesh for the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent.

CredCo Indicator:Quotes from Outside Experts

Question:Highlight each expert cited:

Answer:Expert 1

Highlight:

Anirudh Kumar, a disaster management official in Patna,

Question:Which of the following types of sources are cited in the article? Check all that apply. If Other, please highlight.

Answer:Organizations

Question:Which of the following types of sources are cited in the article? Check all that apply. If Other, please highlight.

Answer:Experts

CredCo Indicator:Single Study Article

Question:Is this article primarily about a single scientific study?

Answer:No

CredCo Indicator:Clickbait Title

Question:Is the headline clickbaity?

Answer:Not at all clickbaity

CredCo Indicator:Title Representativeness

Question:Question: Does the title of the article accurately reflect the content of the article?

Answer:Completely Representative

Question:Rate your impression of the credibility of this article

Answer:Somewhat high credibility

CredCo Indicator:Inference - Convincing Evidence

Question:How convincing do you find the evidence given for the primary claim?

Answer:Fairly Convincing

Question:What kind of evidence do they give?

Answer:Facts about the effects of the monsoon are given, as well as predictions of long term consequences of those effects.

Highlight:

The huge amount of water being dumped on the region has exacted a deadly toll, with 1,200 people known to have died

Question:What kind of evidence do they give?

Answer:Facts about the effects of the monsoon are given, as well as predictions of long term consequences of those effects.

Highlight:

so far, while over 40 million have been displaced. The damage done to the infrastructure and agricultural lands is also expected to impact South Asia long after the flood waters have receded.

Question:What kind of evidence do they give?

Answer:Facts about the effects of the monsoon are given, as well as predictions of long term consequences of those effects.

Highlight:

This has not only led to the obviously rising waters, but also fatal landslides in Nepal, destruction of entire villages in Bangladesh, and buildings collapsing in India.

Question:What kind of evidence do they give?

Answer:Facts about the effects of the monsoon are given, as well as predictions of long term consequences of those effects.

Highlight:

In addition to this, it is thought that some 440,000 hectares (1,000,000 acres) of agricultural land has been washed away, and as the flood arrived at the beginning of the planting season, it will severely limit many peoples' access to food over the coming weeks and months.

Question:What kind of evidence do they give?

Answer:Facts about the effects of the monsoon are given, as well as predictions of long term consequences of those effects.

Highlight:

But more than just in the short term, the extreme flooding could have ripples further down the line. So far 18,000 schools have had to be shut [HYPERLINK: https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/aug/31/south-asia-floods-fears-death-toll-rise-india-pakistan-mumbai-building-collapses], meaning that 1.8 million children are no longer getting an education.

Question:What evidence is given for the primary claim? Select all that apply.

Answer:Other kind of evidence

Highlight:

But more than just in the short term, the extreme flooding could have ripples further down the line. So far 18,000 schools have had to be shut [HYPERLINK: https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/aug/31/south-asia-floods-fears-death-toll-rise-india-pakistan-mumbai-building-collapses], meaning that 1.8 million children are no longer getting an education.

Question:What evidence is given for the primary claim? Select all that apply.

Answer:Other kind of evidence

Highlight:

In addition to this, it is thought that some 440,000 hectares (1,000,000 acres) of agricultural land has been washed away, and as the flood arrived at the beginning of the planting season, it will severely limit many peoples' access to food over the coming weeks and months.

Question:What evidence is given for the primary claim? Select all that apply.

Answer:Other kind of evidence

Highlight:

This has not only led to the obviously rising waters, but also fatal landslides in Nepal, destruction of entire villages in Bangladesh, and buildings collapsing in India.

Question:What evidence is given for the primary claim? Select all that apply.

Answer:Other kind of evidence

Highlight:

The damage done to the infrastructure and agricultural lands is also expected to impact South Asia long after the flood waters have receded.

Question:What evidence is given for the primary claim? Select all that apply.

Answer:Other kind of evidence

Highlight:

so far, while over 40 million have been displaced.

Question:What evidence is given for the primary claim? Select all that apply.

Answer:Other kind of evidence

Highlight:

The huge amount of water being dumped on the region has exacted a deadly toll, with 1,200 people known to have died

Question:What evidence is given for the primary claim? Select all that apply.

Answer:Experts are cited

Highlight:

“Even though flood waters are receding in some parts, it provides little respite,” said [HYPERLINK: https://blogs.savethechildren.org.uk/2017/08/millions-across-south-asia-hit-by-worst-floods-in-a-decade/] Thomas Chandy, the CEO of Save the Children, who are working in the region. “The mammoth recovery operation is only just beginning. The challenge now is to prevent potential outbreaks of disease like cholera or diarrhea.”

CredCo Indicator:Inference - Type of Claims

Question:Is a general or singular causal claim made? Highlight the section(s) that supports your answer.

Answer:No Causal Claim

CredCo Indicator:Tone - Exaggerated Claims

Question:Does the author exaggerate any claims? If so, highlight the relevant section(s).

Answer:No

CredCo Indicator:Tone - Emotionally Charged

Question:Does the article have an emotionally charged tone? (i.e, outrage, snark, celebration, horror, etc.). If so, highlight the relevant section(s).

Answer:No

CredCo Indicator:Logical Fallacies - Naturalistic

Question:Does the author suggest that something is good because it is natural, or bad because it is not natural (the naturalistic fallacy)?

Answer:No

CredCo Indicator:Logical Fallacies - Appeal to Fear

Question:Does the author exaggerate the dangers of a situation and use scare tactics to persuade (the appeal to fear fallacy)?

Answer:No

CredCo Indicator:Logical Fallacies - Slippery Slope

Question:Does the author say that one small change will lead to a major change (use a slippery slope argument)? Highlight the relevant section(s).

Answer:No

CredCo Indicator:Logical Fallacies - False Dilemma

Question:Does the author present a complicated choice as if it were binary (construct a false dilemma)? If so, highlight the relevant section(s).

Answer:No

CredCo Indicator:Logical Fallacies - Straw Man

Question:Does the author present the counterargument as a weaker, more foolish version of the real counterargument (use a Straw Man Argument)? If so, highlight the relevant section(s).

Answer:No

CredCo Indicator:Confidence - Acknowledge Uncertainty

Question:Do they acknowledge uncertainty or the possibility that things might be otherwise? If so, highlight the relevant section(s).

Answer:No

CredCo Indicator:Confidence - Extent Claims Justified

Question:To what extent does their confidence in their claims seem justified?

Answer:Mostly justified

CredCo Indicator:Citation of Organizations

Question:Highlight each organization cited:

Answer:Cited Organization 4

Highlight:

https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/aug/31/south-asia-floods-fears-death-toll-rise-india-pakistan-mumbai-building-collapses],

CredCo Indicator:Citation of Organizations

Question:Highlight each organization cited:

Answer:Cited Organization 3

Highlight:

https://blogs.savethechildren.org.uk/2017/08/millions-across-south-asia-hit-by-worst-floods-in-a-decade/]

CredCo Indicator:Citation of Organizations

Question:Highlight each organization cited:

Answer:Cited Organization 2

Highlight:

https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/aug/30/mumbai-paralysed-by-floods-as-india-and-region-hit-by-worst-monsoon-rains-in-years]

CredCo Indicator:Citation of Organizations

Question:Highlight each organization cited:

Answer:Cited Organization 1

Highlight:

https://www.independent.co.uk/voices/houston-texas-floods-storm-harvey-south-east-asia-wont-hear-a7920381.html].

CredCo Indicator:Quotes from Outside Experts

Question:Highlight each expert cited:

Answer:Expert 1

Highlight:

Thomas Chandy, the CEO of Save the Children, who are working in the region.

Question:Which of the following types of sources are cited in the article? Check all that apply. If Other, please highlight.

Answer:Experts

Question:Which of the following types of sources are cited in the article? Check all that apply. If Other, please highlight.

Answer:Organizations

CredCo Indicator:Single Study Article

Question:Is this article primarily about a single scientific study?

Answer:No

CredCo Indicator:Clickbait Title

Question:What clickbait techniques does this headline employ (select all that apply)?

Answer:Provoking emotions, such as shock or surprise (“...Shocking Result”, “...Leave You in Tears”)

Highlight:

Extreme Flooding

CredCo Indicator:Clickbait Title

Question:What clickbait techniques does this headline employ (select all that apply)?

Answer:Provoking emotions, such as shock or surprise (“...Shocking Result”, “...Leave You in Tears”)

Highlight:

Has Killed 1,200 People So Far

CredCo Indicator:Clickbait Title

Question:Is the headline clickbaity?

Answer:A little bit clickbaity

CredCo Indicator:Title Representativeness

Question:Question: Does the title of the article accurately reflect the content of the article?

Answer:Somewhat Representative

Question:Rate your impression of the credibility of this article

Answer:Somewhat high credibility

CredCo Indicator:Inference - Convincing Evidence

Question:How convincing do you find the evidence given for the primary claim?

Answer:Moderately Convincing

Question:What kind of evidence do they give?

Answer:It uses witness statements and observations from videos. It then uses logic and practicality to question the idea that there was a lone shooter.

Highlight:

multiple witnesses are openly reporting the presence of multiple shooters.

Question:What kind of evidence do they give?

Answer:It uses witness statements and observations from videos. It then uses logic and practicality to question the idea that there was a lone shooter.

Highlight:

If this shooting was carried out by multiple shooters, it would obviously indicate planning and coordination among a group of people who sought to carry out the shooting for a political purpose of some kind.

Question:What kind of evidence do they give?

Answer:It uses witness statements and observations from videos. It then uses logic and practicality to question the idea that there was a lone shooter.

Highlight:

One woman, who was at the Route 91 music event, claimed an unidentified woman had told other concert-goers they were “all going to die” after pushing her way to the front of the venue.

Question:What kind of evidence do they give?

Answer:It uses witness statements and observations from videos. It then uses logic and practicality to question the idea that there was a lone shooter.

Highlight:

It’s clear that neither of these two people were the shooter, as the shooter is a much taller Caucasian man. Thus, this is not a “lone gunman” massacre. There was coordination.

Question:What kind of evidence do they give?

Answer:It uses witness statements and observations from videos. It then uses logic and practicality to question the idea that there was a lone shooter.

Highlight:

The multitude of videos that captured the event clearly indicate that at least one shooter was running a full auto weapons system. Such weapons are almost impossible for “civilians” to acquire.

Question:What kind of evidence do they give?

Answer:It uses witness statements and observations from videos. It then uses logic and practicality to question the idea that there was a lone shooter.

Highlight:

Numerous reports from witnesses who were on the scene reveal that nearly all the exits were blocked.

Question:What kind of evidence do they give?

Answer:It uses witness statements and observations from videos. It then uses logic and practicality to question the idea that there was a lone shooter.

Highlight:

According to news reports, the shooter — identified as Stephen Paddock — had as many as 10 firearms in his room, including several rifles. If he was the only shooter, what’s the point of having so many rifles?

Question:What kind of evidence do they give?

Answer:It uses witness statements and observations from videos. It then uses logic and practicality to question the idea that there was a lone shooter.

Highlight:

I find the idea that a lone, elderly man would carry so many rifles to a hotel room for no practical reason to be highly suspicious. It makes no sense at all.

Question:What evidence is given for the primary claim? Select all that apply.

Answer:Other kind of evidence

Highlight:

I find the idea that a lone, elderly man would carry so many rifles to a hotel room for no practical reason to be highly suspicious. It makes no sense at all.

Question:What evidence is given for the primary claim? Select all that apply.

Answer:Other kind of evidence

Highlight:

According to news reports, the shooter — identified as Stephen Paddock — had as many as 10 firearms in his room, including several rifles. If he was the only shooter, what’s the point of having so many rifles?

Question:What evidence is given for the primary claim? Select all that apply.

Answer:Other kind of evidence

Highlight:

Numerous reports from witnesses who were on the scene reveal that nearly all the exits were blocked.

Question:What evidence is given for the primary claim? Select all that apply.

Answer:Other kind of evidence

Highlight:

The multitude of videos that captured the event clearly indicate that at least one shooter was running a full auto weapons system. Such weapons are almost impossible for “civilians” to acquire.

Question:What evidence is given for the primary claim? Select all that apply.

Answer:Other kind of evidence

Highlight:

It’s clear that neither of these two people were the shooter, as the shooter is a much taller Caucasian man. Thus, this is not a “lone gunman” massacre. There was coordination.

Question:What evidence is given for the primary claim? Select all that apply.

Answer:Other kind of evidence

Highlight:

One woman, who was at the Route 91 music event, claimed an unidentified woman had told other concert-goers they were “all going to die” after pushing her way to the front of the venue.

Question:What evidence is given for the primary claim? Select all that apply.

Answer:Other kind of evidence

Highlight:

If this shooting was carried out by multiple shooters, it would obviously indicate planning and coordination among a group of people who sought to carry out the shooting for a political purpose of some kind.

Question:What evidence is given for the primary claim? Select all that apply.

Answer:Other kind of evidence

Highlight:

multiple witnesses are openly reporting the presence of multiple shooters.

CredCo Indicator:Inference - Type of Claims

Question:Is a general or singular causal claim made? Highlight the section(s) that supports your answer.

Answer:No Causal Claim

CredCo Indicator:Tone - Exaggerated Claims

Question:Does the author exaggerate any claims? If so, highlight the relevant section(s).

Answer:No

CredCo Indicator:Tone - Emotionally Charged

Question:Does the article have an emotionally charged tone? (i.e, outrage, snark, celebration, horror, etc.). If so, highlight the relevant section(s).

Answer:Sort of

Highlight:

It makes no sense at all.

CredCo Indicator:Tone - Emotionally Charged

Question:Does the article have an emotionally charged tone? (i.e, outrage, snark, celebration, horror, etc.). If so, highlight the relevant section(s).

Answer:Sort of

Highlight:

it would obviously indicate

CredCo Indicator:Logical Fallacies - Naturalistic

Question:Does the author suggest that something is good because it is natural, or bad because it is not natural (the naturalistic fallacy)?

Answer:No

CredCo Indicator:Logical Fallacies - Appeal to Fear

Question:Does the author exaggerate the dangers of a situation and use scare tactics to persuade (the appeal to fear fallacy)?

Answer:No

CredCo Indicator:Logical Fallacies - Slippery Slope

Question:Does the author say that one small change will lead to a major change (use a slippery slope argument)? Highlight the relevant section(s).

Answer:No

CredCo Indicator:Logical Fallacies - False Dilemma

Question:Does the author present a complicated choice as if it were binary (construct a false dilemma)? If so, highlight the relevant section(s).

Answer:No

CredCo Indicator:Logical Fallacies - Straw Man

Question:Does the author present the counterargument as a weaker, more foolish version of the real counterargument (use a Straw Man Argument)? If so, highlight the relevant section(s).

Answer:No

CredCo Indicator:Confidence - Acknowledge Uncertainty

Question:Do they acknowledge uncertainty or the possibility that things might be otherwise? If so, highlight the relevant section(s).

Answer:Sort of

Highlight:

Although some pre-1986 full auto weapons are available for sale, they require extensive ATF documentation, background checks and extremely long wait periods approaching one year. Plus, they tend to cost $25,000 or more, and they’re extremely rare.

CredCo Indicator:Confidence - Acknowledge Uncertainty

Question:Do they acknowledge uncertainty or the possibility that things might be otherwise? If so, highlight the relevant section(s).

Answer:Sort of

Highlight:

This could reasonably be the result of confusion and chaos,

CredCo Indicator:Confidence - Extent Claims Justified

Question:To what extent does their confidence in their claims seem justified?

Answer:Somewhat justified

CredCo Indicator:Citation of Organizations

Question:Highlight each organization cited:

Answer:Cited Organization 4

Highlight:

Fox News,

CredCo Indicator:Citation of Organizations

Question:Highlight each organization cited:

Answer:Cited Organization 3

Highlight:

Clark County Sheriff in Vegas,

CredCo Indicator:Citation of Organizations

Question:Highlight each organization cited:

Answer:Cited Organization 2

Highlight:

UK Express:

CredCo Indicator:Citation of Organizations

Question:Highlight each organization cited:

Answer:Cited Organization 1

Highlight:

law enforcement

Question:Which of the following types of sources are cited in the article? Check all that apply. If Other, please highlight.

Answer:Other

Highlight:

caller named Russell Bleck, who survived the shooting,

Question:Which of the following types of sources are cited in the article? Check all that apply. If Other, please highlight.

Answer:Other

Highlight:

Numerous reports from witnesses

Question:Which of the following types of sources are cited in the article? Check all that apply. If Other, please highlight.

Answer:Other

Highlight:

multitude of videos that captured the event

Question:Which of the following types of sources are cited in the article? Check all that apply. If Other, please highlight.

Answer:Other

Highlight:

multiple witnesses are openly reporting the presence of multiple shooters.

Question:Which of the following types of sources are cited in the article? Check all that apply. If Other, please highlight.

Answer:Other

Highlight:

unnamed witness, who was attending the event on her 21st birthday,

Question:Which of the following types of sources are cited in the article? Check all that apply. If Other, please highlight.

Answer:Organizations

CredCo Indicator:Single Study Article

Question:Is this article primarily about a single scientific study?

Answer:No

CredCo Indicator:Clickbait Title

Question:What clickbait techniques does this headline employ (select all that apply)?

Answer:Hidden secret or trick (“Fitness Companies Hate Him...”, “Experts are Dying to Know Their Secret”)

Highlight:

just don’t add up about the Las Vegas mass shooting

CredCo Indicator:Clickbait Title

Question:What clickbait techniques does this headline employ (select all that apply)?

Answer:Listicle (“6 Tips on …”)

Highlight:

Five things

CredCo Indicator:Clickbait Title

Question:Is the headline clickbaity?

Answer:Very much clickbaity

CredCo Indicator:Title Representativeness

Question:Question: Does the title of the article accurately reflect the content of the article?

Answer:Completely Representative

Question:Rate your impression of the credibility of this article

Answer:Medium credibility

CredCo Indicator:Inference - Convincing Evidence

Question:How convincing do you find the evidence given for the primary claim?

Answer:Not at All Convincing

Question:What evidence is given for the primary claim? Select all that apply.

Answer:No evidence given

CredCo Indicator:Inference - Type of Claims

Question:Is a general or singular causal claim made? Highlight the section(s) that supports your answer.

Answer:No Causal Claim

CredCo Indicator:Tone - Exaggerated Claims

Question:Does the author exaggerate any claims? If so, highlight the relevant section(s).

Answer:No

CredCo Indicator:Tone - Emotionally Charged

Question:Does the article have an emotionally charged tone? (i.e, outrage, snark, celebration, horror, etc.). If so, highlight the relevant section(s).

Answer:Yes

Highlight:

hypocrites!"

CredCo Indicator:Tone - Emotionally Charged

Question:Does the article have an emotionally charged tone? (i.e, outrage, snark, celebration, horror, etc.). If so, highlight the relevant section(s).

Answer:Yes

Highlight:

Send the Republicans a message. Tell them "Repeal your own government-subsidized health care first,

CredCo Indicator:Tone - Emotionally Charged

Question:Does the article have an emotionally charged tone? (i.e, outrage, snark, celebration, horror, etc.). If so, highlight the relevant section(s).

Answer:Yes

Highlight:

So they want to take away health care from millions, but still keep their own sweetheart deal? No way.

CredCo Indicator:Logical Fallacies - Naturalistic

Question:Does the author suggest that something is good because it is natural, or bad because it is not natural (the naturalistic fallacy)?

Answer:No

CredCo Indicator:Logical Fallacies - Appeal to Fear

Question:Does the author exaggerate the dangers of a situation and use scare tactics to persuade (the appeal to fear fallacy)?

Answer:No

CredCo Indicator:Logical Fallacies - Slippery Slope

Question:Does the author say that one small change will lead to a major change (use a slippery slope argument)? Highlight the relevant section(s).

Answer:No

CredCo Indicator:Logical Fallacies - False Dilemma

Question:Does the author present a complicated choice as if it were binary (construct a false dilemma)? If so, highlight the relevant section(s).

Answer:No

CredCo Indicator:Logical Fallacies - Straw Man

Question:Does the author present the counterargument as a weaker, more foolish version of the real counterargument (use a Straw Man Argument)? If so, highlight the relevant section(s).

Answer:No

CredCo Indicator:Confidence - Acknowledge Uncertainty

Question:Do they acknowledge uncertainty or the possibility that things might be otherwise? If so, highlight the relevant section(s).

Answer:No

CredCo Indicator:Confidence - Extent Claims Justified

Question:To what extent does their confidence in their claims seem justified?

Answer:Not at all justified

Question:Which of the following types of sources are cited in the article? Check all that apply. If Other, please highlight.

Answer:None

CredCo Indicator:Single Study Article

Question:Is this article primarily about a single scientific study?

Answer:No

CredCo Indicator:Clickbait Title

Question:What clickbait techniques does this headline employ (select all that apply)?

Answer:Provoking emotions, such as shock or surprise (“...Shocking Result”, “...Leave You in Tears”)

Highlight:

hypocrites!

CredCo Indicator:Clickbait Title

Question:Is the headline clickbaity?

Answer:Somewhat clickbaity

CredCo Indicator:Title Representativeness

Question:Question: Does the title of the article accurately reflect the content of the article?

Answer:Somewhat Representative

Question:Rate your impression of the credibility of this article

Answer:Very low credibility

CredCo Indicator:Inference - Convincing Evidence

Question:How convincing do you find the evidence given for the primary claim?

Answer:Fairly Convincing

Question:What evidence is given for the primary claim? Select all that apply.

Answer:No evidence given

CredCo Indicator:Inference - Type of Claims

Question:Is a general or singular causal claim made? Highlight the section(s) that supports your answer.

Answer:No Causal Claim

CredCo Indicator:Tone - Exaggerated Claims

Question:Does the author exaggerate any claims? If so, highlight the relevant section(s).

Answer:No

CredCo Indicator:Tone - Emotionally Charged

Question:Does the article have an emotionally charged tone? (i.e, outrage, snark, celebration, horror, etc.). If so, highlight the relevant section(s).

Answer:No

CredCo Indicator:Logical Fallacies - Naturalistic

Question:Does the author suggest that something is good because it is natural, or bad because it is not natural (the naturalistic fallacy)?

Answer:No

CredCo Indicator:Logical Fallacies - Appeal to Fear

Question:Does the author exaggerate the dangers of a situation and use scare tactics to persuade (the appeal to fear fallacy)?

Answer:No

CredCo Indicator:Logical Fallacies - Slippery Slope

Question:Does the author say that one small change will lead to a major change (use a slippery slope argument)? Highlight the relevant section(s).

Answer:No

CredCo Indicator:Logical Fallacies - False Dilemma

Question:Does the author present a complicated choice as if it were binary (construct a false dilemma)? If so, highlight the relevant section(s).

Answer:No

CredCo Indicator:Logical Fallacies - Straw Man

Question:Does the author present the counterargument as a weaker, more foolish version of the real counterargument (use a Straw Man Argument)? If so, highlight the relevant section(s).

Answer:No

CredCo Indicator:Confidence - Acknowledge Uncertainty

Question:Do they acknowledge uncertainty or the possibility that things might be otherwise? If so, highlight the relevant section(s).

Answer:No

CredCo Indicator:Confidence - Extent Claims Justified

Question:To what extent does their confidence in their claims seem justified?

Answer:Mostly justified

CredCo Indicator:Quotes from Outside Experts

Question:Highlight each expert cited:

Answer:Expert 3

Highlight:

Åsmund Asdal at the Nordic Genetic Resource Centre, which operates the seed vault.

CredCo Indicator:Quotes from Outside Experts

Question:Highlight each expert cited:

Answer:Expert 2

Highlight:

Ketil Isaksen, from Norway’s Meteorological Institute.

CredCo Indicator:Quotes from Outside Experts

Question:Highlight each expert cited:

Answer:Expert 1

Highlight:

Hege Njaa Aschim, from the Norwegian government,

Question:Which of the following types of sources are cited in the article? Check all that apply. If Other, please highlight.

Answer:Experts

CredCo Indicator:Single Study Article

Question:Is this article primarily about a single scientific study?

Answer:No

CredCo Indicator:Clickbait Title

Question:Is the headline clickbaity?

Answer:Not at all clickbaity

CredCo Indicator:Title Representativeness

Question:Question: Does the title of the article accurately reflect the content of the article?

Answer:Somewhat Representative

Question:Rate your impression of the credibility of this article

Answer:Somewhat high credibility

CredCo Indicator:Inference - Convincing Evidence

Question:How convincing do you find the evidence given for the primary claim?

Answer:Moderately Convincing

Question:What evidence is given for the primary claim? Select all that apply.

Answer:An experimental study was conducted (natural experiments OK)

Highlight:

So researchers at the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minn., recently conducted an experiment on the cells of 72 healthy but sedentary men and women who were 30 or younger or older than 64. After baseline measures were established for their aerobic fitness, their blood-sugar levels and the gene activity and mitochondrial health in their muscle cells, the volunteers were randomly assigned to a particular exercise regimen.

Question:What evidence is given for the primary claim? Select all that apply.

Answer:Correlation

Highlight:

the subjects who did the interval workouts showed increases in the number and health of their mitochondria

CredCo Indicator:Inference - Type of Claims

Question:Is a general or singular causal claim made? Highlight the section(s) that supports your answer.

Answer:General Causal Claim

Highlight:

the subjects who did the interval workouts showed increases in the number and health of their mitochondria

CredCo Indicator:Tone - Exaggerated Claims

Question:Does the author exaggerate any claims? If so, highlight the relevant section(s).

Answer:No

CredCo Indicator:Tone - Emotionally Charged

Question:Does the article have an emotionally charged tone? (i.e, outrage, snark, celebration, horror, etc.). If so, highlight the relevant section(s).

Answer:No

CredCo Indicator:Logical Fallacies - Naturalistic

Question:Does the author suggest that something is good because it is natural, or bad because it is not natural (the naturalistic fallacy)?

Answer:No

CredCo Indicator:Logical Fallacies - Appeal to Fear

Question:Does the author exaggerate the dangers of a situation and use scare tactics to persuade (the appeal to fear fallacy)?

Answer:No

CredCo Indicator:Logical Fallacies - Slippery Slope

Question:Does the author say that one small change will lead to a major change (use a slippery slope argument)? Highlight the relevant section(s).

Answer:No

CredCo Indicator:Logical Fallacies - False Dilemma

Question:Does the author present a complicated choice as if it were binary (construct a false dilemma)? If so, highlight the relevant section(s).

Answer:No

CredCo Indicator:Logical Fallacies - Straw Man

Question:Does the author present the counterargument as a weaker, more foolish version of the real counterargument (use a Straw Man Argument)? If so, highlight the relevant section(s).

Answer:No

CredCo Indicator:Confidence - Acknowledge Uncertainty

Question:Do they acknowledge uncertainty or the possibility that things might be otherwise? If so, highlight the relevant section(s).

Answer:Sort of

Highlight:

Many of these affected genes, especially in the cells of the interval trainers, are believed to influence the ability of mitochondria to produce energy for muscle cells;

CredCo Indicator:Confidence - Extent Claims Justified

Question:To what extent does their confidence in their claims seem justified?

Answer:Mostly justified

Question:Are any experts, organizations, or studies cited that are separate from the central study quoted in the article? If so, highlight relevant section(s).

Answer:None

CredCo Indicator:Citation of Studies

Question:Highlight each scientific study cited:

Answer:Scientific Study 1

Highlight:

So researchers at the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minn., recently conducted an experiment on the cells of 72 healthy but sedentary men and women who were 30 or younger or older than 64. After baseline measures were established for their aerobic fitness, their blood-sugar levels and the gene activity and mitochondrial health in their muscle cells, the volunteers were randomly assigned to a particular exercise regimen.

CredCo Indicator:Quotes from Outside Experts

Question:Highlight each expert cited:

Answer:Expert 1

Highlight:

Dr. Sreekumaran Nair, a professor of medicine and an endocrinologist at the Mayo Clinic and the study’s senior author.

Question:Which of the following types of sources are cited in the article? Check all that apply. If Other, please highlight.

Answer:Studies

Question:Which of the following types of sources are cited in the article? Check all that apply. If Other, please highlight.

Answer:Experts

CredCo Indicator:Single Study Article

Question:Is this article primarily about a single scientific study?

Answer:Yes

Highlight:

So researchers at the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minn., recently conducted an experiment on the cells of 72 healthy but sedentary men and women who were 30 or younger or older than 64. After baseline measures were established for their aerobic fitness, their blood-sugar levels and the gene activity and mitochondrial health in their muscle cells, the volunteers were randomly assigned to a particular exercise regimen.

CredCo Indicator:Clickbait Title

Question:What clickbait techniques does this headline employ (select all that apply)?

Answer:Hidden secret or trick (“Fitness Companies Hate Him...”, “Experts are Dying to Know Their Secret”)

Highlight:

The Best Exercise

CredCo Indicator:Clickbait Title

Question:Is the headline clickbaity?

Answer:A little bit clickbaity

CredCo Indicator:Title Representativeness

Question:Question: Does the title of the article accurately reflect the content of the article?

Answer:Completely Representative

Question:Rate your impression of the credibility of this article

Answer:Medium credibility

CredCo Indicator:Inference - Convincing Evidence

Question:How convincing do you find the evidence given for the primary claim?

Answer:Fairly Convincing

Question:What evidence is given for the primary claim? Select all that apply.

Answer:An experimental study was conducted (natural experiments OK)

Highlight:

Many other studies have also confirmed the link between smoking and Alzheimer’s

Question:What evidence is given for the primary claim? Select all that apply.

Answer:An experimental study was conducted (natural experiments OK)

Highlight:

In one study, researchers at the Cleveland Clinic in Ohio recruited almost 100 older men and women, aged 65 to 89, some of whom had a family history of Alzheimer’s disease. Half of these participants carried the carried the e4 gene, which substantially increased their risk of developing the disease (9).

Question:What evidence is given for the primary claim? Select all that apply.

Answer:An experimental study was conducted (natural experiments OK)

Highlight:

The e4-positive group who did not exercise underwent significant atrophy of their hippocampus in as little as 18 months. In fact, the cerebral structure had shrunk by 3% on average. The e4 group that exercised experienced no change in their hippocampus and neither did the e4-negative groups.

Question:What evidence is given for the primary claim? Select all that apply.

Answer:An experimental study was conducted (natural experiments OK)

Highlight:

In fact, in a 6-year study examining 1,600 seniors, found that vitamin D deficiency was linked to Alzheimer’s Disease.

Question:What evidence is given for the primary claim? Select all that apply.

Answer:An experimental study was conducted (natural experiments OK)

Highlight:

In fact, a Canadian study found that being bilingual supports cognitive function and even delays the onset of dementia in patients with probable Alzheimer’s Disease by 4 years on average.

Question:What evidence is given for the primary claim? Select all that apply.

Answer:Correlation

Highlight:

In fact, in a 6-year study examining 1,600 seniors, found that vitamin D deficiency was linked to Alzheimer’s Disease.

Question:What evidence is given for the primary claim? Select all that apply.

Answer:Correlation

Highlight:

Many other studies have also confirmed the link between smoking and Alzheimer’s

Question:What evidence is given for the primary claim? Select all that apply.

Answer:Correlation

Highlight:

Also, raised homocysteine levels actually initiate cognitive impairment and poor brain performance, increase your risk of dementia, and boost brain shrinkage (10).

Question:What evidence is given for the primary claim? Select all that apply.

Answer:Correlation

Highlight:

Thiamine deficiency is linked to Korsakoff Syndrome, a chronic memory disorder part of the dementia umbrella (11).

Question:What evidence is given for the primary claim? Select all that apply.

Answer:Correlation

Highlight:

“…those who were severely deficient in vitamin D were more than twice as likely to develop Alzheimer’s and dementia than those who had adequate levels,” writes Alzheimer’s.net on the study (12).

Question:What evidence is given for the primary claim? Select all that apply.

Answer:Correlation

Highlight:

Some head injuries can actually increase your risk of developing dementia later in life, especially if it causes 30 minutes to 24 hours of unconsciousness after initial injury (14).

Question:What evidence is given for the primary claim? Select all that apply.

Answer:Correlation

Highlight:

Your risk of Alzheimer’s disease and vascular dementia also go up with excessive drinking (16).

Question:What evidence is given for the primary claim? Select all that apply.

Answer:Correlation

Highlight:

“Feeling lonely rather than being alone is associated with an increased risk of clinical dementia in later life and can be considered a major risk factor that, independently of vascular disease, depression, and other confounding factors,”

CredCo Indicator:Inference - Type of Claims

Question:Is a general or singular causal claim made? Highlight the section(s) that supports your answer.

Answer:General Causal Claim

Highlight:

“Feeling lonely rather than being alone is associated with an increased risk of clinical dementia in later life and can be considered a major risk factor that, independently of vascular disease, depression, and other confounding factors,”

CredCo Indicator:Inference - Type of Claims

Question:Is a general or singular causal claim made? Highlight the section(s) that supports your answer.

Answer:General Causal Claim

Highlight:

Alcohol-related brain damage, caused by years of alcohol abuse can contribute towards Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome and alcoholic dementia,

CredCo Indicator:Inference - Type of Claims

Question:Is a general or singular causal claim made? Highlight the section(s) that supports your answer.

Answer:General Causal Claim

Highlight:

Some head injuries can actually increase your risk of developing dementia later in life, especially if it causes 30 minutes to 24 hours of unconsciousness after initial injury (14).

CredCo Indicator:Inference - Type of Claims

Question:Is a general or singular causal claim made? Highlight the section(s) that supports your answer.

Answer:General Causal Claim

Highlight:

In fact, a Canadian study found that being bilingual supports cognitive function and even delays the onset of dementia in patients with probable Alzheimer’s Disease by 4 years on average.

CredCo Indicator:Inference - Type of Claims

Question:Is a general or singular causal claim made? Highlight the section(s) that supports your answer.

Answer:General Causal Claim

Highlight:

In fact, in a 6-year study examining 1,600 seniors, found that vitamin D deficiency was linked to Alzheimer’s Disease.

CredCo Indicator:Inference - Type of Claims

Question:Is a general or singular causal claim made? Highlight the section(s) that supports your answer.

Answer:General Causal Claim

Highlight:

Also, raised homocysteine levels actually initiate cognitive impairment and poor brain performance, increase your risk of dementia, and boost brain shrinkage (10).

CredCo Indicator:Inference - Type of Claims

Question:Is a general or singular causal claim made? Highlight the section(s) that supports your answer.

Answer:General Causal Claim

Highlight:

The e4-positive group who did not exercise underwent significant atrophy of their hippocampus in as little as 18 months. In fact, the cerebral structure had shrunk by 3% on average. The e4 group that exercised experienced no change in their hippocampus and neither did the e4-negative groups.

CredCo Indicator:Inference - Type of Claims

Question:Is a general or singular causal claim made? Highlight the section(s) that supports your answer.

Answer:General Causal Claim

Highlight:

Many other studies have also confirmed the link between smoking and Alzheimer’s

CredCo Indicator:Tone - Exaggerated Claims

Question:Does the author exaggerate any claims? If so, highlight the relevant section(s).

Answer:No

CredCo Indicator:Tone - Emotionally Charged

Question:Does the article have an emotionally charged tone? (i.e, outrage, snark, celebration, horror, etc.). If so, highlight the relevant section(s).

Answer:No

CredCo Indicator:Logical Fallacies - Naturalistic

Question:Does the author suggest that something is good because it is natural, or bad because it is not natural (the naturalistic fallacy)?

Answer:No

CredCo Indicator:Logical Fallacies - Appeal to Fear

Question:Does the author exaggerate the dangers of a situation and use scare tactics to persuade (the appeal to fear fallacy)?

Answer:No

CredCo Indicator:Logical Fallacies - Slippery Slope

Question:Does the author say that one small change will lead to a major change (use a slippery slope argument)? Highlight the relevant section(s).

Answer:Sort of

Highlight:

Preventing Alzheimer’s is straightforward, you just have to put in the work!

CredCo Indicator:Logical Fallacies - False Dilemma

Question:Does the author present a complicated choice as if it were binary (construct a false dilemma)? If so, highlight the relevant section(s).

Answer:No

CredCo Indicator:Logical Fallacies - Straw Man

Question:Does the author present the counterargument as a weaker, more foolish version of the real counterargument (use a Straw Man Argument)? If so, highlight the relevant section(s).

Answer:No

CredCo Indicator:Confidence - Acknowledge Uncertainty

Question:Do they acknowledge uncertainty or the possibility that things might be otherwise? If so, highlight the relevant section(s).

Answer:No

CredCo Indicator:Confidence - Extent Claims Justified

Question:To what extent does their confidence in their claims seem justified?

Answer:Mostly justified

CredCo Indicator:Citation of Studies

Question:Highlight each scientific study cited:

Answer:Scientific Study 4

Highlight:

Researchers at Duke University Medical Center in Durham, North Carolina examined 548 veterans with a head injury and 1228 without head injury to yield these results (15).

CredCo Indicator:Citation of Studies

Question:Highlight each scientific study cited:

Answer:Scientific Study 3

Highlight:

In fact, a Canadian study found that being bilingual supports cognitive function and even delays the onset of dementia in patients with probable Alzheimer’s Disease by 4 years on average. For other varieties of dementia, the onset was delayed by 3 years on average.

CredCo Indicator:Citation of Studies

Question:Highlight each scientific study cited:

Answer:Scientific Study 2

Highlight:

In fact, in a 6-year study examining 1,600 seniors, found that vitamin D deficiency was linked to Alzheimer’s Disease.