"with their splendid industrialfloats and decorated automobiles, followed the military processionin the parade. The day was filled with field events, baseball, cowboysports, and boxing. Later, the 12th Cavalry band gave a patriotic"
Do any images, recordings. or other reviews of 12th calvary or 24th infantry preformences exist? Mostly to understand what the music they played sounded like as well as what the atmosphere was like at some of these venues.
Relations in Columbus between blacks and whites were not neces-sarily the ideal of racial harmony; however, a much better relationshipdeveloped and existed there than in many parts of the United States.3
The author from the evidence he has presented has interpted that in Columbus while they were not living in perfect racial harmony. But they were able to form many more positive community connections with people of another race than in other places in the country.
Although some social activities at Columbus were segregated,blacks and whites jointly attended most public affairs and a highdegree of tolerance prevailed between the races.5
Signpost this paragraph is the start of where the author begins to make claims and cite evidence that supports the claim and historical problem he identified in his intro paragraph. The two paragraphs before this were largely introducing us to the setting and why so many black soldiers ended up being in Columbus.
The author gratefully acknowledges the cooperation of two nativeNew Mexicans in the preparation of this essay: Mitch Boyer, great-great-grandson of the dreamer William Henry Boyer, and Mitch's aunt,Emma Boyer Flournoy, granddaughter of Ella and Francis Boyer, thecourageous pioneer couple who made the dream a reality, at least for awhile. Both Mitch and Aunt Emma graciously gave personal interviewsand shared private family reunion materials about the Boyer family.
Often over looked in historical research it is important to collect local first hand accounts or family retellings of historical events. While they are not always accurate they can help show from what perspective did the people of that time made their desicions from and what impact certain events had on communities after they occered.
The black military units created by Congress immediatelyafter the Civil War played prominent roles in settling the West. In thepast two decades a number of works have recognized the contributions of these regiments; however, most have dealt primarily with themilitary experience of blacks on the frontier in the post-Civil Warera.' In the twentieth century these same black regiments contin-ued their tradition of military service in the West when the MexicanRevolution brought black soldiers to duty along the Mexico-UnitedStates border.
The Historical problem the author Identifies is that many african american regiments of the post civil war era have had their role in settling the west recognized. However he notes that notes african americans continued contributing to community building in the west into the twentieth century. This time along the Mexico-United States border when many african american soldiers were sent to be stationed there during the Mexican Revolution.
If you do not leave the book with something to say in such forums, then the post-read is not yet complete. Remember that reading well is an art of conversation, not primarily an art of memorization.
Keep in mind while dates, places, and names are important when reading history it is also important to keep what the author is syaing about those this and how they are saying it. Often times this can lead to more questions which can be useful to form the basis of your own writing.
Selectively annotate the book with marginal notes or high-lights. The main thing you will want to note are points where you think the author’s arguments are particularly strong or particularly weak. These are the parts of the book you will be most interested in returning to once you begin to evaluate the work as a whole. Do not high-light excessively.
This important for when you start to write because it will be easier to find key sections you want to reference in your work. However maybe the most important is not excessively doing it because that will make in almost imposible to indentify what is imporant for later reference.
Ideally, in the second stage of reading you should read every word assigned. Realistically, that won’t always be possible. That’s why skimming well was important: it should have helped you decide which sections of the book are most important to read slowly and absorb.
It is very important in the skim to identify and note sections you would like to revist in the slow read.
Your goal as a skimmer is to grasp as quickly as possible what a writer is trying to say, what he or she wants to convince you of.
As a reader skimming is a useful tool but it is important to note that it is not about finishing a reading as quickly as possible. Rather It is about understanding what an author is trying to convince you of in the reading as quickly as possible.
The author is never just conveying information, but also trying to convince you of his or her interpretation of the past. If it seems to you like all an author is trying to do is pass along some facts, even then be aware that there is more going on: implicitly the author is still trying to persuade you that these facts are important and that they are related to each other in a particular way.
It is important to keep this in mind always when reading or studying history because this is true of any historical lesson you are taught no matter from how "neutral" the author or presenter may seem.
Sometimes it is very difficult to determine how a section of a piece is structured or what it’s purpose in the argument is. Remember that authors do not always do their jobs, and there may be incoherent or unstructured portions of essays. But be careful to distinguish between writing that is complex and writing that is simply incoherent.
This can be key in finding the thesis of an essay. In addition it can relieve some pressure to understand absolutely everything the author is writing. Like this section says some authors can fail to remain coherent throughout an entire essay.
Moral, epistemological, and causal complexity distinguish historical thinking from the conception of “history” held by many non-historians.5 Re-enacting battles and remembering names and dates require effort but not necessarily analytical rigor. Making sense of a messy world that we cannot know directly, in contrast, is more confounding but also more rewarding.
Learning about history this in important to keep in mind because it these concepts have changed over time and seem different but can give context around events.
Contingency can be a difficult concept to present abstractly, but it suffuses the stories historians tend to tell about individual lives.
I found this concept to be very confusing. Is it the idea that all individual action infuluences the course of history? Or is it more the idea of the consiquences of choices made by individuals shape history? Or am I just way off base?
In our teaching, we liken the first to the floating words that roll across the screen at the beginning of every Star Wars film. This kind of context sets the stage; the second helps us to interpret evidence concerning the action that ensues. Texts, events, individual lives, collective struggles—all develop within a tightly interwoven world
Context is important because nothing happens in a vaccum. Any "big" event we study in a history class has lots of events that happened before that set the stage for it. Also how those events that preceded it infulenced the people living at the time. In addition how that "big" event went on to shape the context and actions after it.
The idea of change over time is perhaps the easiest of the C’s to grasp. Students readily acknowledge that we employ and struggle with technologies unavailable to our forebears, that we live by different laws, and that we enjoy different cultural pursuits.
Yeah in order to study history it is important to understand that while things that happened in the past may seem very different. We all have more connections to the past then we might realize at first.
“five C’s of historical thinking.” The concepts of change over time, causality, context, complexity, and contingency, we believe, together describe the shared foundations of our discipline.
These are important to remember when reading, writing about, or being taught history because you may hear several different versions of the same event based on what author's own understanding the "five C's" is. Also it can be revealing in many ways if an author intentionally or unintentionally left any of them out.
Pieces of evidence — in the form of primary and secondary sources — are the building blocks of historical arguments. When you see evidence being used, try to identity the part of the argument it is being used to support.
As a reader it is of vital importance you take into acount all evidence used and where it was sourced from. Often times this can be very revealing about the argument the author is making.
That is, you must learn to quickly determine the important parts of the scholarly material you read. The most important thing to understand about a piece of scholarly writing is its argument. Arguments have three components: the problem, the solution, and the evidence. Understanding the structure of an essay is key to understanding these things.
It is important as a reader to understand how essays are often structured to help with staying focused as a reader on the main point of the essay. It is often easy to get sidetracked dissecting or debunking certian facts or side points that only have some relevance to the main aurgument of the essay.
Everything we do, everything we use, everything else we study is the product of a complex set of causes, ideas, and practices. Even the material we learn in other courses has important historical elements – whether because our understanding of a topic changed over time or because the discipline takes a historical perspective.
I think this is a very important part of why we should study history because many things we take for granted are the results of innovations, contributions, and stuggles of people in the past.