Float

Turned downwind

A long spar running from different places in the ship to the base of a mast

Chose

Swords

Thin, narrow strips of wood used to form a groundwork upon which to fasten the slates of a roof

Reveal

Demonstrated

The butt of a gun

Placed

A bird with a long, curved bill.

An official on a merchant ship responsible for overseeing the cargo and its sale.

Alluding to Adam and Eve's consumption of the forbidden fruit, termed "original sin" in the Christian tradition.

Heeled shoes

The process of glazing involves tumbling the gunpowder grains in revolving drums with graphite, to smooth them and make them water resistant.

Drawer, especially for holding money

Candied fruit

Medicinal concoctions

Bowsprit; a large spar or beam extending forth from the front of a ship

Nearest

Experienced these emotions

Waive, set aside

Fortunate

Most careful

Providence decreed otherwise

Narrow opening

Made from mutton fat

Dry rags or some other fuel, to catch the spark from the flint.

A box containing flint and steel for striking a light to make fire

Conversation or communication (of spirits with humans)

Happened upon them accidentally

Arrangement or organization; setting forth

Spyglasses

Small lead pellets - so called, of course, because a fowling piece is ordinarily used to shoot birds

A handful of musket balls

Ambush

would have

Plan or scheme

Cutlasses (a sailor's sword with a curved blade)

Lest

Physically separated

Here alluding to the cockpit of a ship, or the part of the helm where the steering wheel is

A spyglass, or sailor's telescope

Temperament

Prayer or supplication

A variety of Eurasian willows

Startle

Monstrous imagining (more literally, a monster in Greek mythology, with a lion's head, a goat's body, and a serpent's tail)

Checkerboard

Arrived at

A stone's throw, or a very short distance

Supply or storehouse

A cushion forming part of the inside fittings of a carriage

Mustachios

A long moustache, such as a Muslim man might have worn

A variation of the word "mulatto," here used to refer to brown skin

A loop attached to a belt, designed to hold a sword or bayonet

Cords

Long gaiters or leggings of leather, to keep boots and trousers from being spattered with mud

Calf-high or knee-high boots

Breeches or trousers

Feeble

Served my purpose

Crusoe's comical failure to anticipate that, the larger his enclosure is, the harder it will be to catch the goats inside

Small streams or rills

Foresight; planning or ingenuity

Grappling-iron

In Latin, literally "a thing which must be remembered"

Served the need

Contrived (ie. a makeshift waistcoat)

Neither had they failed

To flay or skin them

Lack

A square dozen, or 144 of something

Cook

Fuel

A downward slope, so that the boat might slide down into the water.

A small, flat-bottomed Caribbean boat similar to a canoe, but with a sail.

To remove the seed from the husk

In Britain, pudding can refer to a number of sweet and savory dishes, including desserts and various types of sausages made from entrails. Here, it refers to a sweetened bread.

Searce; another word for a sieve

Until

To make pastry

Small earthenware pots

Ground

To my liking

Threshing, or the process of separating the seeds of corn from the husks

A very large frame set with iron teeth that is dragged over arable land to break up clods of earth

A two-gallon loaf; Crusoe's crop is so small to begin with, that every grain the birds eat is a significant loss

Eagerly, gladly

A bottle with a square-shaped base, often used for gin

An imperial unit of dry volume, approximately 2 gallons

In this context, meaning humility, rather than embarrassment

Counted

Food generally, not necessarily restricted to animal's flesh

An imperial hundredweight, or about 112 lb

Alight

More than 56 lb (a full hundredweight is 112 lb)

Violent altercation

Crusoe will describe this predicament at greater length farther along in the narrative (i.e. "More about this later.")

Chicken's food; in this case, barley (referred to here sometimes as corn), which Crusoe realizes must have germinated and sprouted.

Wooden planks from which barrels are made.

A typical wooden barrel, consisting of vertical wooden staves bound with lateral metal hoops.

A roundlet, or, in wine-measure, a barrel holding about 48 gallons.

Fearful, apprehensive, or wary.

An open receptacle for carrying mortar, bricks, stones, or coal.

The cylindrical shaft running through the center of a wheel, upon which it pivots.

Shallow

Overturned

Storehouse

A tool like a pickax, with a blade at right angles to the handle.

Some subsequent editions misread this word as the intransitive verb "to work," printing the line as "I set my self to enlarge my Cave, and work farther into the Earth." However, the first edition treats it as a noun.

Crowbars

Economized or eked out, so they would last

Catholic

240 lb.

Had the explosive gunpowder caught fire from the lightning, Crusoe would ironically not have survived the explosion to have suffered harm at the hands of man or beast.

Radius

The cross-beams attached at right angles to the masts, from which the various sails hang

A large rope used in warping or mooring a ship

A large cask, or a quantity sufficient to fill a hogshead

Here not referring exclusively to an arsenal of weaponry, but more generally to Crusoe's store of provisions.

Eager

Crowbars

A stone on which to sharpen stone tools

A container for gunpowder, made from an ox or buffalo horn.

A kind of liqueur

Medicinal concoctions, often consisting of brandy or whiskey mixed with various spices.

Master of the ship

Ingenuity and determination (archaic usage)

The forward part of a ship below the main deck, usually the crew's living quarters.

One eighth of a mile, or 220 yards.

did not comprise a single pair

Approximately three and a half miles

Death blow

Towards the rear of the boat

In such a position that the land intercepts the wind, so that it does not buffet the boat.

"The wild sea"

The hull probably bashed in

Feverish delirium prevalent in the tropics.

lacking

British pounds are also referred to as pounds sterling.

A gold or silver trade coin, formerly current in most European countries.

Eighty Spanish dollars ("Pieces of eight" were so called because one was worth eight Spanish reales.)

Down to the smallest detail; to the highest degree

INSERT NOTE HERE.

INSERT NOTE HERE.

"Bore" refers to the interior of the barrel of a gun, and the diameter of the bore determines the calibre. Crusoe's gun, then, is musket calibre.

Bullets

A small portion of a drink; a swig or sip.

If any of his Master's men had tried to follow him, he was by now so far away that they would have given up.

Aimed

Guns

Crotch

A wading bird of mottled brown color with a long, slender beak. [Insert picture of a curlew here.]

Shifted from one side of the vessel to the other when running before the wind.

Moor

Treatment I experienced there

The battery of cannon located on the side of the ship; cannon fire.

The Equator

Feverish delirium

Three hundred British pounds.

5 lb, 9 oz.

Quantity of capital or valuables

Forty pounds

Person with whom one regularly takes meals.

Common sailor

If the boat was crushed or damaged while running aground, he would reimburse their master.

Coal barges.

(Shinagel 12; footnote 6)

Senior crew member.

At the mercy of all risks/dangers.

The lower deck of a ship, just below the main deck and above the ballast; lower classes of passengers often purchased cheaper tickets to travel in this part of the ship.

A very large, heavy spare anchor stored in the waist of the ship, used in emergencies.

Come loose.

With the bow (the foremost part of the hull) in the water.

Remained anchored; floated stationary.

Equipment used to anchor a ship.

Having grown accustomed to something unpleasant.

Here merely the general action of fleeing, with no associations of secretive marriage.

Propose.

(Shinagel 8, footnote 6)

Relating to manual labor.

(Shinagel 6, footnote 2)

Heatedly, vehemently; as opposed to affectionately.

My intended purpose; but also with a possible foreshadowing of the way that the design of fate or Providence will play a role in Crusoe's life.

That such books as this will be read quickly, so that the truth of the narrative has no bearing on its value as entertainment or instruction.

(See Defoe, Daniel. Robinson Crusoe Ed. Michael Shinagel. (New York: W.W. Norton & Co., 1978), p. 3, footnote 1)

Abbreviation for Lat. videlicet, meaning here "namely."

The picture doesn't show the round central 'gunrest' that Joyce implies, though the outer ring might more accurately have been called by that term.

I was wondering if there was a connection between the second word in төмөр зам meaning railway and road. Now I find the same morpheme in the word for silk road (title of this webpage). Cool.

to prevent something from happening