But if the child miss, either in forgetting a word, or in changing a good with a worse, or misordering the sentence, I would not have the master either frown, or chide with him,
Ascham feels that a child shouldn't be scolded if he were to get something wrong such as forgetting a word.
chide
scold
let him translate into English his former lesson
After the child has practiced and learned every bit of the language, he/she is tested by taking a paper book without any help and translating it into English then the book is taken up and the child must then translate his/her own English back into Latin. Wow that is impressive!! Definitely seems like an effective yet harsh way to learn a language but I bet it worked
parse
syntax analysis analyzing a sentence into its parts
concordances
According to google: an alphabetical list of the words (especially the important ones) present in a text, usually with citations of the passages concerned.
Sturmius,
Is this referring to Saint Sturm and if so, why is he important in this sentence?
first book of Cicero de Oratore,
This book was brought into schools, taught, and helped them to better understand Latin
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this was definitely a lengthy reading and difficult to keep up with at times but I like how More created this fantasy world Utopia to show in contrast how things were in actualility during the 16th century
For the most part slavery is the punishment
they have no lawyers and for the most part slavery is the punishment for all crimes
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they care for the sick making them feel as comfortable as possible. Suicide is accepted but without the priests consent the bodies are disposed in a ditch.
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unlike Europe, Utopia doesn't execute their criminals but rather condemns them to slavery keeping them in "perpetual labour"
it was strange to see how eagerly they were set on learning
Hythloday notes that Utopians are always eager to learn
happiness
the Utopians cherish education and learning, particularly in science, and are more focused on the meaning of life and happiness rather than materialistic things and appearances
they do not much care whether they sell off their merchandise for money
they have so much gold and silver they could care less if they sell their merchandise for money
When they have thus taken care of their whole country, and laid up stores for two years (which they do to prevent the ill consequences of an unfavourable season), they order an exportation of the overplus, both of corn, honey, wool, flax, wood, wax, tallow, leather, and cattle, which they send out, commonly in great quantities, to other nations.
all cities share their surpluses with each other and when all needs have been met, they sell the rest abroad
.
Utopians are allowed to travel with the princes permission and if they leave without permission they are said to be a fugitive possibly resulting in slavery
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all Utopians work on the farm and learn a trade. Their workday only lasts 6 hours and the rest of their time is for eating, sleeping, or whatever else they please but for the most part its for reading. The only ones exempt from labor are those who are studying.to become ambassadors, priests, or Tranibors
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reveals how Utopia is governed and shows how they prevent corruption by electing and rotating representatives
brackish
slightly salty, mixture of river water and sea water
.
Utopia has 44 cities. Amaurot is it's capital which is located in the center of the island where 3 wise men from each city come togther to discuss the matters of Amaurot. Families of 20 maintain and work the farmland for two years then replaced by another new 20 people.
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Utopia is crescent shaped, with rocks protecting it from any attacks. It was once connected to the mainland but a man named Utopus conquered and civilized it's inhabitants making them dig a canal separating it from the mainland making it an island.
Though, to speak plainly my real sentiments, I must freely own that as long as there is any property, and while money is the standard of all other things, I cannot think that a nation can be governed either justly or happily: not justly, because the best things will fall to the share of the worst men; nor happily, because all things will be divided among a few (and even these are not in all respects happy), the rest being left to be absolutely miserable
Hythloday believes abolishing property and money is the only solution because with it, he believes a nation can't be governed justly or happily. More suggests some truth in what Hythloday says but it can only be realized if we see the contrasting side of the reality of politics and how things actually work in real life.
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stating in his opinion what would make a good king vs what wouldn't. It all comes down to money and greed which in turn will cause havoc and oppress people
gaoler
person in charge of a jail or the prisoners in it. I'm guessing this is a metaphor used here to describe the king taking charge of all the people
better for him to quit his kingdom than to retain it by such methods as make him, while he keeps the name of authority, lose the majesty due to it.
better for the king to quit and let someone else handle the situations at hand than to keep the table and abuse that power by dealing with problems unjustly
if I should show that they choose a king for their own sake, and not for his; that, by his care and endeavours, they may be both easy and safe; and that, therefore, a prince ought to take more care of his people’s happiness than of his own, as a shepherd is to take more care of his flock than of himself?
so is this saying what if the king was held accountable for his peoples actions? He would definitely make sure his people had what they needed and made sure they were pleased
since these things make them less easy and willing to submit to a cruel and unjust government.
Hes saying without money and property, there wouldn't be the need to steal or have an unjust government because everyone would be equal and happy
abhor
hate, loathe
that you first make thieves and then punish them?’
exactly! Its contradicting and the punishment is such a heinous act.
while they would willingly work but can find none that will hire them;
They are willing to work to earn their money instead of having to steal but no one will hire them so they have no other options to turn to
When that little money is at an end (for it will be soon spent), what is left for them to do but either to steal, and so to be hanged (God knows how justly!), or to go about and beg?
sometimes people are ran out of their homes or end up in poverty and their only means to survive is to steal or beg for money. They can't help it because that's the only way they know to make ends meet so how can the punishment be death if they're stealing to live. The punishment is too harsh.
severe execution of justice upon thieves, ‘who,’ as he said, ‘were then hanged so fast that there were sometimes twenty on one gibbet!’ and, upon that, he said, ‘he could not wonder enough how it came to pass that, since so few escaped, there were yet so many thieves left, who were still robbing in all places.
they were just using execution for everything even for a crime that wasn't as severe such as robbery that it would cost them there life. There had to be a better way of going about punishment.
remedy was not effectual
More is saying the way they dealt with crime was not an effective way because there was still much crime happening
he was eminently skilled in the law, had a vast understanding, and a prodigious memory; and those excellent talents with which nature had furnished him were improved by study and experience
he was a very intellectual man
very fit counsellor to any king whatsoever.
More thinks Raphael will make a great counsellor and has faith in him and the decisions he will make based off his personality, but Raphael doesn't think so. Raphael thinks even if he did, it wouldn't make a difference as princes "apply themselves more to war affairs than peace". He knows they prefer to work alone than to ask for any assistance.
abhorrent
meaning: inspiring disgust and loathing, hateful, repulsive
I distributed that among my kindred and friends which other people do not part with till they are old and sick
so i guess it's saying he's not greedy with what he has and in fact shared his treasures with the people which is rare as most people keep it to themselves up until death.
verdant
green grass rich in vegetation.
vast deserts that were parched with the perpetual heat of the sun; the soil was withered, all things looked dismally
I love that.. "deserts that were parched" literary device: personification?
Raphael
a traveler/ philosopher
absence of four months had quickened very much
he has been away from his family for four months
so perfect a friend
More is very fond of Giles and considers him to be a really good friend and there is no one comparable to him
Lord Chancellor
Thomas More was actually the chancellor of England at the time
Sir Thomas More
One of the main characters in the story and is also the author himself
.
he is to confess of all his sins and now is only left with the good deeds and knowledge that he has done wrong. All he has left is to beg God for mercy and he shall be saved
kneel down and ask mercy, For he is in good conceit with God almighty
This is what God wanted Everyman to do in the first place. I think the lesson is being learned but now to see what God will have to say...
Here I lie cold in the ground; Thy sins hath me sore bound, That I cannot stir.
his sins heavily out weigh the good he has done. Let's see if it will be enough to help him....
Another to deceive in the same wise As I have done thee
materialistic things are deceiving making it think that we NEED it but it is not so. Wanting something is not the same as needing it and this is why he says goods are deceiving.
I lie here in corners, trussed and piled so high,
All the riches do him no good but just pile up. Was it worth it to obsess over such riches?
How should I be merry or glad? For fair promises to me make, But when I have most need, they me forsake. I am deceived; that maketh me sad.
How ironic that in his time of need, he wants everyone to be there and help him but they refuse just as he refused the help of God when he had sinned
For I have a great enemy, that hath me in wait,
Death
succour
support in hard times or distress
gramercy.
means many thanks, big thanks
Sir, I must needs know your heaviness;
trying to get him to confess all his sins
For now I fear pains huge and great.
Oh, now you want to be fearful. It's a little to late buddy look who you're standing with...Death. You better hope they grant you mercy because you're going to need it
Yea, a thousand pound shalt thou have, And defer this matter till another day.
trying to buy his way out?? haha not making yourself look any better dude
.
Death is going to take Everyman to God to tell of all their bad deeds and few good deeds with explanation why. They cannot back out and no one can take their place
Hast thou thy Maker forget
Everyman has their mind on lusts and treasures that they will not even see this coming. They have forgotten their creator and Death will be there to remind them, showing them what their future holds in hell leaving them with no other option to either continue sinning or to ask for the Lords help
God.
God is sending Death to everyman to remind them that there are consequences for their wrong doings and they will not be able to escape. He is reminding them that they are too occupied with materialistic things and are sinning left and right without keeping him in mind
I proffered the people great multitude of mercy, And few there be that asketh it heartily
God is always willing to hear them out and grant them mercy for their sins, but no one seems to care or even ask for mercy. It's a bit upsetting that they don't turn to him but instead just keep sinning without care
They thank me not for the pleasure that I to them meant, Nor yet for their being that I them have lent;
saying they're ungrateful and unappreciative
In worldly riches is all their mind
God is upset that everyman is too focused on materialistic things and forget the reason why they are here on this earth and why Christ died on the cross
Drowned in sin, they know me not for their God;
does this mean that they sin and don't care or that they sin but don't rely on God to help them or have any mercy for what they are doing?
our heaven king Calleth Everyman to a general reckoning: Give audience, and hear what he doth say.
God is about to give everyone a piece of his mind and they need to come together to hear what he has to say. They better get ready cause what he's about to tell them is going to have them shook! Stay woke!
figure a moral play–
I like how they state what type of play it's going to be here in the beginning - a moral play.
we love Him sweetly and trust
I noticed that this weeks reading has a lot to do with trust, love and faith in God along with nature, mercy and grace and how they all work hand in hand
.
God hopes that when we do fall, we will do so as a child does and turn to our Lord for help and mercy just as a hurt child turns to their mother. He sees it better that we mourn and weep than to suffer in pity. It is then where we shall receive his love and grace
And after this He suffereth some of us to fall more hard and more grievously than ever we did afore, as us thinketh. And then ween we (who be not all wise) that all were nought that we have begun. But this is not so. For it needeth us to fall, and it needeth us to see it. For if we never fell, we should not know how feeble and how wretched we are of our self, and also we should not fully know that marvellous love of our Make
to me this sounds like some people have harder times than others but it is necessary because God needs us to fall in order to see and appreciate the good. If we do not fall we would never be able to learn from our mistakes or know the love of our Maker
Our high Father, God Almighty, which is Being, He knew and loved us from afore any time
is this saying God has loved us from the start and has created us to have each of these three qualities of our Mother, Father, and Holy Ghost, so it must be so that we love our creator because he is within us?
the first is Nature, the second is Mercy, and the third is Grace.
so is this referring to nature as sin, mercy when we have pain and seek out God for help, and grace as God's forgiveness? Also repeating to emphasize it's significance and purpose throughout the story
three
there is the repetition of the number three throughout the story
but all shall be well, and all shall be well, and all manner of thing shall be well.
repetition
Sin is behovable
sin is necessary and sin is natural. https://bowandshuttle.wordpress.com/2014/06/16/sin-is-necessary/
The fairness and the lifelikeness is like nothing but the same; the plenteousness is like to the drops of water that fall off the eaves after a great shower of rain, that fall so thick that no man may number them with bodily wit; and for the roundness, they were like to the scale of herring, in the spreading on the forehead.
similes
eeming as it had come out of the veins; and in the coming out they were brown-red, for the blood was full[Pg 16] thick; and in the spreading-abroad they were bright-red; and when they came to the brows, then they vanished
good description gives great imagery of how he looked with the blood oozing out covering his face with blood from the garland
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God created us and loved us enough to keep us. Julian is saying we must in return show him love back instead of being obsessed with materialistic things
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is she seeing God as when he died with the thorns in his head?
.
Julian has passed and feels all the pain taken away from her
.
they have sent a priest to anoint her, pray over her so that she may be forgiven of any sins and may raise up to the Lord.
I assented fully with all the will of my heart to be at God’s will.
Julian is really sick and feels that although she is young and has barley lived life on earth, she has come to terms with dying. Apparently she has nothing to live for and isn't scared to let go because she knows God is by her side.
I weened oftentimes to have passed; and so weened they that were with me.
so would she die and come to off and on throughout the night?
languored
feeling lethargic
“Do well and have well · and God shall have thy soul; But do evil and have evil · and after thy death-day The Devil have thy soul ·
those who do good shall ascend to Heaven, and those who do bad shall reside alongside the Devil
uch famine shall arise
is this referring to what is currently happening during that time?
chide
scold or rebuke
And all manner of man · that thou mayest espy That be needy and have naught · help them with thy goods; Love them and loathe them not · let God take the vengeance; If they’ve done thee evil · let thou God alone;
teaches him to love them and help them. He tells him to leave it to God to take up punishment for their sins
For I wot well, when thou’rt gone · they will work full ill;
scared if hunger leaves, they will go back to their ways
And went out as workmen · with spades and with shovels To dig and to delve to drive away hunger.
the got beat up so out of fear they got to work so that the beating would stop
Piers whooped after Hunger · who heard him at once. ‘Avenge me,’ quoth he, ‘on these wasters · who worry the world!’
asked hunger to help by punishing the wasters for being dishonest
Courteously the knight then · as his nature was, Warned the waster · and told him to mend: `Or, by the order I bear · thou shalt suffer the law!’
the knight tells them to get to work or else
The false fellows were afeared · and feigned themselves blind; Some laid their legs awry
piers is pissed because some of the people are pretending to be blind or crippled so that they don't have to help plow the land
As long as I live · for the Lord’s love of Heaven. And all manner of men · that by meat and drink live, Help ye them to work well · that win you your food.’
as long as they help him work, he will provide for them
Some shall sew sacks,’ quoth Piers
what a hustler, making them literally work for his help
Had I plowed this half acre · and sown it after, I would wend then with you · and show you the way
if they help plow the land, he will show them the way
THIS were a wicked way · unless we had a guide That would show us each step’ · thus these folk complained.
truths directions are too complicated they need a guide to lead them step by step
ishop’s letters and a bull!’ ‘By Christ!’ quoth a common woman · `thy company I’ll follow, Thou shalt say I’m thy sister · I know not where they’ve gone!’
she ran away with the bishops letters and bull and know he doesn't know where they went
`Mercy is a maiden there · hath might over all; She is cousin.to all sinners · and her Son also; Through help of them two · (hope not in none other) Thou might get grace there · if thou go betimes.’
if they can make right with the sisters, they will be allowed past the gate
Amend-you
his assistant
Grace is the gateward
the gatekeeper
`Two stocks there standeth · but stay ye not there; They’re called Steal-not and Slay-not
two statues named Steal- not and Slay-not btw these names he gives everything makes the reading so much more complicated to comprehend. I'm having a hard time keeping up
dungeon
symbolizes hell as it lies opposite of the castle on the hill (heaven)
Wade in that water · and wash you well there
is this referring to being baptized or cleansed of wrong-doings?
For to wend with them · to Truth’s dwelling-place
to go with them to where he lives
lowly as a lamb
metaphor
sepulchre
definition from google: a small room or monument, cut in rock or built of stone, in which a dead person is laid or buried.
vernicle
image of Christ's face
When all treasures be tried · Truth is the best.
literary device: repetition<br> Langland is trying to get across that telling the truth is the best treasure than to chose lying and that he needs to have faith and love god. Pressing truth and looking to God for guidance
But those that work well · as holy writ telleth, And end, as I have said · in truth, that is best, May be sure that their soul · shall wend to Heaven,
unlike the liars who go to hell, those who tell the truth shall ascend to Heaven
lieth of them all.
so the worst liar of them all ?
But because he obeyed not
he was renounced and fell into a hell where other like him who disobeyed followed him soon after where they would stay there forever
archangels,
here is a clip of more information about the 7 archangels https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c_-f1LRF18Y
apostate was from the order.
knights were worn to their swords to stay truthful and if they failed to do so, they were renounced from their religion
And never leave them for love · nor for seizing of silver.
Knights are to stay truthful no matter what, not for money nor love should they tell a lie
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He talks to Holy Church who tells him to have faith in God and assures him to always tell the truth
That thou shouldest be ware · I teach thee the best.
it's best to steer clear of drinking
Putting blame on the wine · for that wicked deed:
"blaming wine" for the devilish act of infidelity
throng
a large, densely packed crowd of people
Hot pies, hot! Good geese and pork! Let’s go and dine!’
so since he is dreaming is Langland comparing this to the famine that is taking place in reality.
dawdle away the long day
waste time
louts
aggressive man or boy with an excessive sexual desire
He cozened them with his brevet
Being of honorary rank and using it to deceive the laymen
.
wow that's godly of them to be abusing their power and using it for their own selfish needs
their tongue turned to lies More than to tell truth · it seemed by their speech.
so they travel and make up stories? I wonder why... more attention or to spice up the story?
Feigning their fancies · and making folk fools
jesters and janglers telling jokes and stories
Such as anchorites and hermits · that kept them in their cells
comparing the religious practices of the laypeople to hermits in which they are "kept in their cells"
.
In his first dream he is found in the wilderness where to the east he sees a tower and beneath a scary looking dungeon. He also sees a field of hardworking men rich and poor working and plowing the land where they have no time for play.
fair field full of folk · found
alliteration
deep ditches and dark · and dreadful
alliteration
Under a broad bank · by a brook’s side
a body of water
I was weary with wandering · and went me to rest
he fell asleep
Hardy, big of brawn and big of bone; Which was well proved, for wherever a festive day 550 At wrestling, he always took the prize away. He was stoutly built, broad and heavy;
Tough guy is he? He's this big ol' dude with red hair, warts on his nose, taking out everything in his path. He has big mouth telling jokes and some poetry. Had a white coat with a blue hood while carrying a bagpipe.
Gap-toothed was she, it is the truth I say
lol is this worthy of noting
WIFE of BATH,
A charitable woman who is somewhat deaf. Knows her fashion and a wife of five husbands...I wonder if this is connected with her SCARLET red stockings? loves traveling.
White was his beard as is the white daisy
literary device: simile I notice he uses a lot of similes which I don't mind because it adds to the imagery
And he could write a contract so explicit Not any man could trace a fault in it;
He was very good at what he does and it shows because he got a pretty penny for it!
And gladly would he learn and gladly teach
A very humble, intellectual man who prefers to keep to himself
abstemiously
marked by restraint especially in the eating of food or drinking of alcohol an abstemious drinker also : reflecting such restraint an abstemious diet. I wonder why he was restrained from eating or drinking? Was he poor?
emaciated
abnormally thin or weak, especially because of illness or a lack of food
In this he was not like a cloisterer, With threadbare cope like the poor scholar, But he was like a lord or like a pope. Of double cloth was his semi-cope, 265 That rounded like a bell, as if straight from the press.
literary device: juxtaposition
Equal his gossip and well-spoken speech. He had arranged many a marriage, giving each Of young women, and this at his own cost.
gossiper and a player annnnd confesses to boast about it. wow really. I don't like him already
Fat was this lord, he stood in goodly case. His bulging eyes he rolled about, and hot They gleamed and red, like fire beneath a pot; His boots were soft; his horse of great estate.
Imagery. I love how the author goes into specific detail about each of these characters. It reminds me of some of the characters from robin hood.
That she would weep if she but saw a mouse 145 Caught in a trap, whether it were dead or bled. She had some little dogs, that she fed On roasted flesh, or milk and fine white bread. But sorely she wept if one of them were dead,
Animal lover
And carved before his father at the table.
So far seems like the best fit to follow in his father's footsteps. He's young, handsome, has experience with the cavalry, enjoys singing, writing, and dancing all while learning from the best - his father.
A KNIGHT t
Here we have the typical knight we hear about who loves chivalry and fights with honor. He fights alone and sometimes way outnumbered but still manages to win every time. His attire the most humble, not the typical knight clothed with the fancy armor and expensive materials.
To describe to you the state of every one Of each of them, as it appeared to me, 40 And who they were, and what was their degree, And even what clothes they were dressed in;
I think this is a cool way to begin telling his story by introducing each person and telling us a little bit about them. Then we'll be able to see it all come together later on and how each person ties into the story.
That sleep through all the night with open eye
I wonder what's keeping them up?
When in April the sweet showers fall That pierce March’s drought to the root and all And bathed every vein in liquor that has power To generate therein and sire the flower; 5 When Zephyr also has with his sweet breath, Filled again, in every holt and heath, The tender shoots and leaves, and the young sun
Like everyone else has noticed, the intro is just amazing. I love the rhyming and the awesome description of spring! Were off to a great start :) For me this is easier to comprehend than Sir Gawain and the Green Knight so I appreciate that this has a side where the story is written in an easier dialect for people to understand.
I neither flinched nor fled, friend, when you let fly, nor cast forth any quibble in King Arthur’s house.
uh maybe because he knew he couldn't be killed.....
the whistling wind wailed
Literary device: onomatopoeia
He wore a gown of blue that reached to the ground.
the color blue was associated with purity during this time... hmmm
Then took she her leave and left him there, for more of that man she might not get.
She finally took a hint that he's not going to succumb to anything other than what he has already given her. Let it go girl, let it go...
sweet smiling softly they slip
literary device: alliteration
coif
a woman's close-fitting cap
froth foamed from his mouth foul at the corners, and he whet his white tusks. It was irksome
"froth foamed from his mouth"- this boar is pissed off! They better watch out cause I'm scared for them
travail
painful or laborious effort.
What! Are you ignorant, who garner all praise, or else do you deem me too dull to heed your dalliance? For shame! I come hither single and sit to learn of you some game; do teach me of your wit, while my lord is away.’
could she not be any more thirsty and upfront jeez...
wild swine
another word for wild pig
night when they met
so each night they would exchange each others winnings. I feel it's only going to get worse from here for Gawain
if you would tell me where you won this same prize by your own wits.’ ‘That was not pledged,’ quoth he, ‘ask me no more; for you have taken what’s due, none other to you I owe.’
Woah was he asking Gawain where he got the kiss? and in reply tells him he doesn't owe him an explanation because that wasn't part of the deal...if so that was a close one!
53
This part goes into grave detail of how they processed the meat from the hunt. Not sure why it goes into such depth but I'm assuming this hunt is a metaphor for something perhaps the affair and by giving us all this detail could symbolize the repercussions yet to come??
And now you are here, indeed, and we on our own; my lord and his lords are far off faring, other knights are abed, and my ladies also, the door drawn and shut with a strong hasp.
Well she sure thought this one through. She is not going to let up until she gets what she wants it seems and Gawain I'm sure isn't going to say no...he already had his eye on her from the start..
signed himself with his hand, as with prayer, to be safer.
haha yes he better pray because he's really going to need Jesus after all this
feigned
feigned: pretend. Haha he's really trying to keep it in his pants that he has to pretend to fall asleep and igore her.
47
Hunting scene
The lads were so skilled at the lower stations, and the greyhounds so great, that gripped so quickly and dragged them down, as swift I swear, as sight.
Gives me a great image in my head
swiftly they were stayed by the beaters, with their stout cries.
aww thats so sad, but they are hunting after all. Poor deer though..."with their stout cries"-good description!
Then the cunning hunters coupled their hounds, unclosed the kennel door and called them out,
who let the dogs out? who? who? who? who? lol
wild wind from the welkin wrestles the sun, the leaves lance then from linden
Is this personification?
Gawain, that sat by the queen, to the king he did incline: ‘I beseech in plain speech that this mêlée be mine’
Here comes the chivalrous knight to the rescue
as all had slipped into sleep so ceased their noise and cry.
they're all in awe to see such a thing, that they're just standing there in silence
Wonder at his hue men displayed, set in his semblance seen; he fared as a giant were made, and over all deepest green.
great description and I love the rhyming here
for each man may well know no want was there another noise full new neared with speed, that would give the lord leave to take meat. For scarce was the noise not a while ceased, and the first course in the court duly served, there hales in at the hall door a dreadful man,
He was coming in hot and with a bang literally!
Every two had dishes twelve
I like this picture so it shows me an idea of what it would've looked like and whats going on in the passage
they find no room to place them people before and to set the silver that holds such servings on cloth.
Is this saying that there was so many people and food on the table that there wasn't even enough room to put plates?
the first course came with crack of trumpets
onomatopoeia- "crack of trumpets"
deftly
in a way that is neatly skillful and quick in movement.
Therefore with fearless face he stands straight and tall; full lively at that New Year much mirth he makes with all.
He seems very joyous and happy! Very high spirited and exhilarating much enjoyment and laughter with all his people. It is a new year after all
splendid silk by her sides, and sheer above of true Toulouse, of Tartar tapestries plenty, that were embroidered, bright with the best gems that might be price-proved with pennies any a day.
must of been lovely to see such lavish items
For all were fair folk and in their first age still, the happiest under heaven, king noblest in his will; that it were hard to reckon so hardy a host on hill.
Poetry alternate rhyme scheme
Langobard in Lombardy
member of a Germanic people who invaded Italy in the 6th century
When she might read the writing she learned of the great pain and dolour that her lover suffered by day and by night.
that really sucks for them both and how heartbreaking it must've been
She bade the knights of her company to draw rein, and dismount from their palfreys, so that they might refresh themselves a little.
she's basically telling them to back off and give her space so she could wander off into the woods to find him
Thereat the King waxed marvellously wrathful, and swore a great oath that he would set Launfal within a fire, or hang him from a tree, if he could not deny this thing, before his peers.
wow they are really over reacting just because Launfal turned her down! She didn't get her way so now she's throwing a fit and got her feelings hurt that she is going to put his life in danger. PETTY
If you are prudent and discreet, as you are goodly to the view, there is no emperor nor count, nor king, whose day shall be so filled with riches and with mirth as yours.”
Why the secret? Is she already married? I could be wrong but basically she's saying if he keeps his mouth shut about their affair, she'll be the sugar momma of his dreams haha don't do it dude don't do it!
By reason of the heat her raiment was unfastened for a little, and her throat and the rondure of her bosom showed whiter and more untouched than hawthorn in May.
sure...let's blame the heat. She knows well of what she's doing. Seduction at its finest lol wonder what she wants from him?
Above the tent was set an eagle of gold, so rich and precious, that none might count the cost. The cords and fringes thereof were of silken thread, and the lances which bore aloft the pavilion were of refined gold.
literary device: imagery. wow all that for just a tent. oh they're fancy huh?
prays that you will follow us, her messengers, as she has a certain word to speak with you. We will lead you swiftly to her pavilion, for our lady is very near at hand.
hmmm that seems a bit strange...they just knew he was going to be there and its strange how shes so close by under a whole tent. seems like a set up for something bad?
pass or ford
what does this mean? without even thinking twice?
Sir Launfal would have crossed this stream, without thought of pass or ford, but he might not do so, for reason that his horse was all fearful and trembling
aww he was considerate of the horse being fearful
son to a King of high descent, though his heritage was in a distant land.
I wonder why he didn't stay in his own land and maybe rule there?
see so stout
someone who is fat or of heavy build
Never were such worship and bounty shown before at any feast, for Arthur bestowed honours and lands on all his servants
gave them nothing but the best
nun or a noblewoman as these were among the only literate women in medieval society.
wow very interesting that these were some of the few literate women during medieval times!
“Thy lovely body, once so bright, Is bruised as if thou wished thee dead. Alas! alas! how wan and white Thy little mouth that was so red! And dark with blood thy nails have shed Thy fingers that were erst as snow! Thy lovely eyes are full of dread And gaze as if I were thy foe!
wow she is really upset and really "beat herself up"! bruises and blood dang! I'm assuming this is referring the damage of the snake bite?
Then sudden with a cry she rose And burst in tears of wild despair, And wrung her hands, and showered blows Upon her breast, and tore her hair.
Im not sure what is going on? Did she have a bad dream or is this symbolizing something else? Perhaps this is the part where she got bit by a snake?
Lady Heurodis
is this the same person as Eurydice? If so, why did they change her name?
The wolves had gnawed him flesh and bone; His harp was lying in the snow. ‘Tis full ten weary years agone.” ” Oh,” cried the steward, ” dost thou know That was my lord, Sir Orfeo! Alas! now am I all forlorn. My lord is lost! ah, me is woe! Ah, would that I had ne’er been born !
Orfeo was testing him
He thanked him sweet, and by the hand He led his wife; thus Orfeo And Heurodis left fairy land.
that was easy enough.... I bet there's a catch.. we'll soon find out
Largess I proffer for thy task ; Speak now, what shall I give to thee? ” ” Sir,” answered he, ” one thing I ask ; This that thou wilt bestow on me The lady ‘neath the orchard-tree A-slumbering in grasses deep.”
Orfeo has found where Lady Heurodis is among with others and asks to be presented to the king to play him a melody. The king loves it and asks what Orfeo wants in return and of course he asks for the release of his wife.
This king endured ten years and more
omg that much time has passed?! or is that an exaggeration???