- Sep 2015
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Thirty seconds later, the first message went onto Twitter, and this was someone saying "temblor," which means earthquake. So 60 seconds was how long it took for the physical earthquake to travel. Thirty seconds later news of that earthquake had traveled all around the world, instantly.
This is one of the positive things about technology: it has become fast and instantaneous. It connects people places and things from all around the world. It makes the world a much smaller place. News can be viewed by anyone, anywhere.
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So it's a really interesting time to be a journalist, but the upheaval that I'm interested in is not on the output side. It's on the input side. It's concern with how we get information and how we gather the news. And that's changed, because we've had a huge shift in the balance of power from the news organizations to the audience. And the audience for such a long time was in a position where they didn't have any way of affecting news or making any change. They couldn't really connect. And that's changed irrevocably.
What the speaker's saying here is that today, the audience has more power to affect the news and make change. Members of the audience can filter and select which types of news they want, comment on the news (thus creating discussions about it), and stay up to date on their technological devices. Before, the audience was limited to only what was available to them, not what they could make available. There has been a drastic shift, and the audience is in control now.
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We’ve known for some time that multi-tasking is bad for the quality of cognitive work, and is especially punishing of the kind of cognitive work we ask of college students.
Interesting that this is in direct contrast from what we read in davidson's interview "the myth of monotasking" both are professors at top institutions Shirky at NYU and Davidson at Duke University. Just goes to show the difference in views and the difficulty in adjusting to such a rapidly changing learning environment
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Multi-tasking is cognitively exhausting — when we do it by choice, being asked to stop can come as a welcome change.
i agree in that when asked to focus on one thing instead of many it can be somewhat of a relief
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Anyone distracted in class doesn’t just lose out on the content of the discussion, they create a sense of permission that opting out is OK, and, worse, a haze of second-hand distraction for their peers.
I think the author is saying that because the distraction of social media are so available to access that it becomes second nature. We think it is okay because we do it so often it just seems normal because we are attached to our phones and social media almost always.
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“Stay focused. (No devices in class, unless the assignment requires it.)”
Students can be distracted by anything. The other students can distract them, posters around the room can distract them, anything can be a distraction. There is no way to simply shut off thoughts. Devices just offer a way to engage the part of ourselves that is not needed during the classtime, if used in the right way. I'm not saying we shouldn't pay attention to our teachers, but I'm saying that you need to find a balance and realize that students will be distracted no matter what.
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The final realization — the one that firmly tipped me over into the “No devices in class” camp — was this: screens generate distraction in a manner akin to second-hand smoke.
I think this analogy really helps to put into perspective how much our screens really do impact us. I find it amazing that something can do so much damage with out being involved first hand.
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People often start multi-tasking because they believe it will help them get more done. Those gains never materialize; instead, efficien
We often view muliti tasking as a skill. However, in the long run it does not help us to succeed any quicker or better off, in reality it does just the opposite.
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The fact that hardware and software is being professionally designed to distract was the first thing that made me willing to require rather than merely suggest that students not use devices in class.
This goes back to the point of using the internet/technology for good. All of these distractions are nice for your leisure time, but can seriously hurt you in the long run when it is time to accomplish work. It makes the most sense to not allow these devices in class. The best way to comprehend a lecture is to sit there, and simply listen.
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It’s me and them working to create a classroom where the students who want to focus have the best shot at it, in a world increasingly hostile to that goal.
I always thought going on laptops or cell phones was a major distraction for the person using them but I never even thought about how this could also affect other students and their ability to focus and learn as well. The author brings up a very good point by saying this and brings to light another perspective of how the Internet isn't just a distraction for the person surfing it at the time.
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Our visual and emotional systems are faster and more powerful than our intellect; we are given to automatic responses when either system receives stimulus, much less both. Asking a student to stay focused while she has alerts on is like asking a chess player to concentrate while rapping their knuckles with a ruler at unpredictable intervals.
I think this is really interesting. In my own experience, I can't work or study efficiently when I have my phone out because I get distracted with all the alerts and notifications. However in the "Myth of Monotasking" they mention how it's good to "refresh" your mind. They also mention that people who check Facebook and other social media platforms still work efficiently.
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We’ve known for some time that multi-tasking is bad for the quality of cognitive work, and is especially punishing of the kind of cognitive work we ask of college students.
Many people look at multi tasking as a solution, as a way to get more things done quickly. It may not be effective though because if you're doing many things at once you aren't fully focusing and you're not putting in your best work.
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multi-tasking is bad for the quality of cognitive work,
Some people have to multitask to be able to focus like watching tv or listening to music while doing homework
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This problem is especially acute with social media, because on top of the general incentive for any service to be verbose about its value, social information is immediately and emotionally engaging.
I definitely agree that social media causes a problem while you are trying to get work done. I probably shouldn't say it but it definitely does for me. Every time I hear my phone buzz or see the screen light up it's like an instinct I have to go and check it. This is bad because I end up forgetting what I was just learning and it takes me even longer than it should to get my homework done, which in the end stresses me out even more.
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I’ve stopped thinking of students as people who simply make choices about whether to pay attention, and started thinking of them as people trying to pay attention but having to compete with various influences, the largest of which is their own propensity towards involuntary and emotional reaction
Nowadays everyone always has their heads down looking at their cell phone. We are constantly looking for an updated news feed on social media sites. The author is right when he says students try to pay attention but have various other influences streaming through our heads. It is sad because it is what our society has turned into; constantly wondering what Kim Kardashian will post next. My generation has made social media (twitter, instagram) more important than learning in the classroom.
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Those gains never materialize; instead, efficiency is degraded. However, it provides emotional gratification as a side-effect. (Multi-tasking moves the pleasure of procrastination inside the period of work.) This side-effect is enough to keep people committed to multi-tasking despite worsening the very thing they set out to improve.
Multitasking is rarely ever a good idea. Rather, getting one task done at a time and then moving on to another is a better idea. The author makes a great point when saying that people think multi-tasking will get things done quicker, but that isn't true. I think multi-tasking slows a person down and creates procrastination.
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screens generate distraction in a manner akin to second-hand smoke.
The connection with second hand smoke, I thought was genius way to connect the two. It is fascinating that one computer could do so much harm, even to people who are not using it
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started thinking of them as people trying to pay attention but having to compete with various influences
I don't know whether I think this is a good point or whether I am just sadden by it. Is that really what our youth is struggling with?
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—really, actually, biologically—impossible to resist
I never would have thought that this could be something biological. I just assumed that it was because the youth that is growing up today is growing up with technology. Is it more stimulating to those kids than adults? Or is it just because adults have lived longer without technology than we have?
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(“Your former lover tagged a photo you are in” vs. “The Crimean War was the first conflict significantly affected by use of the telegraph.” Spot the difference?)
I definitely agree with the writer's point here. It can be extremely distracting when you are trying to get work done, but someone posts something that you get a notification about. What can be worse is when you are tagged in the post because then you just focus on you and the post. Trying to go back and doing your work after that can be difficult because sometimes you forget where you were in your thought process.
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People often start multi-tasking because they believe it will help them get more done.
I have heard people say before that multi tasking is basically doing a bunch of activities half fast instead of doing one activity the whole way through
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This effect takes place over more than one time frame — even when multi-tasking doesn’t significantly degrade immediate performance, it can have negative long-term effects on “declarative memory”,
It's funny that society thinks it is a skill to be a multi tasker, yet we have known for so long that it doesn't work well
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it’s as if someone has let fresh air into the room. The conversation brightens,
I think it was easier for him to allow technology in the classroom when it was first coming out because many students probably did not have it. This caused less distractions
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Anyone distracted in class doesn’t just lose out on the content of the discussion, they create a sense of permission that opting out is OK, and, worse, a haze of second-hand distraction for their peers.
The author is saying that once one student becomes distracted, others become distracted too. The domino effect is put into play here.
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There are some counter-moves in the industry right now — software that takes over your screen to hide distractions, software that prevents you from logging into certain sites or using the internet at all, phones with Do Not Disturb options — but at the moment these are rear-guard actions. The industry has committed itself to an arms race for my students’ attention, and if it’s me against Facebook and Apple, I lose.
What the author is saying here is that the success of these software programs could potentially be useful in creating a distraction-free classroom. But, still, the teacher would lose against some of the industries top professionals like Facebook and Apple. They would win against the teacher in a fight to keep the students' attention.
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Jonathan Haidt’s metaphor of the elephant and the rider is useful here. In Haidt’s telling, the mind is like an elephant (the emotions) with a rider (the intellect) on top. The rider can see and plan ahead, but the elephant is far more powerful. Sometimes the rider and the elephant work together (the ideal in classroom settings), but if they conflict, the elephant usually wins.
Why does this occur?
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Laptops, tablets and phones — the devices on which the struggle between focus and distraction is played out daily — are making the problem progressively worse.
What the author is saying here is that while technology is beneficial in a lot of ways, it is also harmful. It can be difficult to remain focused while using a laptop, tablet, or phone because of easy access to other things.
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Humans are incapable of ignoring surprising new information in our visual field, an effect that is strongest when the visual cue is slightly above and beside the area we’re focusing on.
I think this is a perfect explanation as to why people are constantly on their phones; the desire to remain informed and share information has greatly increased because of how easy it is to do on a mobile device. It has to do with the constant stream of information that is so alluring and sometimes, irresistible.
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er.educause.edu er.educause.edu
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used social media such as text-messaging and YouTube to spread their message. They chained the doors of public schools in Chile and organized rallies with as many as 800,000 attendees, leading the Chilean government to increase spending on education and reexamine the country's educational system.6
pretty amazing how social media has to a certain extent given a voice to those who have not had one in the past. no one would listen to the students who were fifteen to seventeen years old without them coming together through social media
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To complicate the issue in my own mind, some of the multitaskers in my classes are A students and passionately defend the value of Googling me to see if I really know what I'm talking about, while other students readily admit that multitasking in the classroom means they spend less attention on the teacher and on the other students.
I think an argument can be made for both sides. Ultimately each individual has to learn about what works for them and act accordingly. Given the opportunity to do so it might be beneficial for students to learn what works for them and let the teacher know what they feel comfortable with.
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They understand how small-world and long-tail networks function. They also understand the notions of reputation and diffuse reciprocity, which are increasingly important online. Both educators and learners use these notions to tune and feed their networks, to build their personal learning networks. Online, you have to decide which people you are going to allow into your attention sphere. Who is going to take up your mind, your space?
With the power of the Internet it may become overwhelming with the amount of people one could reach out to. I think the author is trying to suggest that one find an audience they feel comfortable with and network from there, rather than go overboard and make all the connections that software will suggest, because then it will be too many and not enough who are part of the circle you are trying to network into. I'm not entirely sure, but it seems as if he is saying to only network in your particular community, making sure the audience is who you want to reach out to so that what you are doing is worthwhile.
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participating, even if it's no good and nobody cares, gives one a different sense of being in the world. When you participate, you become an active citizen rather than simply a passive consumer of what is sold to you, what is taught to you, and what your government wants you to believe. Simply participating is a start.
Participating is so important regardless of what you have to say from the start. The only way you are going to become part of a group is by putting yourself out there and joining in conversation. The same is true for an online community. Your presence must be known.
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none of these literacies live in isolation.1 They are interconnected. You need to learn how to exercise mindful deployment of your attention online if you are going to become a critical consumer of digital media; productive use of Twitter or YouTube requires knowledge of who your public is, how your participation meets their needs (and what you get in return), and how memes flow through networked publics. Ultimately, the most important fluency is not in mastering a particular literacy but in being able to put all five of these literacies together into a way of being in digital culture.
Again, I like his use of the idea that there is more to everything, social media literacy especially. These are not just 5 singular ideas or suggestions. Success only happens if they are all assessed together and effort is put into each aspect.
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When it comes to social media, knowing how to post a video or download a podcast—technology-centric encoding and decoding skills—is not enough. Access to many media empowers only those who know how to use them. We need to go beyond skills and technologies. We need to think in terms of literacies. And we need to expand our thinking of digital skills or information literacies to include social media literacies.
I really like this opening. The author really makes you think about all the other factors that go into being social media savvy. It takes a lot more than just the ability to click "post" - it takes a lot of planning, research, attention to detail, effort, and energy.
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They ask how they are supposed to keep up with the overwhelming flood of information. I explain that social media is not a queue; it's a flow.
I think this passage really hits the point about how crap detection and attention are so similar. Paying attention online is about controlling the flow! i.e. having good filters, such as Twitter lists and finely tuned RSS readers like Feedly. But controlling the "flow" of information also means staying on the lookout for hoaxes and crap.
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If you find people, whether you know them or not, who you can trust to be an authority on something or another, add them to your personal network. Consult them personally, consult what they've written, and consult their opinion about the subject.
I don't really understand this point because how can you trust someone if you don't know them? I understand that you can still trust someone to consult your work if you do not know them personally, but you should know OF them and I think without this important piece, it's like saying we should trust strangers.
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The technologies that we have in our pockets today are powerful engines for participation. My students and I carry computers that are literally millions of times more powerful than what the U.S. Department of Defense had a couple decades ago, networked at speeds millions of times faster than the first online networks. We are seeing a massive adoption of an attitude of active participation simply through the use of these technologies.
It's amazing to think that at the press of a button on either your hand-held cell phone or laptop, that a post/picture/status/video/etc. can be viewed by millions in a matter of seconds. The internet is obviously an amazing discovery, but you must be careful with it.
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Attention is the fundamental building block for how individuals think, how humans create tools and teach each other to use them, how groups socialize, and how people transform civilizations.
Our generation as a whole does not come to terms with the importance of 'attention'. Attention also correlates with not being able to get priorities in check. Many people today find it more important to stare blankly at their phone instead of listening to a lecture in class. "History repeats itself because nobody was listening the first time" -Unknown.
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To complicate the issue in my own mind, some of the multitaskers in my classes are A students and passionately defend the value of Googling me to see if I really know what I'm talking about, while other students readily admit that multitasking in the classroom means they spend less attention on the teacher and on the other students.
I think this shows how different students have varying multitasking abilities. It's important to note that there is no way to say "multitasking is bad" or "multitasking is good" because it is strictly individual. Social media provides numerous new ways to multitask; one can tweet while walking down the street, or take videos of everything they do while they do it for their Snapchat story. I think it's impossible in this day and age to not multitask. I don't think that means that one can't focus on one thing more than other, even if they are doing multiple things. For example, I'm listening to music now but I'm focused more on typing than the music.
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Over half of U.S. teenagers not only consume but also create and author online, whether that's by customizing their MySpace page, or running a blog, or running a YouTube channel.5 That doesn't mean, however, that all forms of participation are beneficial to the participant or others.
People all over the world have access to the internet in so many different ways. Whether they participate in social media, run their own blogs or comment on articles, the internet allows everyone to interact and express their own views and ideas. Though as the last sentence of this quote reads; not all forms of participation are beneficial to the participant or others. Meaning that with all of this participation brings less accurate information, and that could cause a problem in the future.
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Attention is the fundamental building block for how individuals think, how humans create tools and teach each other to use them, how groups socialize, and how people transform civilizations.
I totally agree that attention is a main driving force for people. Attention is what makes a person do what they have to do every day. For example going to school or work requires a person to stay focused and be attentive. When we loose out attention, we loose our drive and focus from what is important.
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hbr.org hbr.org
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woo, glad that’s over. Now we can go on to real learning, because that test–and he used a phrase that we would not like right now. He says, “this is a test only of lower order thinking for the lower orders,”
what was the way of learning before multiple choice testing? was it just essays and discussion? All we have really known is multiple choice testing... at least in larger standardized tests.
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Well, in fact, what we find is the mind can’t concentrate for 20 minutes productively.
has this always been the case? We often hear about how our attention spans are shortening due to the digital era and the relevance of technology/social media. I'd like to see if there are any studies on attention span from before digital era until now
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The other thing for adults is do not get into your car after you’ve been through a traumatic divorce hearing in divorce court, after you’ve been fired, after you’ve gotten a very bad message from a doctor about an illness. Heartache and heartburn, emotional and physical trauma, are far more distracting than email, and we don’t see those as such because we’ve never counted– we tend not to think of what’s happening within our bodies as distracting, but of course it is. Anyone knows that.
Hard for me to compare these to texting and driving i'd like to pose the question of voluntary vs. involuntary distractions? of course heartburn/ divorce is voluntary to a certain extent but not as voluntary as deciding to text/email while driving
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if somebody had come in and made a joke to the airline pilot just as he was landing the plane, he would have seen the commercial airliner across the way
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if somebody had come in and made a joke to the airline pilot just as he was landing the plane, he would have seen the commercial airliner across the way
Would be interested to see if they made an experiment on this specifically, I am somewhat skeptical as to whether this would truly help the pilot
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Well, in fact, what we find is the mind can’t concentrate for 20 minutes productively
I have found this to be true...
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we think in patterns
patterns are boring :)
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You focus your attention by excluding anything that’s irrelevant.
Paying attention seems constraining and limiting, in these terms.
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As long as we think multitasking is destroying our brain, as long as we think technology is ruining us, we don’t have control. As long as we say, this is a tool, and like all tools human use, we can use this better or worse, then we can take some time to really think about what we, individually or collectively, need to make this tool work for us
It's important to be aware of how we work and the most effective way to get something done. It's good to know your personal habits to make them work for your needs.
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A recent study of productivity, just in the last couple of weeks, showed that, in fact, people who are constantly using social networks while they’re at work, or doing Facebook while they’re at work, or switching back and forth, think they’re less productive. But actually, they’re more productive than people who think they’re monotasking who are Luddites, and who say, no, no, I don’t allow any of that.
This is interesting because you would think that people who are using social media at work were much less productive because of all the distractions. However, I don't think using social media at work frequently should be encouraged. I would be interested to learn more about why this is.
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I have some friends who teach at Harvard, and they say that the students they see now cannot, or will not, read a full length book.
Would having an online version of the book make reading a book easier for the students?
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I think texting while driving is more dangerous and distracting because a person has to be looking down at their phone to text instead of on the road.
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Would a student be more likely to read the book if was able to be read online?
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Would a student be more likely to read the book if was able to be read online?
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