10,000 Matching Annotations
  1. May 2022
  2. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.18.22275274
    1
    1. sciscore 25 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.18.22275274: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Consent: Verbal parental consent and adolescent assent were obtained for adolescents younger than 18 years of age, and oral informed consent was obtained from adolescents aged 18 years and older.<br>IRB: This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board at Harvard T.H.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Within the sampling frame in each area, we interviewed approximately 300 randomly selected households with adolescents between the ages of 10 to 19 years residing in the household.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">We conducted all analyses using SAS 9.4 (SAS Institute Inc., Cary, North Carolina) at a two-sided α level of 0.05.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>SAS Institute</div><div>suggested: (Statistical Analysis System, RRID:SCR_008567)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:

      A potential limitation of the study was that the study areas were selected based on existing connections and infrastructure, and the adolescents in each area were not selected probabilistically. Therefore, the results from this study are not expected to be representative of all adolescents in the country. Nevertheless, we increased the representativeness of the study population by including countries and areas geographically spread across sub-Saharan Africa. Therefore, the results provide important insights into the levels of determinants of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in sub-Saharan Africa. Another limitation is that, due to the nature of phone-based interviews, the adolescents included in most areas were those who resided in households with access to a mobile phone. Consequently, the sample might underrepresent adolescents from under-resourced households, which may affect generalizability. The presence of unreachable phone numbers and failures to pick up phone calls may also have impacts on the generalizability of the findings. In conclusion, we show that COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among adolescents is high across the five sub-Saharan African countries, especially in Tanzania. COVID-19 vaccination campaigns among sub-Saharan African adolescents must address adolescents’ concerns and misconceptions about COVID-19 vaccines, especially regarding vaccination safety and effectiveness. It is unfortunate that, at the time of this survey, a considerable proportion of adolescents in ...

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

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    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.18.22275274
  3. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.19.22275337
    1
    1. sciscore 25 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.19.22275337: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Consent: We obtained written permission from the District Administration Office in Humla and verbal consent from each participant prior to the interview.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Subjects with flu like symptoms, pregnant, lactating women, below 18 years were excluded.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Similarly, after collecting the data, we entered, coded and analyzed data in IBM Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>SPSS</div><div>suggested: (SPSS, RRID:SCR_002865)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.19.22275337
  4. www.biorxiv.org www.biorxiv.org
    https://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.20.492764
    1
    1. sciscore 25 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.20.492764: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Cell Line Authentication</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Antibodies</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Primary commercial antibodies used in this work were from SantaCruz (CD3ζ, clone 6B10.2, #sc-1239), Cell Signaling (P-ZAP-70 Y319/ Syk Y352, #2701S; PTyr, #8954S), Abcam (Pericentrin, #4448) and BD Biosciences (Granzyme B, #560211).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>CD3ζ</div><div>suggested: (Miltenyi Biotec Cat# 130-127-939, RRID:AB_2904864)</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>P-ZAP-70 Y319/ Syk Y352, #2701S; PTyr, #8954S), Abcam (Pericentrin, #4448)</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Alexa Fluor 488-and 555-labeled secondary antibodies were from ThermoFisher Scientific (anti-mouse 488, #A11001; anti-rabbit 555, #A21428).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>anti-mouse</div><div>suggested: (Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# A-11001, RRID:AB_2534069)</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>anti-rabbit</div><div>suggested: (Molecular Probes Cat# A-21428, RRID:AB_141784)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Alternatively, CD8+ T cells (0.5×106) were incubated for 30 min at 20°C in 50 μl RPMI-HEPES in the absence of BCS with 2 μg/ml anti-ACE2 antibody (R&D Systems, #AF933) (Hoffmann et al., 2020).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>anti-ACE2</div><div>suggested: (Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# PA5-75453, RRID:AB_2719181)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Cells were stained with primary antibodies ([1:30] CD3ζ; [1:50] P-ZAP70; [1:100] PTyr; [1:200] PCNT; [1:50] GzmB; see above catalogue #) overnight at 4°C.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>P-ZAP70</div><div>suggested: None</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>PCNT</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Experimental Models: Cell Lines</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">The Burkitt Lymphoma derived B cell line Raji was grown at 37°C, 5% CO2, in RPMI-1640 Medium (Merck, #R8758) supplemented with 7.5% BCS.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Raji</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Images were processed with Zen 2009 image software (Carl Zeiss, Jena, Germany).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Zen</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Relative distances (μm) of the centrosome (marked by PCNT) from the center of the contact site with the APC, and of the lytic granules (marked by GzmB) from the centrosome, were measured using ImageJ (FigS2A).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>ImageJ</div><div>suggested: (ImageJ, RRID:SCR_003070)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">3D reconstructions were obtained using Fiji (version 2.1.0).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Fiji</div><div>suggested: (Fiji, RRID:SCR_002285)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Statistical analyses were performed with Prism software (GraphPad Software)</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>GraphPad</div><div>suggested: (GraphPad Prism, RRID:SCR_002798)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.20.492764
  5. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.20.22275312
    1
    1. sciscore 25 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.20.22275312: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Consent: If they agree to participate, an informed consent form (ICF) will be signed by the patient and an investigator before any study-specific procedures occur.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Trial design: The trial is designed as a prospective, randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind, phase II clinical trial.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Treatment is conducted by designated staff not involved in assessment or data collection, subjects and investigators are blinded to the treatment allocation.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">The rationale for choosing RAND-36 is that it is well validated and used in previous studies with similar methodology to enable power calculations.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Cell Line Authentication</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Authentication: The Nexfin device comprises a pneumatic plethysmograph that provides advanced hemodynamic parameters and continuous noninvasive blood pressure (BP) from a finger cuff, with a redesigned self-coiling mechanism that reconstructs the clinical standard brachial arterial waveform from the finger arterial pressure waveform; it has been validated towards invasive measurements in several clinical trials29.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      No key resources detected.

      Results from OddPub: Thank you for sharing your data.

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:

      Limitations: The current trial has some important limitations. Long COVID is a novel disease with unknown mechanisms. The prevalence is continuously being revised and it is not known how symptoms and best practice treatment will evolve over time. The treatment protocol in this trial is novel and thus considered a limitation. Normally, HBOT is administered five days a week, with 30–40 sessions over six to eight weeks. The protocol in this trial is based on experience from severe COVID-19 where five treatments seem to be sufficient. However, more research on the dose is needed. Further limitations lie in the possible selection bias of patients being referred through the same outpatient clinic; most patients are severely debilitated (a prerequisite for referral was at least 50% sick-leave) and due to long waiting times, most patients have been ill for more than one year. The power calculation for the primary endpoint is extrapolated from studies of similar design and diseases with similar symptoms but have not been based on a pilot trial and thus is considered as an increased risk of type II error. However, interim analyses will be performed when 20 patients have data available for safety endpoints, and when 40 patients have available for primary endpoint to minimize the risk of an underpowered trial. Furthermore, ‘sham treatment’ may have up to 58% efficacy35. We did not take this into account when we performed our power calculation, which could result in the trial being underp...

      Results from TrialIdentifier: We found the following clinical trial numbers in your paper:<br><table><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Identifier</td><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Status</td><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Title</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">NCT04842448</td><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Recruiting</td><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Safety and Efficacy of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy for Long CO…</td></tr></table>

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.20.22275312
  6. www.biorxiv.org www.biorxiv.org
    https://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.19.492641
    1
    1. sciscore 25 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.19.492641: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">All testing was conducted in a blinded manner and results were unblinded after completion of all testing.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Cell Line Authentication</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Antibodies</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Cells were then washed 4 times with binding buffer followed by staining with appropriate labelled anti-Myc and PE-labelled secondary antibodies (Supplementary Table 1, antibodies and detection reagents).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>PE-labelled secondary antibodies ( Supplementary Table 1 ,</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Cells were washed three times and then stained with appropriate host-specific anti-IgG and anti-Myc antibodies.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>anti-IgG</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Using the anti-Myc signal to account for differences in expression, diagonal gates were drawn on anti-Myc vs antibody signal plots to select the cells with the lowest 10-15% antibody signal (Supplementary Figure 2F).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>anti-Myc</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Experimental Models: Cell Lines</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Cell culture: All surface-display experiments were performed using “Viral Production Cells” from the ThermoFisher LV-MAX Lentiviral Production system, a derivative of the HEK 293F cell line.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>HEK 293F</div><div>suggested: RRID:CVCL_6642)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">For validation of individual mutations, HEK293 cells were transfected with Wuhan or mutants plasmids using the protocol optimized in the LV-MAX lentiviral production system (no packaging vectors were supplied in this case).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>HEK293</div><div>suggested: CLS Cat# 300192/p777_HEK293, RRID:CVCL_0045)</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Recombinant DNA</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">This sequence was cloned into pLVX-IRES-ZsGreen1 (TakaraBio) at the EcoRI and NotI sites using Gibson assembly (NEB 2x Gibson Assembly Master Mix).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>pLVX-IRES-ZsGreen1</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">The resulting construct was packaged into a lentivirus using the packaging vectors psPAX2 and pMD2G and the LV-MAX lentiviral production system (ThermoFisher).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>pMD2G</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">The resulting DNA was assmbled into pLVX-IRES-ZsGreen at the EcoRI and NotI sites using Gibson assembly (NEB).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>pLVX-IRES-ZsGreen</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">The resulting replicate libraries were packaged into a lentiviral library using the packaging vectors psPAX2 and pMD2G and the LV-MAX lentiviral production system (ThermoFisher).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>psPAX2</div><div>suggested: RRID:Addgene_12260)</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sequencing data analysis and calculation of escape scores: Sequences were analyzed using custom scripts in Python and R.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Python</div><div>suggested: (IPython, RRID:SCR_001658)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:

      We overcome these limitations by employing mammalian surface-display to directly probe antibody recognition of the full-length antigen and using a mutational library to generate binding measurements for all possible antigen mutations. It is important to note that our approach does not directly determine an antibody’s epitope – the area of physical contact between antibody and antigen. Most escape mutations will be at the binding interface and reduce affinity through direct mechanisms, especially in the case of linear epitopes. Some mutations, however, will reduce binding indirectly through allostery. This is especially important for antibodies recognizing three-dimensional epitopes since mutations far away from the binding site may reduce the stability of the protein or affect local structure at the epitope allosterically. Thus, while escape mutations mapped onto the structure of the antigen identify localized surface patches, they represent a combination of the epitope and additional sites that are important for maintaining the conformational integrity and accessibility of the epitope. This approach thus goes beyond the notion of an epitope and, instead provides a mutational profile reminiscent of a fingerprint of the antibody on the antigen. These fingerprints are highly valuable in the evaluation of antibodies and other detection reagents such as nanobodies or DNA aptamers used in a diagnostic test regarding their ability to detect variants of a rapidly mutating viral anti...

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

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    Annotators

    URL

    biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.19.492641
  7. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.18.22275247
    1
    1. sciscore 22 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.18.22275247: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">AND (randomized controlled trial[pt] OR controlled clinical trial[pt] OR randomized[tiab] OR placebo[tiab] OR drug therapy[sh] OR randomly[tiab] OR trial[tiab] OR groups[tiab] NOT animals[mh] NOT humans[mh]) AND 2020/01/01:2022/03/30</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Antibodies</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Type of outcome measurements: Primary outcomes measurements: For anti-spike glycoprotein antibody (IgG) response and neutralizing antibody response, we will report Ratio of Geometric Mean (RoGM) and/or Ratio of Mean (RoM).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>anti-spike glycoprotein antibody ( IgG</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">anti-spike glycoprotein antibody geometric mean titre (GMT)/geometric mean concentration (GMC)</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>anti-spike glycoprotein</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">The sources include electronic database such as PubMed, Web of science, Cochrane (CENTRAL), Scopus, Google scholar, the key journals (vaccine and vaccines).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>PubMed</div><div>suggested: (PubMed, RRID:SCR_004846)</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Google scholar</div><div>suggested: (Google Scholar, RRID:SCR_008878)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Key words and syntax: The main search terms are “SARS-CoV-2 vaccine”, vaccine, “COVID-19 vaccine” and COVID-19 and “Coronavirus disease 2019” that will be searched in MeSH databases.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>MeSH</div><div>suggested: (MeSH, RRID:SCR_004750)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Risk of bias assessment: Two reviewers independently will conduct quality assessment of primary studies by using checklist of quality assessment for interventional studies (Cochrane risk-of-bias tool).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Cochrane risk-of-bias tool</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:

      As the strengths of this study, we will search several sources without language limitation to achieve the research goal. The sources include electronic databases such as PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Scopus, Google Scholar, the key journals (vaccine and vaccines). Trial registries, including ClinicalTrials.gov, WHO ICTRP, and ISRCTN, will be searched. In addition, “COVID-19 vaccine tracker and landscape” of WHO, “Cochrane vaccine mapping tool”, and the reference list of included primary will be searched. Also, the publication bias of primary studies will be evaluated. Eventually, we expect that our study notably advances the knowledge about the safety and efficacy of various COVID-19 vaccine platforms.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a protocol registration statement.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.18.22275247
  8. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.16.22274315
    1
    1. sciscore 22 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.16.22274315: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Consent: Participants gave informed consent.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Commercial (FLOQSwabs, Copan, Italy) and prototype (3D-printed; HP inc, Norway) NP and OP swab pairs were collected from each participant in a random order.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Experimental Models: Organisms/Strains</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">QuantStudio Real-Time PCR Software (AB) was used for the presentation of the RT-PCR results.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>AB</div><div>suggested: RRID:BDSC_203)</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">16.1; descriptive statistics and plots were created in SPSS v. 26. P-values <0.05 were considered statistically significant.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>SPSS</div><div>suggested: (SPSS, RRID:SCR_002865)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:

      This study has some limitations. Testing was conducted on a low number of participants, and almost all the participants were SARS-CoV-2 positive, thus the study was not suitable for evaluating the specificity of the prototype. Furthermore, the usability of the prototype was not assessed. Thus, further testing is needed to determine the test-accuracy of 3D-printed swabs. One strength of the study is that we repeated testing with both swab types shortly after exposure and later in the course of infection; this enabled us to evaluate the performance of the prototype on samples with different viral loads. Because our study population consisted of a defined group with known exposure to SARS-CoV-2, we were able to include both symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals. Finally, sample collection techniques can affect the clinical sensitivity of the test. In our study, experienced personnel performed sampling, which reduced the risk of false negative results. To prevent swab shortages during future pandemics, or seasonal epidemics, caused by influenza or other viruses, 3D printing of swabs might help to maintain rapid, large scale diagnostic testing.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.16.22274315
  9. www.biorxiv.org www.biorxiv.org
    https://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.17.492376
    1
    1. sciscore 22 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.17.492376: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      NIH rigor criteria are not applicable to paper type.

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">We ran all analyses using R software (R Development Core Team 2016).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>R Development Core</div><div>suggested: (R Project for Statistical Computing, RRID:SCR_001905)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: Thank you for sharing your data.

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.17.492376
  10. www.biorxiv.org www.biorxiv.org
    https://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.19.492649
    1
    1. sciscore 22 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.19.492649: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">IACUC: Animals: All animal studies were carried out under an institute-approved Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) protocol following federal, state, and local guidelines for the care and use of animals.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">For mouse studies, female 6- to 8-week-old C57BL/6J mice were purchased from the Jackson Laboratory (Bar Harbor, ME).</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">For NHP studies, 8 outbred, Indian-origin, 4-5 year old female rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) were randomly allocated into 3 groups of 2 or 3 animals.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Cell Line Authentication</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Antibodies</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">106 PBMCs/well were resuspended in R10 media supplemented with anti-CD49d monoclonal antibody (clone: 9F10, BD)</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>anti-CD49d</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">anti-CD28 monoclonal antibody (clone: CD28.2, BD), and Golgi inhibitors monensin (Fisher Scientific, cat# NC0176671) and brefeldin A (Fisher Scientific, cat# 50-112-9757) and incubated at 37°C for 8 hours, then maintained at 4°C overnight.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>anti-CD28</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">The next day, cells were surface-stained with antibodies against CD4 (PE-Cy5.5, clone: S3.5, Invitrogen), CD8 (AF647, clone: RPA-T8, BioLegend), CD45RA (FITC, clone: 5H9, BD), CCR7 (BV650, clone: G043H7, BioLegend), and aqua live/dead dye (Invitrogen, L34957), and subsequently fixed with BD CytoFix/CytoPerm (BD, 554714).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>CD4</div><div>suggested: (SouthernBiotech Cat# 9522-31, RRID:AB_2796861)</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>CD8</div><div>suggested: (SouthernBiotech Cat# 9536-31, RRID:AB_2796896)</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>CD45RA</div><div>suggested: None</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>CCR7</div><div>suggested: (BD Biosciences Cat# 563407, RRID:AB_2738187)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Cells were further stained with antibodies against CD3 (APC-Cy7, clone: SP34-2, BD), CD69 (ECD, clone: TP1.55.3, Beckman Coulter), IFNγ (AF700, clone: B27, BioLegend), IL-2 (BV421, clone: MQ1-17H12, BioLegend), IL-4 (PE, clone: 8D4-8, BioLegend)</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>CD69</div><div>suggested: None</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>IFNγ</div><div>suggested: (Bio X Cell Cat# BE0245, RRID:AB_2687726)</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>IL-2</div><div>suggested: None</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>BV421</div><div>suggested: (BD Biosciences Cat# 562986, RRID:AB_2737933)</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>IL-4</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Mouse antigen-specific tetramer staining of peripheral blood cells: MHC-tetramer staining on mouse samples was performed using an RBD-PE tetramer specific for sequence VNFNFNGL (NIH Tetramer Core Facility at Emory University, cat# 54971), and antibodies against CD8a (APC, clone: 53-6.7, eBioscience), CD3 (APC-Cy7, clone: 17A2, BD), CD44 (PE-Cy7,</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>antibodies against CD8a</div><div>suggested: (GeneTex Cat# GTX111860, RRID:AB_10623584)</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>CD3</div><div>suggested: (Abcam Cat# ab52305, RRID:AB_955118)</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>CD44</div><div>suggested: None</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>PE-Cy7</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">The detection antibody used was horseradish peroxidase (HRP)–conjugated goat anti-human IgG (H+L) (ThermoFisher, cat# SA5-10283) at a 1:2000 dilution.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>anti-human IgG</div><div>suggested: (Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# SA5-10283, RRID:AB_2868331)</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Experimental Models: Cell Lines</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Briefly, a HEK293T cell line overexpressing ACE2 and TMPRSS2 was seeded at a density of 1.2×104 cells/well overnight. 3-fold serial dilutions of heat inactivated serum samples were prepared and mixed with 50 µL of pseudovirus.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>HEK293T</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Experimental Models: Organisms/Strains</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Gene transcript analysis by Nanostring: For mouse studies, inguinal lymph nodes were harvested from immunized C57BL/6J mice at the indicated time points, processed into single cell suspensions, and lysed with RLT buffer (Qiagen, cat# 79216)</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>C57BL/6J</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sample acquisition was performed on BD FACS Symphony and data were analyzed with BD FlowJo V10 software.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>BD FlowJo</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">The next day, cells were surface-stained with antibodies against CD4 (PE-Cy5.5, clone: S3.5, Invitrogen), CD8 (AF647, clone: RPA-T8, BioLegend), CD45RA (FITC, clone: 5H9, BD), CCR7 (BV650, clone: G043H7, BioLegend), and aqua live/dead dye (Invitrogen, L34957), and subsequently fixed with BD CytoFix/CytoPerm (BD, 554714).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>BD CytoFix/CytoPerm</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Cells fixed in 1.5% formaldehyde were acquired on a BD FACS Symphony and data were analyzed with BD FlowJo V10</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>FlowJo</div><div>suggested: (FlowJo, RRID:SCR_008520)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Red blood cells were lysed in ACK lysis buffer (Quality Biological Inc., cat# no. 118156101).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Quality Biological</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Transcriptional responses were assessed with nSolver software v4.0 (NanoString Technologies) and differential gene expression was carried out using ROSALIND software.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>nSolver</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">NanoString statistical analysis was performed using Rosalind software.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Rosalind</div><div>suggested: (Rosalind, RRID:SCR_006233)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No funding statement was detected.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

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    Annotators

    URL

    biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.19.492649
  11. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.17.22275187
    1
    1. sciscore 22 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.17.22275187: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      NIH rigor criteria are not applicable to paper type.

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">To implement the genetic algorithm and solve the differential equations, Python is primarily used, supported by Python libraries, specifically numpy and scipy.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Python</div><div>suggested: (IPython, RRID:SCR_001658)</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>numpy</div><div>suggested: (NumPy, RRID:SCR_008633)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">It may be addressed by adding more genes representing a specific time interval such as [12] but this modification is not pursued for this experiment because of the limitation of scipy.integrate.odeint solver not accepting array of values as parameter.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>scipy</div><div>suggested: (SciPy, RRID:SCR_008058)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:

      As mentioned in Section 2.2.1, due to the limitation of scipy.integrate.odeint solver of not accepting a time-varying variable, an average trajectory is achieved. Figure 7 shows the actual daily cases against the predicted daily cases. It is noticeable how the trajectory produced by the ASQ-SEIR-NLIR model passes through the average of the actual data. This observation is valid for both country-level and citylevel. 3.3 Dynamics of COVID-19 Spread: The optimal parameters obtained from the genetic algorithm help describe the dynamics of the spread of COVID-19 at the country-level and at city-level. 3.3.1 Transition from Susceptible to Exposed: The parameters involved in this transition are the transmission or contact rate (β) and quarantine factor (Q), together with the nonlinear incidence rates behavioral factor (α) and disease-resistance factor (ϵ). Both regions of interest show relatively low compliance to minimum health standards yet relatively high disease-resistance rates, which may be attributed to increase vaccination efforts. This implies that there is high level of immunity but the high exposure rate is due to low compliance to minimum health standards. Both regions also differ in terms of contact rate but same quarantine factors. Quezon City has an average βQC = 3.12, which means higher probability of getting exposed to the virus, versus the βPH = 2 average for the whole country. However, the quarantine success spells the difference in terms of the total expected exp...

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.17.22275187
  12. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.17.22275188
    1
    1. sciscore 21 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.17.22275188: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">IRB: Approval for this study was obtained from the Clinical Research Ethics Committee (02.06.2021, Decision no: 2021-10/14).<br>Field Sample Permit: This study was approved by the Turkish Ministry of Health Scientific studies council (2021-03-21T18_47_42).</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      No key resources detected.

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.17.22275188
  13. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.15.22275051
    1
    1. sciscore 21 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.15.22275051: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">IRB: The study was reviewed by the UCSF Institutional Review Board and given a designation of public health surveillance according to federal regulations as summarized in 45 CFR 46.102(d)(1)(2).<br>Consent: Written informed consent was obtained from all participants.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Cell Line Authentication</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Experimental Models: Cell Lines</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Vero-hACE2-TMPRSS2 cells form characteristic syncytia upon infection with SARS-CoV-2, enabling rapid and specific visual evaluation for CPE.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Vero-hACE2-TMPRSS2</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">All assays were done in the BSL3 facility at Genentech Hall, UCSF, following the study protocol that had received Biosafety Use Authorization.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Genentech</div><div>suggested: (Genentech, RRID:SCR_003997)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Consensus sequences were generated using the nCoV-2019 novel coronavirus bioinformatics protocol using the MinIon Pipeline.43 Lineage determination was done using the online Pangolin COVID-19 Lineage Assigner.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>MinIon</div><div>suggested: (MinION, RRID:SCR_017985)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">All analyses were performed using STATA/IC 16.1 (STATA Corporation, College Station, Texas, USA) and R version 3.3.2 (R Project for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria)</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>R Project for Statistical</div><div>suggested: (R Project for Statistical Computing, RRID:SCR_001905)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:

      Our study has some limitations. Unvaccinated individuals in our analysis were mostly enrolled prior to the emergence and global spread of the Delta lineage, whereas fully vaccinated individuals were almost exclusively enrolled once Delta was the dominant circulating lineage. Thus, we were unable to control for this as a potential confounder. However, previous studies have indicated that infections with Delta lineage viruses have higher peak viral loads30,39 and longer duration of shedding than pre-Delta lineages40,41. This suggests that we may have underestimated differences between vaccination groups, bringing our results from early infection in line with those from Puhach et al. In addition, index cases were from the list of SARS-CoV-2 positive cases at UCSF-affiliated medical centers in San Francisco and may not be representative of all SARS-CoV-2 infections occurring in the same jurisdiction. Furthermore, we were underpowered to analyze shedding dynamics during the pre-symptomatic and early symptomatic period and thus we may have missed the peak viral RNA load in some individuals and thus underestimated maximum values (Supp. Figure 1). Lastly, our study was likely underpowered to detect differences in overall infectious virus shedding duration between groups, though our comparison when restricted to participants with infectious virus (Table 2) is in line with the regression analysis in Figure 3. In summary, in addition to the protective effect of COVID-19 vaccines against...

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.15.22275051
  14. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.19.22275055
    1
    1. sciscore 21 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.19.22275055: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      NIH rigor criteria are not applicable to paper type.

      Table 2: Resources

      No key resources detected.

      Results from OddPub: Thank you for sharing your data.

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:

      A number of limitations are worth noting. First, participants’ preferences may partly be driven by cross-country variation in (1) COVID-19 infection and mortality rates, (2) COVID-19 vaccination rates, and (3) the pandemic trajectory over time. Our analyses did not allow for any in-depth investigation of these factors. Second, on an individual level, there may be additional characteristics that explain approval or rejection of COVID-19 vaccine donations but were not captured in the survey, including (1) nationalistic attitudes, (2) altruistic preferences or (3) migration background. Third, our analysis points to a number of predictors of variation. However, they are not susceptible to experimental manipulation and should therefore not be interpreted as causal. Fourth, at the country level (except in Germany), we were not able to achieve our initial target sample sizes due to budget constraints. Thus, we likely only have adequate statistical power in the pooled analysis. Lastly and relatedly, sample sizes varied across countries and statistical power was higher in the German survey than in the other five surveys. However, since we find statistically significant effects of the main attributes in all countries except from Poland, lack of statistical power might have been less of a concern. Policymakers and global health scholars have condemned the unequitable distribution of COVID-19 vaccines between high- and low-income countries as “vaccine apartheid”.(Gonsalves and Yamey, 202...

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

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    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.19.22275055
  15. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.19.22275053
    1
    1. sciscore 21 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.19.22275053: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      No key resources detected.

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:

      Strengths and weaknesses: The event acted as a natural experiment whereby one group of individuals by chance experienced delayed contact tracing, enabling a comparison of their outcomes with concurrent, unaffected cases and contacts to assess the impact of contact tracing more generally. Having a a single national system collating all test results and a single national contact tracing system facilitated the study. Through record linkage we could identify successive generations of contacts and cases and describe key health outcomes associated with the delay in contact tracing; however, some of these outcomes were rare and it is possible that we did not have the power to detect a small difference in hospitalisation or mortality. Secondary transmission could only be estimated using the contacts reported by cases who met the contact definition11. These would not include unknown contacts; however, the similarity in the number of reported contacts between the two groups suggests that unknown contacts are also likely to be similar. Contact tracing was not completed for a minority of cases in the delay and control groups, so there are likely to be further transmission events that are unknown and not described. People who do not engage in contact tracing differ from those who do in terms of ethnicity and socioeconomic status; however, this is unlikely to differ between the two groups12,13,14. Completion of contact tracing was slightly lower in the delay group. This could have potentia...

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.19.22275053
  16. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.17.22275210
    1
    1. sciscore 21 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.17.22275210: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Field Sample Permit: Sequencing: Specimens were extracted as previously described [16, 17].</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Oxford Nanopore Technology GridION was used for sequencing, and reads were basecalled with MinKNOW.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>MinKNOW</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:

      There are some limitations to this study. First, there is still a large proportion of genomes that failed sequencing. The reason for this is not always clear, however, successful sequencing is highly dependent on viral RNA load, and thus the failed sequences may be due to lower viral load. However, there is not sufficient evidence to determine the rate at which the failed sequences in the post 90-day positives may be due to reinfections with low viral load or a low-level persistence. It has been shown that residual slowly wanes over approximately a year after an infection [19], which is about the time that sequence proven reinfections spiked after the initial infection. Second, the vast majority of reinfections happened over a small period of time with the Omicron variant. It is clear that the circulating variants have a large impact on the likelihood of reinfection. The Omicron variant is immunologically distinct from prior variants that resulted in incomplete cross protection to Omicron [5]. Thus, as we surveil for reinfections, the likelihood at any given time will likely be dependent on similarity of circulating variants to prior variants. Similarly, although persistence of the initial genome is rare in the post 90-day positives currently, future variants may show a different propensity towards persistence. Continued sequencing is necessary to determine new trends that may arise. Lastly, we cannot obtain a true rate of reinfection compared to total cases with these data, ...

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
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    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.17.22275210
  17. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.13.22275049
    1
    1. sciscore 21 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.13.22275049: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Consent: Ethical Approval and Informed Consent: The study was designed and performed according to the Helsinki declaration and all participants gave their written informed consent (Study protocol EX-2021-06438339-UBA DME#SSA_FFYB, Ethics committee of the Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires).<br>IRB: Ethical Approval and Informed Consent: The study was designed and performed according to the Helsinki declaration and all participants gave their written informed consent (Study protocol EX-2021-06438339-UBA DME#SSA_FFYB, Ethics committee of the Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires).</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Antibodies</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Anti-S-RBD antibodies were quantified using the Abbott Diagnostics SARS-CoV-2 IgG II Quant chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay (CMIA) on an Architect i2000 SR and an Alinity I analyzer (Abbott Diagnostics, Abbott Park, Illinois, USA).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Anti-S-RBD</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">To standardize the results to WHO binding antibody units (BAU), a correction factor for Abbott arbitrary units (AU) was applied where 1 BAU/mL equals 0.142 AU, as previously established by Abbott with the WHO international standard NIBSC 20– 136 [13-.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Abbott</div><div>suggested: (Abbott, RRID:SCR_010477)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Statistical analyses were carried out using the SPSS statistical software package release 23.0 (IBM SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>SPSS</div><div>suggested: (SPSS, RRID:SCR_002865)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:

      This study has a limitation. It should be considered that serious adverse effects have been reported in a very low frequency and the small size of the analyzed sample might have influenced this aspect. In conclusion, both analyzed vaccine schemes were immunogenic and showed a high seroconversion rate. In addition, a significant correlation was found between higher anti-S-RBD IgG titers and a confirmed prior infection with SARS-CoV-2 for both schemes. Moreover, the heterologous scheme was also associated with a better humoral response. Finally, local and systemic adverse effects were scarce and mostly mild, demonstrating that both schemes are safe and well-tolerated. These findings should promote patients on dialysis to receive these immunization schemes.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a protocol registration statement.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
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    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.13.22275049
  18. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.16.22275151
    1
    1. sciscore 21 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.16.22275151: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">IRB: The BIDMC institutional review board approved this study (2020P000361).<br>Consent: All participants provided informed consent.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Cell Line Authentication</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Experimental Models: Cell Lines</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">In brief, the packaging construct psPAX2 (AIDS Resource and Reagent Program), luciferase reporter plasmid pLenti-CMV Puro-Luc (Addgene) and spike protein expressing pcDNA3.1-SARS-CoV-2 SΔCT were co-transfected into HEK293T cells (ATCC CRL_3216) with lipofectamine 2000 (ThermoFisher Scientific).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>HEK293T</div><div>suggested: ATCC Cat# CRL-3216, RRID:CVCL_0063)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">The mixture was incubated at 37 °C for 1 h before adding to HEK293T-hACE2 cells.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>HEK293T-hACE2</div><div>suggested: RRID:CVCL_A7UK)</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Recombinant DNA</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">In brief, the packaging construct psPAX2 (AIDS Resource and Reagent Program), luciferase reporter plasmid pLenti-CMV Puro-Luc (Addgene) and spike protein expressing pcDNA3.1-SARS-CoV-2 SΔCT were co-transfected into HEK293T cells (ATCC CRL_3216) with lipofectamine 2000 (ThermoFisher Scientific).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>psPAX2</div><div>suggested: RRID:Addgene_12260)</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>pLenti-CMV Puro-Luc</div><div>suggested: None</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>pcDNA3.1-SARS-CoV-2</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
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    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.16.22275151
  19. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.14.22275075
    1
    1. sciscore 21 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.14.22275075: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Consent: An informed consent statement outlining the purpose and process and the right to refuse participation in the study was attached to the first page of the questionnaire.<br>IRB: For the regression analysis, a p-value of less than 0.05 was considered significant. 2.4 Ethical Approval: The study was conducted following the Institutional Research Ethics and Human Involvement Guidelines (Helsinki declaration).<br>IACUC: The Ethical Review Committee gave their approval for the study.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">2.3 Statistical analysis: Microsoft Excel 2019 and IBM SPSS Statistics version 25 were used to analyze the data.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Microsoft Excel</div><div>suggested: (Microsoft Excel, RRID:SCR_016137)</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>SPSS</div><div>suggested: (SPSS, RRID:SCR_002865)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:

      Limitations: There is no study outside constraints, and this study has some limitations as well. Firstly, the study was cross-sectional in its nature, therefore, the causality of factors could not be established. In this regard, a longitudinal study is required to better understand the practice of self-medication among COVID-19 recovered patients. Secondly, the study employed an online-based self-reporting method, which could have been influenced by a variety of biases, including perceived benefits and episodic memory biases. Thirdly, due to the inflexibility of reaching out to persons who had recovered from COVID-19 and their refusal to engage in this study freely, the study enrolled only a few participants.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a protocol registration statement.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

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    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.14.22275075
  20. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.17.22275034
    1
    1. sciscore 21 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.17.22275034: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Consent: Informed consent was verbally obtained from all participants and was documented in their electronic medical record to prevent infection transmission, written informed consent was not obtained.<br>IRB: The ethics board of the University of Tsukuba Hospital approved the study (approval number: R03-042), including the method of obtaining informed consent.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      No key resources detected.

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:

      This study has some limitations. First, the samples were collected at one site in Japan, and most samples were collected soon after symptom onset. The sample size for asymptomatic individuals might have been insufficient. Second, the assessment of lateral flow device results can vary among examiners [27]. Third, the reference RT-PCR examinations were performed with frozen samples, and the storage and transportation processes may have affected the test results. In addition, study samples were collected from the nasopharyngeal tract, and anterior nasal samples were not analyzed. In conclusion, the current study showed that the QuickNavi-COVID19 Ag test had a high diagnostic performance for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron sublineages BA.1 and BA.2 in nasopharyngeal samples.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a protocol registration statement.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.17.22275034
  21. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.18.22275138
    1
    1. sciscore 21 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.18.22275138: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      NIH rigor criteria are not applicable to paper type.

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Antibodies</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Those households were visited from the end of October to mid-December 2021, and the occupants were invited to participate in a study that involved answering a first questionnaire and providing a blood sample to measure IgG antibodies against SARS-CoV-2.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>SARS-CoV-2</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Anti-Human IgG, HRP-linked antibody was then used to recognize the bound IgG.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Anti-Human IgG</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.18.22275138
  22. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.19.22272842
    1
    1. sciscore 21 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.19.22272842: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">IRB: Since all data are de-identified and fully compliant with HIPAA, institutional review board/ethics committee approval was not required for this study.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">The analytic file was created and all analyses were conducted using SAS software (version 9.4, SAS Institute Inc.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>SAS Institute</div><div>suggested: (Statistical Analysis System, RRID:SCR_008567)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:

      Limitations: Limitations of this study include that information on viral load and symptoms, variables that may predict severe COVID-19,49-51 are not captured in claims data. Moreover, a reason that at least some EUA-eligible patients were untreated may be that they had less severe disease, although social and cultural factors have also been reported to play a role in the decision for treatment with mAbs.52 If untreated patients had less severe disease than treated patients, the residual confounding would likely bias results against CAS+IMD. Another limitation is that several important variables such as BMI and COVID-19 vaccination status are not well captured in claims data; when this study was conducted, approximately 70% of the population had received 1 dose and 60% had received 2 doses. Residual confounding is likely, and if unvaccinated patients with higher BMIs are likely to have worse disease requiring treatment, it could result in underestimation of the effectiveness of CAS+IMD. We were also not able to distinguish between the subcutaneous and intravenous administration of CAS+IMD. Finally, the study period did not overlap with emergence of the Omicron variant, although CAS+IMD is not expected to be active against Omicron,53 as in vitro data indicate CAS+IMD has markedly reduced neutralization activity against this variant.54,55

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.19.22272842
  23. www.biorxiv.org www.biorxiv.org
    https://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.18.492546
    1
    1. sciscore 21 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.18.492546: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Antibodies</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Cells were washed once and incubated with a PE-labelled goat anti-human IgG secondary antibody (Thermo Fisher Scientific 12-4998-92) at a final concentration of 2.5μg/mL of 30 minutes at 4°C.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>anti-human IgG</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Membranes were blocked in 5% non-fat milk for 1 hour, washed twice with TBS-T, incubated with rabbit anti-SARS-2-S at 1:2000 (Sino Biological 40591-T62) in 1% non-fat dry milk for 1 hour, washed twice in TBS-T and incubated in the presence of a goat HRP conjugated anti-rabbit secondary IgG antibody (1:10000; Abcam 6721).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>anti-SARS-2-S</div><div>suggested: None</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>HRP conjugated anti-rabbit secondary IgG</div><div>suggested: (Abcam Cat# ab6721, RRID:AB_955447)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Membranes were stripped and re-blotted in the presence of an anti-GAPH antibody as a loading control.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>anti-GAPH</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Flow cytometric data was acquired using an LSRII and data analyzed using FlowJo 10.2.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>FlowJo</div><div>suggested: (FlowJo, RRID:SCR_008520)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">A heatmap was generated using GraphPad Prism (GraphPad Software, San Diego, CA).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>GraphPad Prism</div><div>suggested: (GraphPad Prism, RRID:SCR_002798)</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>GraphPad</div><div>suggested: (GraphPad Prism, RRID:SCR_002798)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.18.492546
  24. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.15.22275071
    1
    1. sciscore 21 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.15.22275071: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      NIH rigor criteria are not applicable to paper type.

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">We removed the pre-defined English, and Japanese stop words in the Python packages NLTK [28] and SpaCy [29], and tokenized all collected vaccine-related tweets using the Python package SpaCy into unigrams or bigrams for statistical analysis, as in the work of Kwok et al. [26].</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Python</div><div>suggested: (IPython, RRID:SCR_001658)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">A Python package scikit-learn was used to determine the best number of topics.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>scikit-learn</div><div>suggested: (scikit-learn, RRID:SCR_002577)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:

      We admit that our research might have some potential limitations: (1) the imbalance of the demographics of Twitter users in Japan [49] may cause bias in the results; (2) status of the user on a certain day (at home or not, other events on that day, etc.) may also bias the dataset [50]; (3) due to the lack of a reliable public model for sentiment analysis in the Japanese language, the cloud service AWS was used for sentiment analysis; (4) filtering keywords may include irrelevant or missing related tweets; (5) anti-vaccine tweets, especially rumors, were not distinguished or analyzed separately in this study. However, feature works can be combined with classical surveys to train the sentiment analysis model and model to distinguish rumors from tweets to overcome these limitations. This retrospective study aimed to determine the reasons for the fast vaccination process in Japan, which might be instructive for propelling worldwide vaccination towards infectious diseases. In conclusion, our work indicated that awareness of the danger of COVID-19 increased the willingness to be vaccinated; with a sufficient supply of vaccines, effective reservation information delivery might provide more opportunities for people to be vaccinated. Models measuring vaccine hesitancy might also need to add efficiency in delivering reservation information as a metric. Based on our findings, we recommend public health policymakers and the government to share fair and prompt information about the infect...

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.15.22275071
  25. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.17.22275154
    1
    1. sciscore 21 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.17.22275154: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">IRB: Participant recruitment and study design: Women at two tertiary care hospitals were approached for enrollment in an Institutional Review Board (IRB)–approved (protocol #2020P003538) COVID-19 pregnancy biorepository study.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Participant recruitment and study design: Women at two tertiary care hospitals were approached for enrollment in an Institutional Review Board (IRB)–approved (protocol #2020P003538) COVID-19 pregnancy biorepository study.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Cell Line Authentication</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Antibodies</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">mouse anti-human detection antibodies were added to detect antigen-specific isotype titer (Southern Biotech).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>mouse anti-human detection antibodies</div><div>suggested: None</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>anti-human detection</div><div>suggested: None</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>antigen-specific isotype titer ( Southern Biotech) .</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Experimental Models: Cell Lines</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">18 A pseudovirus encoding Omicron Spike was produced by transfecting 293T cells with an Omicron Spike expression plasmid, a lentiviral backbone encoding CMV-Luciferase-IRES-ZsGreen and lentiviral helper plasmids.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>293T</div><div>suggested: KCB Cat# KCB 200744YJ, RRID:CVCL_0063)</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Statistical Analysis: Statistical analysis was performed in R (version 4.0.0) or GraphPad Prism (version 8.0).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>GraphPad Prism</div><div>suggested: (GraphPad Prism, RRID:SCR_002798)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.17.22275154
  26. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.18.22275209
    1
    1. sciscore 21 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.18.22275209: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">IRB: Ethics statement: Ethical approval was obtained through The Medical Research Ethics Committee Utrecht for both the 50+ population cohort (NL74843.041.21, EudraCT: 2021-001976-40), and for the adolescent and adult cohort (12-60 years) (NL76440.041.21, EudraCT: 2021-001357-31).<br>Consent: All participants provided written informed consent.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">A linear mixed effects regression model with a random intercept per participant was used to determine the effect of timepoint, age and sex on S1 IgG concentrations using lme4 (version 1.1.28 [17]).</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Cell Line Authentication</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Authentication: Persons with serological evidence of a SARS-CoV-2 infection history (i.e., seropositive to Spike S1 at Pre-vacc) and/or a self-reported positive SARS-CoV-2 test performed by local health authorities prior to their vaccination schedule were analysed separately.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Antibodies</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Immunoglobulin G detection: Total immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody concentrations to Spike S1 and Nucleoprotein were measured simultaneously using a bead-based assay as previously described [12].</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Total immunoglobulin G (IgG</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">IgG concentrations were expressed as binding antibody units per mL (BAU/ml) using 5-parameter logistic interpolation of the International Standard for human anti-SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulin (20/136 NIBSC standard) [13].</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>anti-SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulin</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Statistical analyses: All statistical analyses were performed in RStudio (version 4.1.3) [16].</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>RStudio</div><div>suggested: (RStudio, RRID:SCR_000432)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
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    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.18.22275209
  27. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.17.22275235
    1
    1. sciscore 21 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.17.22275235: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">IRB: The study was approved by the UCSF Committee on Human Research (IRB 20-33000) and all participants provided written informed consent.<br>Consent: The study was approved by the UCSF Committee on Human Research (IRB 20-33000) and all participants provided written informed consent.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Participants were excluded who were pregnant (to reduce confounding due to expected changes during pregnancy) or had significant cardiopulmonary disease including congenital heart disease, heart failure, myocardial infarction, or heart surgery.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Samples were assayed blinded with respect to patient and clinical information, and assay performance was consistent with the manufacturer’s specifications.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Statistical Design: As we have previously reported, we defined a composite symptom variable for cardiopulmonary PASC including chest pain, dyspnea, or palpitations in the preceding 2 weeks prior to the study visit;7 all participants had new symptoms, were more than 3 months after SARS-CoV-2 infection, and did not have alternative cardiac disease to explain their symptoms, consistent with the WHO definition of PASC.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>PASC</div><div>suggested: (PASC , RRID:SCR_016642)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">REDCap was used for data entry.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>REDCap</div><div>suggested: (REDCap, RRID:SCR_003445)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Statistical analyses were performed using STATA version 17.1 and additional visualization was done using R version 4.2.0 using the ggplot2 package.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>STATA</div><div>suggested: (Stata, RRID:SCR_012763)</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>ggplot2</div><div>suggested: (ggplot2, RRID:SCR_014601)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:

      Others have attributed exercise limitations to ventilatory inefficiency from pulmonary vasculopathy,18 respiratory abnormalities,19 obesity and differences in cardiorespiratory fitness29 and deconditioning.20, 21 Impaired oxygen extraction at the peripheral level (assessed using invasive CPET) has also been suggested to explain reduced exercise capacity among those with PASC at 11 months after infection by Singh et al.31 However, they describe stopping CPETs once RER was greater than 1.10 or heart rate was >85% predicted, which is below maximal exercise for most individuals and does not allow evaluation of chronotropic incompetence. They hypothesize that autonomic regulation of microcirculatory function may be one mechanism by which SARS-CoV-2 may alter oxygen extraction during exercise.32 Others have hypothesized that IL-6 (which may be elevated in PASC)33 functions as a myokine that regulates energy allocation during exercise.34 We did not find differences in the VO2 work slope, a noninvasive correlate of peripheral oxygen extraction, but we did not measure peripheral oxygen extraction since we did not perform invasive CPET. Mancini et al and others have found that dysfunctional (rapid, erratic) breathing or exercise hyperventilation may contribute to symptoms of persistent dyspnea in PASC.35–37 In contrast, we did not observe dysfunctional breathing in any participant. Although not a universal finding, several other groups have also reported chronotropic incompetence in PA...

      Results from TrialIdentifier: We found the following clinical trial numbers in your paper:<br><table><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Identifier</td><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Status</td><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Title</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">NCT04362150</td><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Recruiting</td><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Long-term Impact of Infection With Novel Coronavirus (COVID-…</td></tr></table>

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.17.22275235
  28. www.biorxiv.org www.biorxiv.org
    https://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.18.492441
    1
    1. sciscore 21 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.18.492441: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      NIH rigor criteria are not applicable to paper type.

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Then, we extracted the corresponding pathways from Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes dataset (KEGG) for these selected genes [26].</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>KEGG</div><div>suggested: (KEGG, RRID:SCR_012773)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: Thank you for sharing your code.

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No funding statement was detected.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.18.492441
  29. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.13.22274960
    1
    1. sciscore 21 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.13.22274960: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">IRB: This study was exempt from review by the New England Institutional Review Board (#1-9757—1).</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      No key resources detected.

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:

      The results of this study should be interpreted in light of several limitations. First, there remains the potential for residual confounding by unmeasured variables. Second, identifying the primary outcome of medically-attended COVID-19 identified via the ICD-10 U-code for COVID-19 diagnosis in the inpatient or outpatient setting has not been previously validated specifically within the HealthVerity database. However, a recent study in the US Veterans Affairs database estimated the positive predictive value (PPV) of the ICD-10 code U07.1 in all settings (inpatient, outpatient, and emergency department/urgent care) to be 84.2% [36], which supports the robustness of this outcome and also cautiously noting the high PPV dependency associated with high disease prevalence within a pandemic setting. Furthermore, the analysis of an alternative definition of medically-attended COVID-19 requiring the presence of an antigen or polymerase chain reaction test produced an effect estimate slightly further from the null, thereby confirming the hypothesis that misclassification of the primary outcome would be non-differential between vaccine groups, with the resulting bias to be towards the null [37]. The difference in the HR between the base-case U code definition and the alternative definition requiring testing (0.05) is in line with our bias analysis based on the PPV estimate (see supplementary text and Figure S1). Additionally, in a real-world study of Ad26.COV2.S using the HealthVerity d...

      Results from TrialIdentifier: We found the following clinical trial numbers in your paper:<br><table><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Identifier</td><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Status</td><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Title</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">NCT05366322</td><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Completed</td><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">A Study to Compare mRNA-1273 Versus BNT162b2 COVID-19 Vaccin…</td></tr></table>

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a protocol registration statement.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.13.22274960
  30. www.biorxiv.org www.biorxiv.org
    https://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.18.492452
    1
    1. sciscore 21 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.18.492452: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Field Sample Permit: The animals were infected at the FGBU (Federal State Budgetary Institution) Central Research Institute No. 48 of the Russian Ministry of Defense, Sergiev Posad, Russia.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Reproductive toxicity in female rats: The reproductive toxicity of the vaccine was studied in female (n=60) and male (n=30) outbred rats.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Cell Line Authentication</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Antibodies</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Antibody titers were expressed as log base 2 (Log2).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Log2</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">An immunohistochemical study was performed to immunotype infiltrated cells in the lungs using antibodies against the T-lymphocyte marker (CD3 — Cell Marque, 103-R94, Rocklin, California, USA) and macrophages M2-phenotype (CD163 MsmAb —</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>CD3</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Antibodies against vascular endothelial cells (CD31 Mon. mouse – Cell Marque, JC-70, Rocklin, California, USA) were also used.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>CD31</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">For immunohistochemical evaluation of the coronavirus proteins (S- and N-proteins), SARS-CoV2 spike (Genetex, GTX135356, Irvine, California, USA) and SARS-CoV2 nucleocapsid (Invitrogen, MA1-7404, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA) antibodies were used.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>GTX135356</div><div>suggested: (GeneTex Cat# GTX135356, RRID:AB_2887482)</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>SARS-CoV2 nucleocapsid</div><div>suggested: (HistoSure by Synaptic Systems Cat# HS-452 111BT, RRID:AB_2891263)</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Experimental Models: Cell Lines</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">The SARS-CoV-2 accumulation titer in the lungs was determined using the negative colonies method on the Vero C1008 cell culture.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Vero C1008</div><div>suggested: ECACC Cat# 85020206, RRID:CVCL_0574)</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Experimental Models: Organisms/Strains</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Animals & Ethics Statement: BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice used in the study were obtained from the Stolbovaya branch of the FSBI SCBT FMBA (Scientific Center of Biomedical Technologies of Federal Medical and Biological Agency) of Russia.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>BALB/c</div><div>suggested: None</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>C57BL/6</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">C57/ black mice (n=22) were immunized intraperitoneally twice at a dose of 5 or 20 μg or 40 μg /animal (n=7 per group) or PBS (n=8) over a 21-day period.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>C57/</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Animal husbandry was compliant with each facility’s SOPs and sanitary and epidemiological rules SR 2.2.1.3218-14 “Sanitary and Epidemiological Requirements for the Device, Equipment and Maintenance of Experimental Biological Clinics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Experimental Biological</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Using a computer video system (IBM PC + microscope Leica DM 1000, Leica Camera, Wetzlar, Germany) and the ImageScope-M software package (Systems for Microscopy and Analysis, Moscow, Russia), the “airiness” parameter, specific area of the histological section occupied by air and free from infiltration or exudate from the alveolar space, was determined in a semi-automatic mode.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>ImageScope-M</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Statistical Analysis: The obtained data were analyzed with Microsoft Office Excel 2010 (</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Microsoft Office Excel</div><div>suggested: (Microsoft Excel, RRID:SCR_016137)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">(Microsoft, Redmond, Washington, USA) and GraphPad Prism v6.01 software (GraphPad Software, San Diego, California, USA) for geometric mean, standard deviation, arithmetic mean, and standard errors.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>GraphPad Prism</div><div>suggested: (GraphPad Prism, RRID:SCR_002798)</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>GraphPad</div><div>suggested: (GraphPad Prism, RRID:SCR_002798)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: We found the following clinical trial numbers in your paper:<br><table><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Identifier</td><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Status</td><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Title</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">NCT05270954</td><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Active, not recruiting</td><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Safety, Tolerability and Immunogenicity of Recombinant COVID…</td></tr></table>

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No funding statement was detected.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

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    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.18.492452
  31. www.biorxiv.org www.biorxiv.org
    https://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.18.492443
    1
    1. sciscore 21 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.18.492443: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      NIH rigor criteria are not applicable to paper type.

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">This dataset contains the physical interactions between proteins that are collected from the Biological General Repository for Interaction Datasets (BioGRID) Chatr-Aryamontri et al (2017), Agile Protein Interactomes Data analyzer (APID) Alonso-Lopez et al (2019), Homologous interactions (Hint) Patil et al (2005), Human Integrated Protein Protein Interaction reference (HIPPIE) Alanis-Lobato. et al (2016) and Huri Luck et al (2020).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>BioGRID</div><div>suggested: (BioGrid Australia, RRID:SCR_006334)</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Human Integrated Protein Protein</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: Thank you for sharing your code.

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.18.492443
  32. www.biorxiv.org www.biorxiv.org
    https://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.17.492220
    1
    1. sciscore 21 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.17.492220: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Antibodies</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Dataset collection: The information on antibodies S24-223, P2B-1E4, 2-7, LY-CoV1404, XG005, XG031, and COV2-2268 were compiled in our previous study [12], whereas the information on XGv042, XGv264, XGv265, and XGv266 were compiled in CoV-AbDab [38].</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>LY-CoV1404, XG005</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Allele assignment of IGHV2-5/IGLV2-14-encoded RBD antibodies: For antibodies P2B-1E4, XG005, and XG031, the allele information was obtained from the original publications [14, 16].</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>XG031</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">All “ambiguous” allele assignments in this study came from antibodies that do not have nucleotide sequence information available, namely XGv264, XGv265, and XGv266.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>XGv266</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Somatic hypermutations were identified by IgBlast [25].</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>IgBlast</div><div>suggested: (IgBLAST, RRID:SCR_002873)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Analysis of CDR H3 sequences: Sequence alignment was performed using MAFFT [40].</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>MAFFT</div><div>suggested: (MAFFT, RRID:SCR_011811)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sequence logos were generated by WebLogo [42].</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>WebLogo</div><div>suggested: (WEBLOGO, RRID:SCR_010236)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: Thank you for sharing your code.

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.17.492220
  33. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.17.22275027
    1
    1. sciscore 20 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.17.22275027: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">IRB: The study was reviewed and approved by the institutional review boards of all participating institutions listed in Table S1.<br>Consent: All patients or their legally acceptable representatives provided written informed consent.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Pregnant, possibly pregnant, or breastfeeding women were also excluded.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Study design: Patients with mild-to-moderate COVID-19 or asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection were randomized (1:1:1) to receive ensitrelvir fumaric acid tablet 125 mg, 250 mg, or matching placebo.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization and blinding: Randomization of patients was performed using an interactive response technology system.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Statistical analyses: To compare change from baseline in SARS-CoV-2 viral titer between each treatment group and the placebo group, 11 patients per group with COVID-19 were required to provide 82.3% power, assuming a difference of 2.5 log, a common SD of 2.2 log, and a 2-sided significance level of 10%.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">All analyses were performed using SAS version 9.4 (SAS Institute, Inc., Cary, NC, USA).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>SAS Institute</div><div>suggested: (Statistical Analysis System, RRID:SCR_008567)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:

      This study has some limitations. First, the small sample size and high vaccination rate limit concrete conclusions to be drawn from analyses of the clinical outcomes, such as COVID-19 symptoms including respiratory symptoms and disease exacerbation. Second, most of the enrolled patients were infected with the SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant. Our in vitro study results suggested that ensitrelvir has antiviral activity against the Omicron variant, which is the most predominant SARS-CoV-2 variant at the time of publication (12). Thus, the clinical efficacy of ensitrelvir against the Omicron variant or future variants of concern needs to be assessed in the subsequent part of this study. In addition, statistical analyses in subgroups, such as minor patients and asymptomatic patients, were not feasible owing to the limited number of patients. Further assessment of the safety and clinical efficacy of ensitrelvir in subsequent clinical studies is warranted. In conclusion, treatment with 5-day oral administration of ensitrelvir demonstrated a rapid clearance of SARS-CoV-2 and was well tolerated in patients with mild-to-moderate COVID-19 or asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection. The results support further clinical development of ensitrelvir through large-scale clinical studies for the treatment of mild-to-moderate COVID-19 or asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.17.22275027
  34. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.17.22274980
    1
    1. sciscore 20 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.17.22274980: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">IRB: The study was approved by the Mass General Brigham institutional review board (protocol numbers: 2021P001235, 2019P002526 and 2017P000336).</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      No key resources detected.

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:

      The limitations of our study include its observational nature, retrospective design, lack of ability to detect asymptomatic breakthrough infections and possible differences between the tixagevimab/cilgavimab and control groups that could have influenced the rate of breakthrough infection. Despite these limitations, our study adds evidence of the efficacy and safety of tixagevimab/cilgavimab for pre-exposure prophylaxis in vaccinated SOTRs during the Omicron wave.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.17.22274980
  35. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.16.22275165
    1
    1. sciscore 20 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.16.22275165: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">IRB: The trial is registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov (#NCT03442309), received IRB approval from the New York School of Medicine Institutional Review Board (#i17-00578), and has a published study protocol [9].<br>Consent: All students in enrolled schools were eligible for the study if they provided parental informed consent and child assent.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">A cluster randomized trial, schools were randomly allocated to receive each intervention.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      No key resources detected.

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: We found the following clinical trial numbers in your paper:<br><table><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Identifier</td><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Status</td><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Title</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">NCT03442309</td><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Recruiting</td><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Comparative Effectiveness of School-based Caries Prevention</td></tr></table>

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a protocol registration statement.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.16.22275165
  36. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.16.22274587
    1
    1. sciscore 20 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.16.22274587: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Field Sample Permit: The process for recruitment, data collection, and sample processing has been described previously [93–95].</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Experimental samples were randomized across the platform run with QC samples spaced evenly among the injections.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">For metabolite identification, raw data was extracted, peak-identified and QC processed using Metabolon’s hardware and software.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Metabolon’s</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">4.9 Pathway annotation and filtering: Metabolites were annotated using Metabolon’s ‘sub-pathway’ groups, lipids were annotated by lipid classes, and proteins were annotated using signaling pathways from Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) [17].</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>KEGG</div><div>suggested: (KEGG, RRID:SCR_012773)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">4.10 Multi-Omic network inference: A partial correlation-based Gaussian graphical model (GGM) was computed using the GeneNet R package [106] to infer a multi-omic network.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>GeneNet</div><div>suggested: (GeneNet, RRID:SCR_007678)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: Thank you for sharing your code and data.

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:

      Our findings are based on a study design with several limitations. (1) Samples in each ARDS group were collected years apart, which may cause variation in the molecular profiles due to differences in sample collection protocols and duration of storage. (2) The number of samples in each ARDS group is limited and imbalanced, with 43 COVID-19 samples and 24 bacterial sepsis samples, which reduces statistical power. (3) Our findings are based on molecules measured in plasma; thus, the measurements may not be representative of the site of ARDS, i.e., the lungs. (4) Our results are based on statistical associations, and further experiments are needed for validation as well as mechanistic and causal insights. In summary, we presented a first report on the molecular comparison between two ARDS etiologies – COVID-19 and bacterial sepsis. Our study is a step toward solving two pertinent clinical challenges associated with ARDS: the identification of novel therapeutic options, and the delineation of heterogeneous pathophysiological manifestations within the ARDS [38]. Even though for COVID-19 ARDS, a few partially effective immunotherapeutic options have been identified in anti-IL-6 therapy and JAK inhibitors, treatment remains a challenge for bacterial sepsis-induced ARDS. Using an inter-ARDS comparison, we highlighted therapeutically relevant signaling and metabolic pathways for ARDS of different etiologies. Using an intra-ARDS analysis, we identified molecular signatures characterizi...

      Results from TrialIdentifier: We found the following clinical trial numbers in your paper:<br><table><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Identifier</td><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Status</td><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Title</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">NCT04280588</td><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Withdrawn</td><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Fingolimod in COVID-19</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">NCT04467840</td><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Completed</td><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Opaganib, a Sphingosine Kinase-2 (SK2) Inhibitor in COVID-19…</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">NCT04414618</td><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Completed</td><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">A Study of Opaganib in Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pneumonia</td></tr></table>

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.16.22274587
  37. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.16.22275163
    1
    1. sciscore 20 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.16.22275163: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Consent: Individuals provide written, informed consent for collection of demographic and clinical variables as well as blood for biobanking on up to 5 occasions every 6 months</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Antibodies</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">The plate containing the samples and standard curves were then incubated for 30 minutes at room temperature, washed, following which MSD SULFO-TAG-labelled goat anti-human IgG secondary antibody was added at a concentration of 1ug/ml and the plate was further incubated for one hour.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>anti-human IgG</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">These kits comprise 96 well plates, precoated with antigens, proprietary blocker, diluent, wash buffer, detection antibody, read buffer, control sera and reference standard.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>antigens,</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">In addition, assay performance was compared with the Abbott SARS-CoV-2 IgG assay and the Abbott SARS-CoV-2 IgG II assay, chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassays (CMIA) (Abbott laboratories, IL, USA).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Abbott</div><div>suggested: (Abbott, RRID:SCR_010477)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:

      Although the CEPHR COVID19 Serology Assay has many advantages, it is not without limitations. The assay employs RBD derived from the Wuhan-Hu-1 reference strain of SARS-CoV-2. Although the test has been validated in convalescent plasma from individuals with confirmed SARS-CoV-2, these individuals were infected with the variants circulating in the first wave of infections in early 2020 and the performance of this assay against the different SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs) that have emerged since is still under investigation. In addition, the vaccinated population was relatively small, with the majority of individuals less than 3 months from second dose vaccine. Given waning of post vaccine protection22, sensitivity of the assay may alter as time post vaccination increases. Additionally binding assays do not evaluate antibody function, such as neutralising capacity or antibody effector function, although these gold standard assays are time consuming and expensive and do not lend themselves to high throughput. However, correlation of the CEPHR COVID19 Serology Assay with these gold standard functional assays is ongoing. Despite these limitations, the CEPHR SARS-CoV-2 Serology Assay is a robust, customisable, multiplex serologic assay for the detection of several different IgG specific to SARS-CoV-2, with multiple potential real world applications and performance characteristics that support its further development for use in both research and clinical settings.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.16.22275163
  38. www.biorxiv.org www.biorxiv.org
    https://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.17.492310
    1
    1. sciscore 20 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.17.492310: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      NIH rigor criteria are not applicable to paper type.

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Antibodies</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">We added horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-conjugated goat anti-human IgG (1:5000, SouthernBiotech #2016-05) to detect the binding in COVID-19 patients’ serum samples, HRP-conjugated goat anti-mouse IgG (1:5000, Sigma-Aldrich, #AP124P) to detect the binding in mouse serum samples, HRP-conjugated goat anti-rabbit IgG (1:5000, ThermoFisher Scientific, #31460) to detect the binding in commercial anti-spike antibodies, for 1 h at 37 °C.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>anti-human IgG</div><div>suggested: None</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>anti-mouse IgG</div><div>suggested: (Millipore Cat# AP124P, RRID:AB_90456)</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>anti-rabbit IgG</div><div>suggested: (Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# 31460, RRID:AB_228341)</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>anti-spike</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Experimental Models: Cell Lines</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">The antibody–virus mixture was then added to monolayers of Vero E6 cells (CRL-1586, ATCC, USA) in 96-well microtiter plates and incubated further for 72 h at 5% CO2 at 36 ± 2 °C.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Vero E6</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Experimental Models: Organisms/Strains</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Mice (strain FVB) were immunized by standard methods using purified epitope-scaffolds admixed with sigma adjuvant (RIBI adjuvant) at a 1:1 ratio as described by the manufacturer.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>FVB</div><div>suggested: RRID:IMSR_TAC:fvb)</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Recombinant DNA</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Protein expression and purification: We obtained the genes encoding the designed proteins in pET28a vectors from GenScript (Genscript.com).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>pET28a</div><div>suggested: RRID:Addgene_139598)</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">We optimized the chimeric structures using Chiron and Gaia.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Gaia</div><div>suggested: (GAIA, RRID:SCR_009182)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">We solved the crystal structure by the molecular replacement method using the apolipoprotein E amino-terminal domain structure (1BZ4) as a search model in the PHENIX software.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>PHENIX</div><div>suggested: (Phenix, RRID:SCR_014224)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Several iterations of model building in COOT program and refinement in the PHENIX program were done to complete the structure.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>COOT</div><div>suggested: (Coot, RRID:SCR_014222)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Pymol software was used for all the structural analysis and figures.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Pymol</div><div>suggested: (PyMOL, RRID:SCR_000305)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">We subsequently used the program DAMMIN, part of ATSAS suite, for ab initio low resolution shape determination.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>ATSAS</div><div>suggested: (ATSAS, RRID:SCR_015648)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Subsequently, energy minimization of the dimer was done using the YASARA server.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>YASARA</div><div>suggested: (YASARA, RRID:SCR_017591)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Statistics and reproducibility: We performed all statistical analyses by unpaired two-tailed Student’s t-test using GraphPad Prism 8 v8.2.1 software and Microsoft Excel v16.49.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>GraphPad Prism</div><div>suggested: (GraphPad Prism, RRID:SCR_002798)</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Microsoft Excel</div><div>suggested: (Microsoft Excel, RRID:SCR_016137)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">We used GraphPad Prism 8 version 8.2.1 and Adobe Illustrator to draw and assemble the figures.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Adobe Illustrator</div><div>suggested: (Adobe Illustrator, RRID:SCR_010279)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:

      A limitation of our study is that only linear epitopes were included in the design. Conformational epitopes could be included in further optimization and future designs for improved response. Here, we conceptually demonstrated the applicability of these epitope-scaffolds in detecting epitope-specific antibodies from serological samples. ED2-based ELISA was used to detect IgG antibodies in serum samples from RT-PCR confirmed COVID-19 patients and pre-pandemic samples. Most COVID-19 patients showed strong reactivity against ED2. All pre-pandemic serum samples remained unreactive. Some samples in the COVID-19 group showed low OD readouts similar to healthy samples, suggesting a lack of or a weak seroconversion64,68,69. Next steps may involve testing cross reactivity with patient samples of other coronaviruses. When available, studies may also include the COVID-19 positive samples with known times from symptom onset for better analysis of seroconversion. Nonetheless, our results confirm the usefulness of these epitope-scaffolds for ELISA. We also show the extension of the conventional detection assays to a user-friendly, magnetic nanoparticle-based ELISA approach suitable for a rapid detection of epitope specific antibodies by coupling epitope-scaffolds to magnetic beads. Examples are shown to highlight the utility of epitope-scaffolds; assay optimization may be required before adopting it to specific needs. The magnetic nanoparticle-based ELISA assays are simple to perform and v...

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.17.492310
  39. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.16.22275074
    1
    1. sciscore 20 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.16.22275074: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">IRB: This study was approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee of International Center for chemical and biological Sciences (ICCBS) and institutional review board of the Indus Hospital (Sector 39, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan).<br>Consent: All study participants provided written informed consent before enrolling in the clinical trial.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Patients were excluded if they had any of the following: (1) previous confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection; (2) moderate or critical COVID-19 infection with (a) respiratory failure and requiring mechanical ventilation, (b) shock, or (c) other organ failure requiring intensive care unit (ICU) support; (3) severe primary health conditions associated with cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, pulmonary, hepatic, renal, endocrine and hematological diseases, hematopoietic system (above grade II of cardiac function; ALT & AST are 1.5 times higher than the normal value; Creatinine above the upper limit of normal value) and mental illness or serious diseases affecting their survival, such as cancer or AIDS; (4) administered other antiviral, antibiotics, cough relieving and antihistamine medications within 3 days prior to the visit (including β2 receptor agonists, anticholinergic agents, theophylline, glucocorticoids, cough expectorant and other TCM); (5) history of drug or food allergy; (6) pregnancy, lactating, or fertile women who were planning to conceive in 3 months; and (7) participated in another clinical study in the past 1 month.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">This phase 2-3, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial evaluated the efficacy and safety associated with the use of JHQG among nonhospitalized COVID-19 adult Pakistani patients with mild symptoms.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Patients and investigators in this trial were blinded to the treatment allocation until the completion of the study.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">2.2 Sample Size Calculation: The sample size was based on detecting a 20% difference in recovery from COVID-19 related symptoms.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS (version 23.0; IBM, NY, USA).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>SPSS</div><div>suggested: (SPSS, RRID:SCR_002865)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:

      Various limitations of this trial should be noted. The basic reason for dropout was that the subjects were unable or unwilling to continue the clinical trial and voluntarily requested to withdraw The study included only COVID-19 patients of Pakistani race, and may limit the geographic generalizability of the findings. This study also excluded patients with severe underlying medical conditions, who are at particularly heightened risk of COVID-19 disease progression. Future studies of JHQG in COVID-19 shall focus on evaluating the clinical efficacy and safety of this TCM in such group of patients. In conclusion, our data show that JHQG is a safe and effective treatment for COVID-19 patients with mild symptoms.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: We found the following clinical trial numbers in your paper:<br><table><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Identifier</td><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Status</td><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Title</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">NCT04723524</td><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Completed</td><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Jinhua Qinggan Granules in the Treatment of COVID-19</td></tr></table>

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
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    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.16.22275074
  40. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.16.22275162
    1
    1. sciscore 20 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.16.22275162: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      NIH rigor criteria are not applicable to paper type.

      Table 2: Resources

      No key resources detected.

      Results from OddPub: Thank you for sharing your data.

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:

      Caveats: The present study could not be experimental, and so it lacks the possibility of strong causal inference. Observational studies leave open the possibility of unexamined causal variables. Our study did, however, use reliable data sources encompassing all the states and DC for 300 days, omitting only US territories because predictor data for them were not available. The causality of political climate as a significant factor in COVID-19 spread is plausible for several reasons. First, it is parsimonious, theoretically-grounded, and consistent with a number of studies that used smaller polities (e.g., counties), or were shorter-term, or smaller-scale [32, 42, 45]. Second, the present study found evidence for two plausible mediators of the influence of Republican-trusting political climate on COVID-19 cases and deaths: limited access to health care (assessed in multiple ways) and low public cooperation with COVID-19 prevention behaviors. Although the polity unit of analysis used was somewhat appropriate because state governors often did set COVID-19 policies, it is also somewhat crude both for assessing climate and policies. Stronger results might have obtained with a finer-grained unit of locale for assessing political climate, but the consistency of the present results with studies using a variety of other methods, from anonymous cell phone searches [33, 34] to opinion polls [26, 48] to medical records [42, 45], lends credibility to the findings. The reliably weaker relat...

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
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    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.16.22275162
  41. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.17.22275193
    1
    1. sciscore 20 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.17.22275193: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Consent: Participants who refused to give written informed consent, or had contraindication for veni-puncture, were excluded from the study.<br>IRB: Ethics: Ethical permission was taken from the institute ethics committee of All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi. (Ref.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Cell Line Authentication</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Antibodies</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Detection of SARS-CoV-2-specific IgG antibodies was performed using an ELISA-based test (WANTAI) as per the specified optical density (OD) cut-off value.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>SARS-CoV-2-specific IgG</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Anti-Receptor binding domain (RBD) antibody (IgG) was measured using quantitative RBD ELISA.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Anti-Receptor binding domain (RBD</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">The test reported the Anti-RBD IgG antibodies in ELU/ml.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Anti-RBD IgG</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">After incubation, anti-RBD antibodies were captured by immobilized RBD protein while the unbound components were washed away.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>anti-RBD</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">WANTAI SARS-CoV-2 Antibody ELISA: It was an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the qualitative detection of total antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 virus in human serum or plasma specimens (anti-SARS-CoV2 IgA, IgG and IgM antibodies).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>anti-SARS-CoV2 IgA, IgG</div><div>suggested: None</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>IgM</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">In wells containing the antigen-antibody-antigen (HRP) “sandwich” immune-complex, the colorless Chromogens are hydrolyzed by the bound HRP conjugate to a blue-colored product.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>antigen-antibody-antigen (HRP</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Wells containing specimens negative for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies remained colorless.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>SARS-CoV-2</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Experimental Models: Cell Lines</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Plaque Reduction Neutralization Test (PRNT): PRNT for SARS-CoV-2 on Vero E6 cells was done to measure the neutralizing antibodies (SOP No.: THSTI/BL/TEC/039 Version: 1.0).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Vero E6</div><div>suggested: RRID:CVCL_XD71)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:

      Limitations: Symptoms and history of contact were self-reported hence making it vulnerable to recall error.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
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    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.17.22275193
  42. www.biorxiv.org www.biorxiv.org
    https://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.16.492068
    1
    1. sciscore 20 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.16.492068: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      NIH rigor criteria are not applicable to paper type.

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Data on ACE2 orthologs were obtained from the NCBI Gene database (GeneID: 59272; list of all orthologs downloaded 16 March 2022).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>NCBI Gene</div><div>suggested: None</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>GeneID</div><div>suggested: (GeneID, RRID:SCR_021639)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Evaluating phylogenetic clustering: Amino acid sequences for all ACE2 orthologs were downloaded from the NCBI protein database and aligned using the E-INS-i option of MAFFT version 7.471 (Katoh and Standley, 2013).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>NCBI</div><div>suggested: (NCBI, RRID:SCR_006472)</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>MAFFT</div><div>suggested: (MAFFT, RRID:SCR_011811)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">We also obtained a phylogeny reflecting the estimated divergence dates of all amniotes from TimeTree version 4 (Kumar et al., 2017).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>TimeTree</div><div>suggested: (TimeTree, RRID:SCR_021162)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">We also summarised the amino acids at each variable alignment position using the physicochemical properties hydrophobicity, polarity, net charge, and Van der Waals volume (‘AA properties’, 1841 features), with values for individual amino acids obtained from the AAindex database (accessions JURD980101, ZIMJ680103, KLEP840101, FAUJ880103) (Fauchère et al., 1988; Juretić et al., 1998; Kawashima et al., 1999; Klein et al., 1984; Zimmerman et al., 1968).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>AAindex</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: Thank you for sharing your data.

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:

      By cataloguing available data on sarbecovirus host range, we show that while a variety of ACE2-based approaches produce relatively sensitive and specific predictions, these predictions largely derive from strong correlations with host phylogeny, and limitations and biases in their input data limit their actionability. Models based on host phylogeny alone perform equivalently, enabling scalable prediction across nearly all mammals, but imply that in the absence of additional metrics of inter-species exposures, vast numbers of species would need to be surveyed with limited geographic or taxonomic focus. ACE2 sequences showed surprising accuracy for predicting sarbecovirus host range, both in the formally-trained models produced here and in earlier heuristics. However, various lines of evidence suggest the predictive power of ACE2-based models derives primarily from phylogenetic correlation. First, susceptibility to sarbecovirus infection was highly conserved, clustering in patterns consistent with the evolutionary history of potential host species. Second, ACE2 is also evolutionarily conserved, and a phylogeny derived from ACE2 sequences was highly congruent with one reflecting broader evolutionary history. Third, commonly-used approaches for representing ACE2 sequence differences are largely equivalent in the amount of susceptibility information carried (Figure 2 & Supplementary figure S4), despite measuring very different aspects of ACE2 sequence variation and its interaction...

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

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    URL

    biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.16.492068
  43. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.17.22275205
    1
    1. sciscore 20 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.17.22275205: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      NIH rigor criteria are not applicable to paper type.

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">The simulation is conducted with matlab, and the in build function fminunc is used to minimize the error functions.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>matlab</div><div>suggested: (MATLAB, RRID:SCR_001622)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: Thank you for sharing your code.

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

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    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.17.22275205
  44. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.15.22275107
    1
    1. sciscore 20 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.15.22275107: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      NIH rigor criteria are not applicable to paper type.

      Table 2: Resources

      No key resources detected.

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.15.22275107
  45. www.biorxiv.org www.biorxiv.org
    https://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.16.492178
    1
    1. sciscore 20 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.16.492178: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      NIH rigor criteria are not applicable to paper type.

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">All other parameters of MAFFT were kept at their default values.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>MAFFT</div><div>suggested: (MAFFT, RRID:SCR_011811)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: Thank you for sharing your data.

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No funding statement was detected.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

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    URL

    biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.16.492178
  46. www.biorxiv.org www.biorxiv.org
    https://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.16.492158
    1
    1. sciscore 20 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.16.492158: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Consent: Demographic information was self-reported, and all subjects provided informed consent.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sera were collected 3-4 weeks post-second vaccine dose for 15 HCWs (7 female and 8 male; median age 37; age range 31-56), which included 4 Moderna mRNA-1273 and 11 Pfizer/BioNTech BNT162b2 vaccinated HCWs.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Cell Line Authentication</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Antibodies</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Once dissociated, cells were fixed in 4% formaldehyde diluted in 1X PBS and stained with primary antibody anti-S1 (Sino Biological, 40150-T62).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>anti-S1</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Cells were then stained with secondary antibody anti-rabbit-IgG-FITC (Sigma, F9887) and processed by a Life Technologies Attune NxT flow cytometer.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>anti-rabbit-IgG-FITC</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Membranes were blotted with anti-S1 (Sino Biological, 40150-T62), anti-p24 (Abcam, ab63917; NIH ARP-1513), and anti-GAPDH (Santa Cruz Biotech, sc-47724).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>anti-GAPDH</div><div>suggested: (Santa Cruz Biotechnology Cat# sc-47724, RRID:AB_627678)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Anti-mouse-IgG-Peroxidase (Sigma, A5278) and anti-rabbit-IgG-HRP (Sigma, A9169) were used as secondary antibodies accordingly.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Anti-mouse-IgG-Peroxidase</div><div>suggested: None</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>anti-rabbit-IgG-HRP</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Experimental Models: Cell Lines</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">HEK293T (ATCC CRL-11268, RRID: CVCL_1926) and HEK293T-ACE2 (BEI NR-52511, RRID: CVCL_A7UK) cells were maintained in DMEM (Gibco, 11965-092) supplemented with 10% FBS (Sigma, F1051) and 1% penicillin-streptomycin (HyClone, SV30010).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>HEK293T</div><div>detected: (ATCC Cat# CRL-11268, RRID:CVCL_1926)</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>HEK293T-ACE2</div><div>detected: ( RRID:CVCL_A7UK)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">CaLu-3 cells (RRID: CVCL_0609) were maintained in EMEM (ATCC 30-2003) supplemented with 10% FBS and 1% penicillin-streptomycin.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>CaLu-3</div><div>detected: (ATCC Cat# HTB-55, RRID:CVCL_0609)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">pNL4-3-inGluc and spike constructs were transfected into HEK-293T cells in a 2:1 ration using polyethylenimine transfection.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>HEK-293T</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Pseudotyped virus for each SARS-CoV-2 spike, produced in parallel, were used to infect target HEK293T-ACE2 or CaLu-3 cells.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>CaLu-3</div><div>suggested: KCLB Cat# 30055, RRID:CVCL_0609)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Virus and serum were incubated for 1 hr at 37°C and then added to HEK293T-ACE2 cells for infection by neutralized virus.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>HEK293T-ACE2</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Spike detection by flow cytometry: HEK293T cells used to produce pseudotyped vectors were harvested and fixed 72 hrs after transfection.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>HEK293T</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Recombinant DNA</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">GenScript Biotech (Piscataway, NJ) produced and cloned SARS-CoV-2 spike constructs with N- and C-terminal flag tags using Kpn I and BamH I restriction enzyme cloning into a pcDNA3.1 vector.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>pcDNA3.1</div><div>suggested: RRID:Addgene_79663)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">pNL4-3-inGluc and spike constructs were transfected into HEK-293T cells in a 2:1 ration using polyethylenimine transfection.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>pNL4-3-inGluc</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">NT50 values were determined by least-squares-fit, non-linear regression in GraphPad Prism 9 (San Diego, CA).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>GraphPad</div><div>suggested: (GraphPad Prism, RRID:SCR_002798)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Results were analyzed using FlowJo v7.6.5 (Ashland, OR).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>FlowJo</div><div>suggested: (FlowJo, RRID:SCR_008520)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">NT50 values were determined by least-squares fit non-linear regression in GraphPad Prism 9.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>GraphPad Prism</div><div>suggested: (GraphPad Prism, RRID:SCR_002798)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Western Blot quantification was performed using NIH ImageJ and by setting the ratio of S1/S and S1/p24 of BA.2 to 1.00.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>ImageJ</div><div>suggested: (ImageJ, RRID:SCR_003070)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

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    URL

    biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.16.492158
  47. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.12.22274953
    1
    1. sciscore 20 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.12.22274953: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Consent: After expressing willingness to participate, the RA asked if the respondent was: 18 years or older; a resident of Arkansas; able to understand and speak English or Spanish; and willing to provide informed consent.<br>IRB: Study procedures were approved by an institutional review board for the protection of human subjects (# 260974).</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Land lines were a random sample of all known land lines in Arkansas.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Statistical Analyses: Data was collected using computer assisted telephone interviews with data stored in a Research Electronic Data Capture (RedCap) database.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>RedCap</div><div>suggested: (REDCap, RRID:SCR_003445)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Stata version SE 16.1 (StataCorp LLC, College Station, TX) was used to manage and analyze data.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>StataCorp</div><div>suggested: (Stata, RRID:SCR_012763)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:

      This study has some limitations which should be noted. First, the sample includes the population of only one state. Therefore, findings are generalizable only within Arkansas. Even so, given similarities with the populations of other Southern states, our findings are likely more broadly indicative of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance in the South. Although non-response rates were reduced and survey results were weighted, response bias can still impact interpretations due to response patterns. Additionally, the survey was conducted just before the FDA approved the two mRNA vaccines currently available in the U.S. While the media were reporting the imminent emergency approval of the vaccines while the survey was ongoing, we were unable to assess the acceptance after formal approval of the vaccines.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
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    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.12.22274953
  48. www.biorxiv.org www.biorxiv.org
    https://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.16.492112
    1
    1. sciscore 20 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.16.492112: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Euthanasia Agents: Intranasal infection of live SARS-CoV2 (SARS-Related Coronavirus 2, Isolate USA-WA1/2020)105PFU/ 100μl or with DMEM mock control was established with the help of catheter under mild anesthetized by using ketamine (150mg/kg) and xylazine (10mg/kg) intraperitoneal injection inside ABSL3 facility.<br>IACUC: All the experimental protocols involving the handling of virus culture and animal infection were approved by RCGM, institutional biosafety and IAEC (IAEC/THSTI/105) animal ethics committee.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Isolation of murine BMDNs and human peripheral neutrophils: Murine bone marrow-derived neutrophils were isolated from femur and tibia bones of C57BL/6 wild-type male mice (20–25 g, 12–16 weeks) using the method described previously (71).</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Assessment for the histological score was carried out through blind scoring for each sample by a professional histologist on a scale of 0-5 (where 0 indicated absence of histological feature while 5 indicated highest score).</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Cell Line Authentication</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Antibodies</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">After centrifugation at 1700 x g for 30 min with acceleration 5 m/s2 and deceleration 4 m/s2, band between 81% and 62% were harvested and assessed for their viability by Trypan blue and purity by anti-Ly6G and anti-CD11b antibodies.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>anti-Ly6G</div><div>suggested: None</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>anti-CD11b</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">In a parallel experiment, immunofluorescence staining of BMDNs and PMNs was carried out using mouse anti-MPO and rabbit anti-H4Cit3 antibodies.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>anti-MPO</div><div>suggested: None</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>anti-H4Cit3</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">After fixation and blocking, samples were incubated overnight with 1:100 dilution of primary antibodies and were visualized after incubation with the secondary antibodies (1:200, anti-mice AF488 and anti-rabbit AF594) using the confocal microscope (Olympus FV3000) at 100X resolution.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>anti-mice</div><div>suggested: (AgriSera Cat# AS04 040, RRID:AB_2226396)</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>anti-rabbit</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Experimental Models: Cell Lines</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">titration: SARS-Related Coronavirus 2, Isolate USA-WA1/2020 virus was grown and titrated in Vero E6 cell line cultured in Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM) complete media containing 4.5 g/L D-glucose, 100,000 U/L Penicillin-Streptomycin, 100 mg/L sodium pyruvate, 25mM HEPES and 2% FBS.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Vero E6</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Experimental Models: Organisms/Strains</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Isolation of murine BMDNs and human peripheral neutrophils: Murine bone marrow-derived neutrophils were isolated from femur and tibia bones of C57BL/6 wild-type male mice (20–25 g, 12–16 weeks) using the method described previously (71).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>C57BL/6</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">The cells were then taken for flow cytometry using BD FACSCantoII and data was analysed with FlowJo software.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>FlowJo</div><div>suggested: (FlowJo, RRID:SCR_008520)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Multiple group comparisons have been performed using one-way ANOVA followed by the Bonferroni test using GraphPad Prism 8.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>GraphPad Prism</div><div>suggested: (GraphPad Prism, RRID:SCR_002798)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: We found the following clinical trial numbers in your paper:<br><table><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Identifier</td><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Status</td><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Title</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">NCT04553705</td><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Recruiting</td><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Omega-3, Nigella Sativa, Indian Costus, Quinine, Anise Seed,…</td></tr></table>

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

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    URL

    biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.16.492112
  49. www.biorxiv.org www.biorxiv.org
    https://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.17.491668
    1
    1. sciscore 20 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.17.491668: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Clones with confirmed expression of SARS-CoV-2 and positive control polypeptides were randomly re-arrayed in duplicate along with multiple replicates of the NG negative control into 384-well plates.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Recombinant DNA</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Design of the SARS-CoV-2 Plasmid Library: To generate a SARS-CoV-2 plasmid library for use in the ATLAS assay (described below and Fig 1), a consensus sequence was derived by aligning 1676 sequences available on NCBI as of May 2020 to the SARS-CoV-2 reference sequence (NC_045512) using the Geneious Prime software (Biomatters).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>SARS-CoV-2</div><div>suggested: RRID:Addgene_164583)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No funding statement was detected.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.17.491668
  50. www.biorxiv.org www.biorxiv.org
    https://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.17.492198
    1
    1. sciscore 20 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.17.492198: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      NIH rigor criteria are not applicable to paper type.

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Antibodies</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">The antihuman tapasin antibodies PaSta1(46) and the anti-HLA-A2 antibody BB7.2(47) have been reported previously.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>antihuman tapasin</div><div>suggested: None</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>anti-HLA-A2</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Mouse anti-human EGFR antibody conjugated to Alexa Fluor® 647(352917)</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>anti-human EGFR</div><div>suggested: (BioLegend Cat# 352918, RRID:AB_2650984)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">, mouse anti-human CD47 antibody conjugated to APC (323123) and anti-HA Alexa Fluor® 488 anti-HA.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>anti-human CD47</div><div>suggested: (BioLegend Cat# 323123, RRID:AB_2716202)</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>anti-HA</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Machamer(8), and antibodies to ORF7a (GTX632602) and ORF8 (GTX135591) were purchased from GeneTex.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>GTX135591</div><div>suggested: (GeneTex Cat# GTX135591, RRID:AB_2887502)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">We used a mouse monoclonal antibody to GM130 (BDB610822, from BD Sciences) and a rabbit polyclonal antibody to GM130 (11308 from Proteintech) for Golgi staining.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>GM130</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">The HLA-ABC antibody (clone YTH862.2) was purchased from Novus for immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence imaging of MHC-I heavy chains.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>HLA-ABC</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Experimental Models: Cell Lines</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Lentiviral particles were generated in HEK293T cells transfected with the packaging vector pCL-Ampho (Imgenex) and the construct of interest using Transit®-Lenti (Mirus) in Opti-MEM (Invitrogen), followed by two rounds of transduction of the recipient cell line with 8 μg/ml Polybrene (Millipore)</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>HEK293T</div><div>suggested: RRID:CVCL_HA71)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Cell culture: VeroE6, HeLaM and HEK293T cells and derivatives were grown in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (Sigma) supplemented with 10% fetal calf serum (HyClone) and 1% penicillin/streptomycin (Invitrogen)</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>HeLaM</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Inducible cell lines: HeLaM cells expressing inducible ORF7a (HeLaM-iORF7a) or HEK293T-hAce2 cells expressing inducible proteins (HEK293T-hAce2+iORF7a or HEK293T-hAce2+iORF7a-ARA) were generated by lentiviral transduction of the plasmid encoding the protein of interest followed by puromycin selection (2 ug/ml).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>HEK293T-hAce2</div><div>suggested: RRID:CVCL_A7UK)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">HEK293T-hAce2 cell line and its variants were again transduced with a plasmid encoding the fusion protein of HA-tagged ubiquitin and LMP2A derived peptide (HA-Ub-pLMP2A) to generate HEK293T-hAce2+ipLMP2A, HEK293T-hAce2+iORF7a+ipLMP2A, HEK293T-hAce2+iORF7a-ARA+ipLMP2A.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>HEK293T-hAce2+ipLMP2A</div><div>suggested: None</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>HEK293T-hAce2+iORF7a+ipLMP2A</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Viral titers were determined by plaque assay on Vero E6 cells.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Vero E6</div><div>suggested: RRID:CVCL_XD71)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Metabolic labeling and immunoprecipitation: HeLaM-iORF7a cells were incubated in cysteine- and methionine-free Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium supplemented with 5% dialyzed fetal bovine serum (Invitrogen), 1% Glutamax, 1% penicillin/streptomycin for 1 h, followed by labeling with [35S]methionine/cysteine (PerkinElmer Life Sciences) in the same medium for 15 min.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>HeLaM-iORF7a</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Recombinant DNA</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">pCAGGS vector encoding untagged viral proteins ORF3a, ORF7a, ORF8 and ORF7a-ARA were generated by Gibson assembly by PCR amplification from their respective HA-tagged constructs in pCAGGS(43).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>pCAGGS</div><div>suggested: RRID:Addgene_127347)</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>pCAGGS(43</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Plasmid pTRIPZ-puro-ORF7a-WT or ARA was generated by Gibson assembly by the PCR amplification of the genes of interest from their respective pcAGGS constructs and pTRIPZ-puro vector backbone digested with AgeI and EcoRI according to the manufacturer’s instructions.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>pTRIPZ-puro-ORF7a-WT</div><div>suggested: None</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>pTRIPZ-puro</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">pTRIPZ-puro-HA-Ub was generated by Gibson assembly by PCR amplification of HA-tagged ubiquitin gene from the plasmid HA-Ubiquitin which was a gift from Edward Yeh (Addgene plasmid # 18712) and pTRIPZ-puro digested with AgeI and XhoI.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>pTRIPZ-puro-HA-Ub</div><div>suggested: None</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>HA-Ubiquitin</div><div>suggested: RRID:Addgene_18712)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">This plasmid was digested with EcoRI, and was used along with single stranded DNA primers encoding pLMP2A with 20 bp overlap with the vector in a Gibson assembly reaction according to the manufacturer’s instructions to generate pTRIPZ-puro-HA-Ub-pLMP2A.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>pLMP2A</div><div>suggested: None</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>pTRIPZ-puro-HA-Ub-pLMP2A</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Lentiviral particles were generated in HEK293T cells transfected with the packaging vector pCL-Ampho (Imgenex) and the construct of interest using Transit®-Lenti (Mirus) in Opti-MEM (Invitrogen), followed by two rounds of transduction of the recipient cell line with 8 μg/ml Polybrene (Millipore)</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>pCL-Ampho</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Cell lines generated: HEK293T cells expressing human Ace2 (HEK293T-hAce2) were generated by lentiviral transduction of cells with pLEX307-ACE2-blast, the vector encoding human ACE2, followed by selection with balsticidin (10 ug/ml).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>pLEX307-ACE2-blast</div><div>suggested: RRID:Addgene_158449)</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Cells were washed three times with FACS buffer after incubation with primary and secondary antibody, and analyzed using FACSCalibur (BD Biosciences) and FlowJo software (Tree Star).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>FACSCalibur</div><div>suggested: None</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>FlowJo</div><div>suggested: (FlowJo, RRID:SCR_008520)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Colocalization of ORF7a with GRP94 and GM130, respectively, were analyzed by Colocalization Threshold function of Fiji.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Fiji</div><div>suggested: (Fiji, RRID:SCR_002285)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Analysis of interaction energy (vdW and electrostatic) throughout the 100 ns simulation was performed using “NAMD Energy” analysis tool available as part of VMD (68).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Energy”</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Binding free energy changes (ΔG) were estimated through molecular mechanics Poisson-Boltzmann surface area (MM-PBSA) method (70) using CaFE 1.0 tool (71) combined with VMD (68) over the course of entire 100 ns MD simulation runs.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>CaFE</div><div>suggested: (CAFE, RRID:SCR_005983)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">All structures were visualized in PyMOL and images were created in PyMOL (The PyMOL Molecular Graphics System, Version 2.0 Schrödinger, LLC).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>PyMOL</div><div>suggested: (PyMOL, RRID:SCR_000305)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: Thank you for sharing your data.

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.17.492198
  51. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.16.22274439
    1
    1. sciscore 20 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.16.22274439: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Consent: Twenty-three self-referred patients were evaluated between January to September 2021 for new onset of potential symptoms of polyneuropathy (sensory, motor, or autonomic) within 1 month of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination were enrolled after consent to an IRB approved study at the National Institutes of Health (protocol # 15-N-00125).</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Antibodies</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">12 Multiplex fluorescence immunohistochemistry was performed by incubating sections with 5% normal donkey serum (Jackson ImmunoResearch, West Grove, PA) for 1 hour, then overnight at room temperature using 0.5-5 μg/ml mixtures of immunocompatible antibodies (anti-human IgG, anti-human IgM and anti-CD31 (Leica Biosystems; NCL-L-IgG; NCL-L-IgM and PA0414); anti-C1q (Dako; A0136); anti-C4d (Biomedica; BIRC4D and anti-NFH (Aves Labs), followed by a 1 µg/ml mixture of appropriately cross-adsorbed secondary antibodies raised in donkey (Thermo Fisher, Waltham, MA; Jackson ImmunoResearch) and conjugated to one of the following spectrally compatible fluorophores: Alexa Fluor 488, Alexa Fluor 546, and Alexa Fluor 647.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>anti-CD31</div><div>suggested: (Bioss Cat# bs-0468R-A488, RRID:AB_2714016)</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>PA0414)</div><div>suggested: None</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>anti-C1q</div><div>suggested: (Agilent Cat# A0136, RRID:AB_2335698)</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>anti-C4d</div><div>suggested: (Biomedica Cat# BI-RC4D, RRID:AB_1944063)</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>anti-NFH</div><div>suggested: (Antibodies Incorporated Cat# NFH, RRID:AB_2313552)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.16.22274439
  52. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.15.22273842
    1
    1. sciscore 19 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.15.22273842: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Simulations and figure drawings were implemented via Matlab programs.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Matlab</div><div>suggested: (MATLAB, RRID:SCR_001622)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.15.22273842
  53. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.16.22275147
    1
    1. sciscore 19 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.16.22275147: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      NIH rigor criteria are not applicable to paper type.

      Table 2: Resources

      No key resources detected.

      Results from OddPub: Thank you for sharing your code and data.

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:

      While our framework can enhance understanding and quantification of surveillance noise, it has several limitations. First, it depends on renewal model descriptions of epidemics [26]. These models assume homogeneous mixing and that the generation time distribution of the disease is known. While the inclusion of more realistic network-based mixing may not improve transmissibility estimates [53] (and this extra complexity may occlude insights), the generation time assumption is a true constraint that may only be ameliorated through the provision of updated, high quality line-list data [54]. Further, our analysis is contingent on having knowledge of the delays, under-ascertainment rates and other noise sources within data. These may be unavailable or themselves highly unreliable. To include this additional uncertainty is an important next step for this work, which will likely involve recomputing our metrics using posterior Fisher information terms [34, 55] that allow prior distributions on the noise parameters. We also assumed that the time scale chosen ensures that Rt parameters are independent. This may be invalid. In such instances we can append non-diagonal terms to Fisher information matrices or use our metric as an upper bound. Last, we defined the reliability or informativeness of a data stream in terms of minimising the joint uncertainty of the entire sequence of reproduction numbers . This is known as a D-optimal design [38]. However, we may instead want to minimise the ...

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.16.22275147
  54. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.16.22275120
    1
    1. sciscore 19 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.16.22275120: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      NIH rigor criteria are not applicable to paper type.

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">In this process, we included five clinical stakeholders (health care professionals) and five guideline developers from German university hospitals, medical societies and Cochrane Germany to identify both the required information for practical use of clinical guideline recommendations and the metadata that is required to assess e.g. the credibility and strength of recommendations, as well as the information required to connect individual recommendations to their underlying evidence from systematic reviews of primary studies.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Cochrane Germany</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">The Cochrane PICO Ontology guided discussions for medical relationships among the recommendation contents [15].</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Cochrane PICO Ontology</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Automated syntax and code checking were performed using the HL7 FHIR validator as implemented in the FSH validator python package (version 0.2.2; [17]).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>python</div><div>suggested: (IPython, RRID:SCR_001658)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: Thank you for sharing your code and data.

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:

      Our proposed FHIR-based representation of guideline recommendations has three main limitations: First, it is based on EBMonFHIR resources, which are mostly at a low maturity level and subject to frequent, even breaking, changes. The implementation guide therefore needs to be constantly kept in synchronization with current developments of EBMonFHIR resources. However, this is ensured by our active collaboration and participation in the development of the EBMonFHIR resources. Second, there is currently no execution engine available for our representation format that would allow to automatically integrate the recommended interventions with clinical data to provide clinical decision support. However, a prototype implementation for such an execution engine to be used with clinical data in the OMOP common data model (CDM) format is currently being developed. Additionally, translators may be implemented that translate the FHIR-based representation to other guideline recommendation formalisms that already have an execution engine implemented (e.g. the GLIF3 execution engine or the SAGE execution engine for EON [35,36]). Third, not all information for guideline recommendation execution can be expressed in current FHIR resources: The dependence and relationship between recommendations from the same or different guidelines cannot be modeled in the PlanDefinition resource without the introduction of extensions. We expect that in the maturation process of resources from the Clinical Decis...

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.16.22275120
  55. www.biorxiv.org www.biorxiv.org
    https://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.16.492045
    1
    1. sciscore 19 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.16.492045: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Drug-resistant clones were randomly selected and their genomic DNA was sequenced.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Cell Line Authentication</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Experimental Models: Cell Lines</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Cells and virus: Vero/TMPRSS2 cells (19) were kindly provided by Dr. Makoto Takeda, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Japan, and maintained in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM, Nacalai Tesque, Kyoto, Japan) supplemented with 10 % fetal bovine serum (FBS), 100 units/mL of penicillin, and 100 μg/mL of streptomycin.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Vero/TMPRSS2</div><div>suggested: JCRB Cat# JCRB1818, RRID:CVCL_YQ48)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">The successful isolation of viruses was confirmed by rRT-PCR, and isolates were propagated in Vero -RcACE2 cells, with aliquots being stored at −80 °C.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Vero -RcACE2</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Experimental Models: Organisms/Strains</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Libraries of Rc-mk2 and Rc-kw8 strains were sequenced using a Novaseq 6000 sequencer (Illumina), whereas those of Rc-os20 were sequenced using a DNBSEQ-G400RS (MGI) sequencer.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Rc-kw8</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Recombinant DNA</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Establishment of ACE2-stably expressing cells: We constructed a plasmid, pCAGGS-blast, by inserting the XhoI-EcoRV fragment of pMXs-IRES-Bsd (20), which contains the encephalomyocarditis virus internal ribosomal entry site and blasticidin-resistant gene, into the XhoI and StuI sites of the pCAGGS-MCS vector.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>pMXs-IRES-Bsd</div><div>suggested: None</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>pCAGGS-MCS</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Open reading frame (ORF) sequences of RcACE2 or hACE2 were PCR-amplified from pCAGGS-RcACE2- or pCAGGS-hACE2-expressing plasmids (10) and cloned into EcoRI- and XhoI-digested pCAGGS-blast plasmids using NEBuilder (New England Biolabs, Ipswich, MA, USA).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>pCAGGS-RcACE2-</div><div>suggested: None</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>pCAGGS-hACE2-expressing</div><div>suggested: None</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>pCAGGS-blast</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Vero/TMPRSS2 cells were transfected with pCAGGS-blast-RcACE2 or pCAGGS-blast-hACE2 plasmids using the PEI MAX transfection reagent (Polysciences, Warrington, PA, USA)</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>pCAGGS-blast-RcACE2</div><div>suggested: None</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>pCAGGS-blast-hACE2</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">The target sequence for the ACE2 gene (5′-TGCTGCTCAGTCCACCATTG-3′) was designed using CRISPR direct (https://crispr.dbcls.jp) and cloned into plentiCRISPR plasmids (21) (Addgene plasmid #52961, a gift from Dr. Feng Zhang) using NEBuilder (NEB).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>plentiCRISPR</div><div>suggested: RRID:Addgene_102315)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Vero/TMPRSS2 cells were transfected with an ACE2-targeting plasmid using PEI MAX (Polysciences).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>ACE2-targeting</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Read sequences were mapped to the Rc-o319 genome sequence (GenBank accession No. LC556375) and sarbecoviral sequences were determined using the CLC genomic workbench version 8.0.1 (Qiagen, https://www.qiagen.com) software.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>https://www.qiagen.com</div><div>suggested: (QIAGEN, RRID:SCR_008539)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Phylogenetic analysis: The nucleotide sequences of sarbecoviruses were aligned using ClustalW version 2.1 (Clustal, https://www.clustal.org).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>ClustalW</div><div>suggested: (ClustalW, RRID:SCR_017277)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Phylogenetic trees were then constructed by performing a maximum-likelihood analysis using MEGA version X (22) in combination with 500 bootstrap replicates.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>MEGA</div><div>suggested: (Mega BLAST, RRID:SCR_011920)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: Thank you for sharing your data.

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.16.492045
  56. www.biorxiv.org www.biorxiv.org
    https://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.16.492062
    1
    1. sciscore 19 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.16.492062: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      NIH rigor criteria are not applicable to paper type.

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Experimental Models: Cell Lines</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sequencing data analysis: The original RNA-seq and Ribo-seq data (Calu3 cells infected with SARS-COV-2 for 7h) were downloaded form Gene Expression Omnibus database (GEO) under accession number GSE149973[9], In brief, all raw sequencing data low quality reads and linker were removed using fastp[10].</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Calu3</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">2.2. Proteomic and RNC-seq expression data: Proteomic (quantitative technique: DIA, A549 cells infected with SARS-COV-2 for 24h) and RNC-seq (human HBE cell line) expression data were extracted from two independent studies supplementary materials, respectively[13,14]. 2.3.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>A549</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sequencing data analysis: The original RNA-seq and Ribo-seq data (Calu3 cells infected with SARS-COV-2 for 7h) were downloaded form Gene Expression Omnibus database (GEO) under accession number GSE149973[9], In brief, all raw sequencing data low quality reads and linker were removed using fastp[10].</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Gene Expression Omnibus</div><div>suggested: (Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO, RRID:SCR_005012)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Lineage assignment using Pangolin lineage command line tool v3.0 (https://github.com/cov-lineages/pangolin) with standard model[15]. 2.4. Ka/Ks and charge evolution analysis: Due to high closely related (identity ∼ 99%) of SARS-COV-2 genomes, we used MAFFT v7 as multiple sequence aligner[16].</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>MAFFT</div><div>suggested: (MAFFT, RRID:SCR_011811)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">PyMol was used to calculate the surface electrostatic potential by Adaptive Poisson Boltzmann solver (APBS), the color scale range was set from −1.0 to 1.0 kT/Å.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>PyMol</div><div>suggested: (PyMOL, RRID:SCR_000305)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.16.492062
  57. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.16.22275128
    1
    1. sciscore 19 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.16.22275128: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      NIH rigor criteria are not applicable to paper type.

      Table 2: Resources

      No key resources detected.

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.16.22275128
  58. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.11.22274952
    1
    1. sciscore 19 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.11.22274952: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">IRB: Ethical approval: The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of Santiago de Compostela-Lugo (2020/578).<br>Consent: Informed consent was obtained from all patients for being included in the study.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Patients were randomly selected from the complete cohort of patients admitted to hospital with SARS-CoV-2 infection.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Antibodies</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">The detection of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgM antibodies was performed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and results were provided quantitatively [23, 24].</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgM</div><div>suggested: (Bethyl Cat# E88-302, RRID:AB_2892019)</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Statistical analysis: Statistical analysis was performed by using SPSS 22.0 statistical software (SPSS Inc, Chicago, IL).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>SPSS</div><div>suggested: (SPSS, RRID:SCR_002865)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:

      Limitations and strengths: This was a prospective single-center study of real clinical practice carried out in elderly Caucasian patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection from the northwest region of Spain (Galicia) who exhibited similar features than elderly people from the western European countries. Our results should be interpreted with caution when applying them to other population, race or ethnicity. The sample was not the total population of patients admitted for SARS-CoV-2 in the unit, so the results could be susceptible to a certain sampling error. Although patients were evaluated prospectively, baseline clinical and laboratory data were collected at one point during admission, so some changes in these variables may be relevant and provide more information. Assessing comparability between groups on some variables was complicated because of a low frequency of events of interest in some categories, which could make some results less accurate. Regarding the results, we found that younger patients with lower body weight had higher mortality, although it is known that they were patients with a higher degree of cognitive impairment who were probably in a poorer nutritional status. On the other hand, current or former smokers presented a higher number of non-fatal events in some comparison groups. However, in most cases the smoking abuse was stopped more than 10-15 years ago, so a strong implication of that differences on the results would be unlikely. In another vein, the frequen...

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.11.22274952
  59. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.12.22274989
    1
    1. sciscore 19 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.12.22274989: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">IRB: The trial and the Investigational New Drug application were approved by the ethics committee of the Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, and Thailand’s Food and Drug Administration, respectively.<br>Consent: All participants provided written informed consent.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Statistical analysis was conducted with Stata 15 (Statacorp LLC, College Station, TX, USA).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Statacorp</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:

      The limitations of this study include: the sample size is small due to the phase 1 uncontrolled dose-finding design. The exploratory comparative immunogenicity analyses with convalescent sera or Pfizer/BNT vaccinees’ sera are not direct head-to-head comparisons and can contain bias. Convalescent sera were collected during the rise of the Delta variant outbreak, and possibly antibody responses are stronger against Delta than WT. To minimize bias, the convalescent and Pfizer/BNT vaccinees’ serum samples were tested at the same laboratories together with the ChulaCov19 vaccinated samples. In addition, a RCT phase 2 study has commenced and a larger scale immune-bridging, non-inferiority phase 3 study is planned. In summary, ChulaCov19 mRNA vaccine is well tolerated and elicited strong SARS-CoV2 specific B- and T-cell immunogenicity and is currently under Phase 2 and later clinical development.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: We found the following clinical trial numbers in your paper:<br><table><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Identifier</td><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Status</td><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Title</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">NCT04566276</td><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Active, not recruiting</td><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">ChulaCov19 Vaccine in Healthy Adults</td></tr></table>

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.12.22274989
  60. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.11.22274979
    1
    1. sciscore 19 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.11.22274979: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      NIH rigor criteria are not applicable to paper type.

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Antibodies</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">To further account for this possibility, we adda new set of equations as shown below: p denotes antigen-like substances in the environment; q denotes antibodies bound to antigen-like substances in the environment.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>antigen-like</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Assuming that the number of individuals in the population is N, the antibody virus complex in each individual is represented as xi, the concentration of antibodies is represented as yi, virus concentration is represented as zi, environmental antigenic substances is represented as pi, and the antibody-environment antigen complex is represented as qi.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>antibody-environment</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Matlab codes can be accessed at: https://github.com/zhaobinxu23/antibody_dynamics_agent-based_model</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Matlab</div><div>suggested: (MATLAB, RRID:SCR_001622)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: Thank you for sharing your code.

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:

      However, a critical limitation of the Markov chain model is the antibody waning effects does not follow simple mathematical function. As shown in Figure 1B, the declination of protection effects brought by antibodies cannot be represented as simple mathematic equation. Therefore, we developed an antibody dynamic theory and attempted to integrate the antibody information into the prediction of population morbidity. Our antibody dynamics model can well explain the protection cycle of vaccines or primary infection, it can also be used to predict the protection duration of natural infection or vaccination [20]. The application of ordinary differential equations is much more accurate and physically reliable compared to the usage of simple math functions. This model is a deterministic model which could generate a fixed morbidity landscape given specific population contact matrix and the antibody dynamic parameters for each individual within certain group. The antibody concentration together with the virus loading amount within host body can more explicitly and accurately reflect the probability of infection and the number of viruses released to the environment at different time points, which provides a significant improvement toward our previous Markov chain model. Meanwhile, this deterministic agent-based model inherits the benefits of Markov-chain model. Each individual is affected by the state of its surrounding agents by the application of contact matrix. He can spread the viru...

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.11.22274979
  61. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.12.22274991
    1
    1. sciscore 19 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.12.22274991: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">We analyzed RNA-sequencing data from two NCBI Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database: GSE163151 (11) and GSE152075 (12) to comparing the expression of RGS2 in SARS-CoV-2 positive and negative nasopharyngeal epithelial cells.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Gene Expression Omnibus</div><div>suggested: (Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO, RRID:SCR_005012)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">For this analysis we applied a generalized linear model under the standard DESeq2 method (13).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>DESeq2</div><div>suggested: (DESeq, RRID:SCR_000154)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Figures were plotted using GraphPad Prism version 9.3.1 for Windows, GraphPad Software, La Jolla, CA, USA.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>GraphPad Prism</div><div>suggested: (GraphPad Prism, RRID:SCR_002798)</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>GraphPad</div><div>suggested: (GraphPad Prism, RRID:SCR_002798)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: Thank you for sharing your data.

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.12.22274991
  62. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.11.22274937
    1
    1. sciscore 19 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.11.22274937: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">The following variables in Wave 10 (2018-19) were considered to explore differences in changes over time: 1) sex (male / female), 2) living with a partner (yes / no), 3) having a White UK ethnicity (yes / no), 4) having a university degree (yes / no), 5) their current occupation level based on the 3-category National Statistics Socioeconomic Classification (professional or managerial / intermediate / routine or manual / not currently employed), and 6) their net household monthly income (quintile-based).</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">I then test population-average estimates (i.e., pooled Poisson and linear models with clustered standard errors) and subject-specific estimates (i.e., random-intercept Poisson and linear models) to assess changes over time in: 1) smoking prevalence among the full sample of observations (Table 2), and 2) cigarettes smoked per day among the subsample of observations that smoked (Table 3).6 Finally, I tested interactions and their statistical significance to see if changes varied across groups.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      No key resources detected.

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:

      This study is not without limitations. Only 26% of those aged 35-64 with a full interview in 2018-19 were included in our analytic sample, meaning that our analyses are unlikely to be representative despite the use of the survey weights provided by the UKHLS team. The focus on middle-aged adults precludes generalisations to other age groups, particularly younger adults who are still in the process of initiating smoking9,10 and have faced the brunt of the economic consequences of the pandemic.11 Results from the English Smoking Toolkit Study, which recorded a potential increase in smoking prevalence among those aged 16-24 between 2019 and 2021, support the call for better evidence in young adults.12 The findings here may also not align with the reality of other countries in keeping with the intensity of the impact of the pandemic and the government’s response.13 Despite these concerns, the findings represent encouraging results. Since disasters and recessions affect individuals over a long period of time, studies will be needed to understand the long-term effects of the pandemic on smoking trajectories over the next decade.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.11.22274937
  63. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.11.22274949
    1
    1. sciscore 19 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.11.22274949: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      No key resources detected.

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a protocol registration statement.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.11.22274949
  64. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.11.22274962
    1
    1. sciscore 19 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.11.22274962: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">IRB: The study received ethical approval from the Diagnostics Investigational Review Board (IRB project #1021-14).<br>Consent: All participants, or parents or guardians of minor participants, provided informed consent.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      No key resources detected.

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:

      A limitation of this study was that not all of the collected samples could be sequenced, due to a minimal viral load requirement for sequencing; samples with a Ct>28 could not be sequenced. Of the collected samples, only 23% contained sufficient sample for sequencing. However, during the period of testing, Omicron replaced Delta as the dominant SARS-CoV-2 variant in the state of Massachusetts[15]. State-wide, Omicron accounted for only 1% of sequenced SARS-CoV-2 samples in the week commencing November 29th, 2021. However, this increased to 99% of sequenced cases in the week commencing January 10th, 2022 [15]. Figure 2 highlights the shift in SARS-CoV-2 variant dominance from Delta to Omicron over time, indicating that the tested samples were a mixture of the two variants (Figure 2), as confirmed by the sequenced samples.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: We found the following clinical trial numbers in your paper:<br><table><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Identifier</td><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Status</td><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Title</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">NCT04557046</td><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Recruiting</td><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Performance Evaluation of LumiraDx COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) Ag …</td></tr></table>

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

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    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.11.22274962
  65. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.14.22275079
    1
    1. sciscore 19 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.14.22275079: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Validation was performed biannually according to the ICMR guidelines by Intra-laboratory testing and by External Quality Assurance Program (EQAS) as provided to us by ICMR.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Quality Assurance Program</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.14.22275079
  66. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.15.22275086
    1
    1. sciscore 19 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.15.22275086: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Consent: All individuals provided a signed informed consent, and the study was approved by the NUI Galway Research Ethics</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">WGS was performed using the Illumina NextSeq 500 platform with one positive control and one negative control.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>WGS</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">The raw reads were demultiplexed using bcl2fastq (v2.20).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>bcl2fastq</div><div>suggested: (bcl2fastq , RRID:SCR_015058)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Briefly, the reads had adapters trimmed with TrimGalore17, and were aligned to the Wuhan Hu-1 reference genome (accession MN908947.3) using BWA-MEM (v0.7.17)18; the ARTIC amplicons were trimmed and a consensus built using iVAR (v.1.3.0)19.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>BWA-MEM</div><div>suggested: (Sniffles, RRID:SCR_017619)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.15.22275086
  67. www.biorxiv.org www.biorxiv.org
    https://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.16.491949
    1
    1. sciscore 19 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.16.491949: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Molecular docking: Tripartite complex models of DC-SIGN tetramer, Spike trimer and rfhSP-D trimer were predicted through blind molecular docking using ZDOCK module of Discovery Studio 2021.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Cell Line Authentication</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Antibodies</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">The cells were incubated for 30-min with mouse anti-human DC-SIGN antibodies to detect DC-SIGN and rabbit anti-SARS-CoV-2 Spike antibodies.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>anti-human DC-SIGN</div><div>suggested: None</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>anti-SARS-CoV-2 Spike antibodies .</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Next, cells were washed and incubated with a staining buffer containing Alexa Fluor 647 conjugated goat anti-mouse antibody (Abcam), Alexa fluor 488 conjugated goat anti-rabbit antibody (Abcam), and Hoechst (Invitrogen, Life Technologies).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>anti-mouse</div><div>suggested: None</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>anti-rabbit</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Experimental Models: Cell Lines</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">HEK 293T cells were transiently transfected with a plasmid expressing human DC-SIGN (HG10200-UT; Sino Biological), using Promega FuGENE™ HD Transfection Reagent (Fisher Scientific).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>HEK 293T</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Next day, the cells were washed and cultured in the presence of hygromycin to select DC-SIGN expressing HEK-293T cells (DC HEK) (Thermo Fisher Scientific).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>HEK-293T</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">THP-1 cells were induced to express DC-SIGN surface molecules by the treatment with PMA (10□ng/mL) in combination with IL-4 (1000□units/mL) and incubated for 72 h (43).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>THP-1</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Briefly, HEK 293Tcells were cultured in growth media to 70-80% confluence at 37°C under 5% v/v CO2.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>HEK 293Tcells</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Quantitative qRT-PCR Analysis: DC-HEK and DC-THP-1 cells (0.5 × 106) were seeded overnight in growth medium.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>DC-THP-1</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Recombinant DNA</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Expression and purification of soluble tetrameric DC-SIGN: The pT5T construct expressing tetrameric form of human DC-SIGN was transformed into Escherichia coli BL21 ((λDE3)</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>pT5T</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Cells were co-transfected using FuGENE® HD Transfection Reagent (Promega) with Opti-MEM® diluted plasmids (450 ng of pCAGGS-SARS-CoV-2 spike, 500ng of p8.91-lentiviral vector and 750 ng of pCSFLW).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>pCAGGS-SARS-CoV-2</div><div>suggested: None</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>p8.91-lentiviral</div><div>suggested: None</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>pCSFLW</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">The primer BLAST software (Basic Local Alignment Search Tool) was used to design primer sequences as listed in Table 1.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>BLAST</div><div>suggested: (BLASTX, RRID:SCR_001653)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation: MD simulations for the complexes B, C1 and C2 were performed using GROMACS v2020.6 (44).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>GROMACS</div><div>suggested: (GROMACS, RRID:SCR_014565)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Statistical analysis: Graphs were generated using GraphPad Prism 8.0 software.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>GraphPad Prism</div><div>suggested: (GraphPad Prism, RRID:SCR_002798)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.16.491949
  68. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.16.22275130
    1
    1. sciscore 19 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.16.22275130: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      No key resources detected.

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.16.22275130
  69. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.11.22274884
    1
    1. sciscore 19 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.11.22274884: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">IRB: Ethical approval of the study was given by the Bioethics Committee of Bio-X Institute of Shanghai Jiao Tong University (COA: M202007).</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Recombinant DNA</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">DNA fragments containing wild-type S gene 501 with point mutations were synthesized in pUC19 backbone plasmid by Sangon Biotech.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>pUC19</div><div>suggested: RRID:Addgene_50005)</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">The RT-RPA products were loaded into 8% PAGE gel and the relative greyness of sample bands was quantified using ImageJ.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>ImageJ</div><div>suggested: (ImageJ, RRID:SCR_003070)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.11.22274884
  70. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.12.22274973
    1
    1. sciscore 19 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.12.22274973: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">For this model, we used the municipality of death occurrence as a random intercept to account for intermunicipal variability in death registration in the model and to establish a hierarchical relationship between individual and municipal-level variables.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      No key resources detected.

      Results from OddPub: Thank you for sharing your code and data.

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:

      Our study has some strengths and limitations. Amongst the strengths, we highlight the use of 1,069,174 nationwide mortality registries to compare all-cause and cause-specific excess mortality during the COVID-19 pandemic in Mexico in 2020. This approach allowed us to estimate with higher confidence state and municipal-level excess morality rates that helped us to study the regional impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and identify vulnerable zones in Mexico which were especially affected during 2020 compared to previous years. Additionally, the use of sociodemographic variables at different levels gave us insights to evaluate municipal and individual-level determinants which shaped excess and non-COVID-19 mortality. Nevertheless, limitations to be acknowledged include the lack of specific clinical information and comorbidity assessment for predictors which have been proven to be crucial determinants that increase the risk of death for COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 causes, particularly regarding control of chronic cardio-metabolic conditions. Second, we could not ascertain the number of non-COVID-19 deaths which occurred due to exacerbation of underlying chronic conditions by current or previous SARS-CoV-2 infection, as it has been proven that it could increase the risk of long-term complications, including cardiovascular diseases (3). Third, our COVID-19 death construct included cases which could have been misclassified by atypical pneumonia or severe acute respiratory infections of u...

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.12.22274973
  71. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.12.22274993
    1
    1. sciscore 19 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.12.22274993: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Consent: Participants: Inclusion criteria were users of the Germ Defence website who were over the age of 18 and able to give informed consent.<br>IRB: Ethical approval was granted by the University of Southampton Psychology Ethics Committee (ID: 56445).</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      No key resources detected.

      Results from OddPub: Thank you for sharing your data.

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:

      However, since the goal of this analysis, and the use case for MATA in general, was to rapidly extract headline insights, this limitation can be mostly overlooked. Nevertheless, researchers should be mindful of these potential issues when they come to interpret the output of the AI. Due to these considerations, MATA could potentially be seen as a less interpretive method than human-only analysis that is suitable for more descriptive studies of large datasets. Indeed, the concept of information power recommends larger samples for studies with broader, atheoretical, more exploratory aims [26]. In order to complete the human-only analysis of a sample of this size, a codebook was created based on previous Germ Defence research, and six research assistants needed to be trained in qualitative analysis. It would not have been feasible to conduct a purely inductive thematic analysis using a large number of coders due to differences in how individuals would interpret and label the data. Other methods of coding large-scale data, such as crowdsourcing though Amazon Mechanical Turk, have been shown to be successful when coding deductively into pre-determined categories [27,28,29]. However, in the absence of these categories, such as in more inductive approaches or studies with more exploratory aims, there have previously been few options available to researchers other than to perform human analyses on limited sample sizes. Approaches such as MATA could be a valuable tool for enabling lar...

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

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    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.12.22274993
  72. www.biorxiv.org www.biorxiv.org
    https://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.16.492138
    1
    1. sciscore 19 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.16.492138: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Field Sample Permit: All animal experiments were performed in compliance with relevant institutional, national, and international guidelines for care and humane use of animal and approved by the Landesamt für Gesundheit und Soziales in Berlin, Germany (permit number 0086/20).</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Hamsters were randomly assigned into groups, with 50 – 60 % of the animals in each group being female.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Hamsters were randomly assigned into groups, with 50 – 60 % of the animals in each group being female.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Cell Line Authentication</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Antibodies</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Antigen retrieval was performed using microwave heating (600 W) in 10 mM citric acid (pH 6.0) for 12 min for SARS-CoV-1 nucleoprotein antibody (Sino Biological Inc.; Beijing, China) and using recombinant protease from Streptomyces griseus (PanReac Applichem, Darmstadt, Germany) for 13 min at 37°C for IgA antibody.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>SARS-CoV-1 nucleoprotein</div><div>suggested: None</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>IgA</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Anti-SARS-CoV-1 NP mouse monoclonal antibody (Sino Biological Inc.; Beijing, China, dilution: 1:500) and rabbit anti hamster IgA antibody (Brookwood Biomedical, Jemison, AL, dilution: 1:250) were incubated at 4°C overnight followed by washing and incubation with a secondary biotinylated goat anti-mouse IgG antibody (dilution: 1:200, Vector Laboratories, Burlingame, California, USA).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Anti-SARS-CoV-1 NP</div><div>suggested: None</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>anti hamster IgA</div><div>suggested: None</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>anti-mouse IgG</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">The plates were covered and incubated for 2 h at room temperature before the washing step was repeated and 50 μL of secondary antibody (Brookwood biomedical, Rabbit Anti-Hamster IgA, HRP-conjugated) diluted 1:1000 was applied per well.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Anti-Hamster IgA</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Day 0 samples of the prime-boost trial could not be tested for neutralizing antibodies against B.1.351 (Beta) due to lack of material.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>B.1.351</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Experimental Models: Cell Lines</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">In addition, the cell culture medium for Vero-TMPRSS2 cells contained 1000 μg/mL geneticin (G418) to ensure selection for cells expressing the genes for neomycin resistance and TMPRSS2.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Vero-TMPRSS2</div><div>suggested: JCRB Cat# JCRB1818, RRID:CVCL_YQ48)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">, Beta – B.1.351 (hCoV-19/Netherlands/NoordHolland_20159/2021), and Delta – B.1.617.2 (SARS-CoV-2, Human, 2021, Germany ex India, 20A/452R (B.1.617) were propagated on VeroE6-TMPRSS2 cells.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>VeroE6-TMPRSS2</div><div>suggested: JCRB Cat# JCRB1819, RRID:CVCL_YQ49)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Omicron BA.1 - B.1.1.529.1 (hCoV-19/Germany/BE-ChVir26335/2021, EPI_ISL_7019047) was propagated on CaLu-3 cells.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>CaLu-3</div><div>suggested: KCLB Cat# 30055, RRID:CVCL_0609)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Mock-vaccinated hamsters were vaccinated by intranasal instillation with sterile cell culture supernatant obtained from uninfected VeroE6-TMPRSS cells.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>VeroE6-TMPRSS</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Vaccine preparations: sCPD9 was grown on Vero-TMRSS cells and titrated on Vero E6 cells as described previously, final titers were adjusted to 2 × 106 FFU/mL in MEM.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Vero-TMRSS</div><div>suggested: None</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Vero E6</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Experimental Models: Organisms/Strains</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Cell isolation from blood and lungs: White blood cells were isolated from EDTA-blood as previously described, steps included erylysis and cell filtration prior counting.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>lungs: White</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Mesocricetus auratus genome annotation: For quantification of gene expression, we used the MesAur 2.0 genome assembly and annotation available via the NCBI genome database (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/11998?genome_assembly_id=1585474).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>MesAur</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: Thank you for sharing your code.

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:

      Our single-cell RNA-sequencing analysis has several limitations. This technique, as employed here, cannot fully capture processes such as reactivation of memory cells due to lack of surface markers and cell type-specific enrichment. Due to incomplete annotation of the Syrian hamster genome, we were not able to identify IgA-positive cells. Data quality of nasal mucosa cells was comparatively low due to the difficult dissociation of the tissue, which limits our observations at the site of initial infection. An important and frequently discussed issue with live attenuated vaccines is their potential susceptibility to previously established immunity (69), which would restrict vaccine virus replication and potentially limit their use as booster vaccines after initial immunization by vaccination or natural infection. Our results indicate however, that sCPD9 does effectively boost immune responses and greatly improves protection when applied three weeks after initial mRNA vaccination. Importantly, sCPD9 enhances humoral immune responses, especially against known immune escape variants such as Beta and Omicron BA.1, while also improving the virological outcome of a heterologous challenge infection when applied as a booster three weeks after initial vaccination. This indicates a wide scope for the use of live attenuated vaccines in populations that exhibit an already high degree of baseline immunity induced by previous vaccination or infection; a situation clearly present in many part...

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
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    URL

    biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.16.492138
  73. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.15.22273945
    1
    1. sciscore 19 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.15.22273945: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Consent: The persons who were 18 years and above age and who gave informed oral consent will be included in the study.<br>IRB: Ethical clearance was obtained from Institutional Ethics committee.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">The persons who were not able co-operate, not willing to participate, pregnant women, administered with other Covid vaccines were excluded from the study.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Statistical Analysis: First the data is entered in Microsoft Excel and then transformed into R software version 4.1.2 and analysed.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Microsoft Excel</div><div>suggested: (Microsoft Excel, RRID:SCR_016137)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:

      There were several limitations like sample size was small and some factors like covid appropriate behaviour, socio-economic status, occupation were not considered. Further, more studies should be conducted as new variants of SARS-CoV-2 like Omicron are emerging, and we don’t know how the vaccine works against the variants and whether booster doses are required or not.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

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    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.15.22273945
  74. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.13.22275054
    1
    1. sciscore 19 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.13.22275054: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Consent: All participants provided informed consent, and Institutional Review Board (IRB) approval was provided by the Wake Forest School of Medicine IRB.<br>IRB: All participants provided informed consent, and Institutional Review Board (IRB) approval was provided by the Wake Forest School of Medicine IRB.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      No key resources detected.

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:

      Our study has a number of important limitations. The CCRP is a U.S. healthcare system-based convenience sample that is predominantly non-Hispanic White and about a quarter are healthcare workers. Participants active in the study are likely to be generally interested in their health and may have greater awareness of the details surrounding vaccination. These results may not be consistent in populations of varying race/ethnicity, occupation, education level, health literacy, or region. Importantly, the results are relevant only to the U.S. population where the details of COVID-19 vaccines have been discussed extensively in the media and may not be generalizable to other regions with different media landscapes, and vaccine attitudes and availability. Additionally, there were significant differences between participants with and without documentation of vaccination in EHR: female participants, healthcare workers, participants in the South East, and participants residing in urban areas were more likely to have vaccine information in their EHR (Appendix Table 2). There were also differences by enrollment site. This difference in availability of EHR data highlights the importance of accepting self-reported vaccine dates particularly where EHR vaccination data may be sparse. Thus, we have not computed sensitivity or specificity of self-reported receipt of vaccination. Additionally, due to the structure of the vaccination data we received from EHR (unnumbered doses), it was difficult ...

      Results from TrialIdentifier: We found the following clinical trial numbers in your paper:<br><table><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Identifier</td><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Status</td><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Title</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">NCT04342884</td><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Recruiting</td><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">COVID-19 Community Research Partnership</td></tr></table>

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.13.22275054
  75. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.15.22274976
    1
    1. sciscore 19 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.15.22274976: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">IRB: The Institutional Review Board of the All of Us Research Program has approved all study procedures, and participants provided informed consent to share electronic health records (EHRs), surveys, and other study data with qualified investigators for broad-based research.<br>Consent: The Institutional Review Board of the All of Us Research Program has approved all study procedures, and participants provided informed consent to share electronic health records (EHRs), surveys, and other study data with qualified investigators for broad-based research.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">To accommodate both missingness and within-subject correlations across survey measurements (14), we first fitted IPW-adjusted, mixed-effects logistic regression models using the lme4 R package to determine the time-varying relationships between social support and depression with subject-specific random intercepts and fixed effects for the three survey timepoints (i.e., May, June, and July of 2020).</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Cohort description: The All of Us Research Program (AoU) (8) has enrolled more than 482,000 participants as of April 2022.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Us Research Program</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">In recent prior work, we found some evidence of “healthy volunteer bias” among the COPE survey participants and demonstrated the utility of inverse probability weighting in offsetting potential bias (10).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>COPE</div><div>suggested: (COPE, RRID:SCR_009153)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Covariates: We used linked EHR data to establish whether participants had a pre-pandemic history of mood disorder diagnosis at any time prior to January 21st, 2020, the date of the first reported COVID-19 case in the United States (13), defined by two or more qualifying diagnostic codes mapped to “Mood disorder” code 46206005 in the Systematized Nomenclature of Medicine (SNOMED; a common coding scheme for harmonizing different coding vocabularies or ICD versions across health systems).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Covariates</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:

      Several limitations should be noted. First, as with many survey instruments, our measure of social support captures self-reported perceptions of support, which may be influenced by concurrent depressed mood, thereby inflating the association. Notwithstanding, our primary analyses were consistent with lagged models in which baseline social support was associated with subsequent depression even after removing individuals with baseline elevated depression symptoms, suggesting the effect was not purely driven by contemporaneous mood states; however, further causal inference analyses are warranted (26). Second, we selected available variables from the COPE survey to examine their potential role as effect modifiers, but there may be other unmeasured intrinsic or pandemic-related factors (e.g., lockdown exposure) that may also influence the association between social support and depression. Our pre-pandemic mood disorder variable was also conservatively defined using linked EHR data which was available for most, but not all, participants. Third, given that most individuals were research volunteers with Internet access who were relatively well-educated and endorsed minimal financial stressors related to the pandemic, our sample may not generalize to more disadvantaged populations, though we used inverse-probability weighting as an attempt to match COPE survey participants more closely with the broader and more diverse All of Us Research Program study cohort.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

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    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.15.22274976
  76. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.11.22274966
    1
    1. sciscore 19 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.11.22274966: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      No key resources detected.

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.11.22274966
  77. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.12.22274799
    1
    1. sciscore 19 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.12.22274799: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Library sizes were evaluated using the Agilent BioAnalyzer 2100 and the high sensitivity dsDNA kit.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Agilent BioAnalyzer</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">The Illumina sequencing adapters were removed, and low-quality bases were trimmed using AdapterRemoval (v2.3.1).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>AdapterRemoval</div><div>suggested: (AdapterRemoval, RRID:SCR_011834)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">All remaining reads after host filtering were assigned taxonomy using Kraken2 (v2.1.1) with PlusPF database (release date: 1/27/2021).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Kraken2</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">For rRNA content estimation using Kraken2, a Kraken database (containing rRNA sequences from prokaryotes and eukaryotes) was built from the rRNA sequences collected from NCBI Nucleotide database using the following query: “biomol_rrna[PROP]” (as of March 17, 2021).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Kraken</div><div>suggested: (Kraken, RRID:SCR_005484)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">The 40M subsampled read pairs were mapped to the combined genome sequences using BWA-MEM (v0.7.17).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>BWA-MEM</div><div>suggested: (Sniffles, RRID:SCR_017619)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">For each species, the number of mapped reads and the number of total bases mapped were collected using Bedtools (v1.9) “multicov” and Samtools (v1.9) “depth” commands, respectively, with optional parameters “-d 0 -aa” being used for Samtools “depth” command to accurately report the depths in deeply covered regions.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Bedtools</div><div>suggested: (BEDTools, RRID:SCR_006646)</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Samtools</div><div>suggested: (SAMTOOLS, RRID:SCR_002105)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">AMR gene identification: The assembled contigs from the CZID workflow with 40M subsampled read pairs were retrieved and searched against AMR genes using NCBI AMRFinderPlus (v3.10.21)</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>NCBI AMRFinderPlus</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Within DEGenR, the raw read counts were imported, filtered, normalized using edgeR R-package to filter out any low-expressed genes.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>edgeR</div><div>suggested: (edgeR, RRID:SCR_012802)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">The Enrichr R package (37) was used to rank enriched terms among DEGs using different databases and resources, including GO biological processes.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Enrichr</div><div>suggested: (Enrichr, RRID:SCR_001575)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
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    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.12.22274799
  78. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.12.22274931
    1
    1. sciscore 19 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.12.22274931: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">IRB: This research protocol was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Graduate School of Life Science, Osaka City University (No. 21-58).</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">A bootstrap sample is a random sample of observations drawn with replacement.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      No key resources detected.

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:

      Air pollution was reduced by the human mobility limitation [34]. If governments simply reactivate human mobility, carbon dioxide emissions may increase due to car traffic [35]. Therefore, the government needs to conduct a mix of several policies, such as working from home, online shopping, and active use of public transportation. Those policies could contribute to improving the urban sustainability for the post COVID-19 pandemic. The limitation of this study was that it was able to analyze only six types of human mobility available on Google Community Mobility Reports. Therefore, we cannot deny the possibility that the control of human mobility proposed by this study might cause an increase in another type of human mobility and a gradual increase in the number of infections. For example, would it truly be effective to restrict mainly dining and drinking establishments? To address this limitation, future research should research more diverse types of human mobility using GPS location history data. These GPS log data can be obtained at regular intervals from mobile phones with users’ consent. Using such data, we can clarify the relationship with the number of infections in more detail.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.12.22274931
  79. www.biorxiv.org www.biorxiv.org
    https://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.13.491916
    1
    1. sciscore 18 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.13.491916: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Euthanasia Agents: At different time-points post-infection (pi), 10 animals were euthanized by intraperitoneal (IP) injection of 100 μL Dolethal (200 mg/mL sodium pentobarbital, Vétoquinol SA) for collection of lung tissues.<br>IRB: Ethics: Housing conditions and experimental procedures were approved by the ethics committee of animal experimentation of KU Leuven (license P001/2021).</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">SARS-CoV-2 infection of SCID mice: In brief, 7-9 weeks old male severe combined immune deficient (SCID) mice were purchased from Janvier Laboratories.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Tissue sections (5 μm) were analyzed after staining with hematoxylin and eosin and scored blindly for lung damage by an expert pathologist.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Cell Line Authentication</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Experimental Models: Cell Lines</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">A passage two virus on Vero E6 cells was used for the study described here.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Vero E6</div><div>suggested: RRID:CVCL_XD71)</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Experimental Models: Organisms/Strains</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Treatment Regimen: Male SCID mice were treated by oral gavage with either the vehicle (n=20) or Molnupiravir (EIDD-2801, n=14) at 200 mg/kg or Nirmatrelvir (PF-332, n=14) at 300 mg/kg, twice daily starting from D0, just before the infection with the Beta variant as described in the previous section.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>SCID</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Statistics: GraphPad Prism (GraphPad Software, Inc.) was used to perform statistical analysis.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>GraphPad</div><div>suggested: (GraphPad Prism, RRID:SCR_002798)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:

      On the other hand, the limitation of this model, is that unlike for hamsters, mice are only susceptible to the beta variant. Since small molecule inhibitors should have equipotent activity against all variants this is not of concern for studies with such drugs. However, for testing of therapeutic antibodies, infection models (in hamsters) with the different VoC will still be needed. Likewise, for vaccine studies, fully immunocompetent animals are needed, hence SCID mice are not useful for this purpose. Therefore, this SCID mice/beta variant infection model will be mainly advantageous for the evaluation of small molecule inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 replication.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • No conflict of interest statement was detected. If there are no conflicts, we encourage authors to explicit state so.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
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    Annotators

    URL

    biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.13.491916
  80. www.biorxiv.org www.biorxiv.org
    https://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.13.491763
    1
    1. sciscore 18 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.13.491763: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      NIH rigor criteria are not applicable to paper type.

      Table 2: Resources

      No key resources detected.

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:

      However, there are obvious limitations for shortening the oligonucleotide. The present method is suitable for excavating advantageous mutations in regions that have received less attention, rather than in the S gene region where the concentration of functionally influential mutations is apparent. Since the mutations in Table 1 cover rather randomly a wide range of lineages, most (if not all) of the mutations are thought to have expanded in a convergent evolutionary way. We will here discuss a reason that Lambda and Iota were more closely related to Omicron than other lineages, both in the BLSOM and in Table 1. Mutations presented in Table 1 are thought to have occurred far prior to the time when the Omicron genome sequence was first reported (Nov. 2021), because almost all Omicron strains isolated in the Nov. 2021 had these mutations. In the case of coronaviruses, recombination plays an important role in their evolution, and therefore, it is difficult to identify the true origin of each mutation in focus. The proximity of Omicron to Alpha and Iota in the BLSOM and in Table 1 may not reflect their evolutionary origins. Analysis of the newly accumulated Omicron genome sequences: One peculiarity of SARS-CoV-2 research is that, regardless of when genome sequences were obtained for analysis, a large number of new sequences have accumulated during the analysis and manuscript preparation; in the present study, the accumulation of genome sequences of Omicron, especially the BA.2 subl...

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.13.491763
  81. www.biorxiv.org www.biorxiv.org
    https://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.14.491911
    1
    1. sciscore 18 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.14.491911: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">The fragment sizes of the pooled libraries were assessed with DNA HS Kit (Agilent Technologies, Santa Clara, USA) on Agilent Bioanalyser.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Agilent Bioanalyser</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">The pooled library was further normalized to 4nM concentration, denatured and loaded onto a Miseq V3 Flow Cell (150 cycles) to carry out paired end sequencing with a read length of 2×75 on MiSeq platform.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>MiSeq</div><div>suggested: (A5-miseq, RRID:SCR_012148)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">The whole-genome sequences were aligned using were aligned using MAFFT v7.475 12, the aligned sequences were further used as input for IQ-TREE program build in nextstrain pipeline and downstream analysis steps were followed to generate the phylogenetic tree.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>MAFFT</div><div>suggested: (MAFFT, RRID:SCR_011811)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Generated tree file were visualized using the FigTree program v1.4.4 (available at: http://tree.bio.ed.ac.uk/software/figtree/).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>FigTree</div><div>suggested: (FigTree, RRID:SCR_008515)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">To determine the phylogenetic clade, isolated SARS-CoV-2 genomes were compared against the global Nextstrain database (https://nextstrain.org/ncov/global) using the combined package of Augur, the MAFFT and the IQ-tree software embedded in Nextstrain pipeline.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>IQ-tree</div><div>suggested: (IQ-TREE, RRID:SCR_017254)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: Thank you for sharing your data.

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No funding statement was detected.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.14.491911
  82. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.13.22275056
    1
    1. sciscore 18 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.13.22275056: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Cell Line Authentication</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Experimental Models: Cell Lines</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Cell surface staining and flow cytometry analysis: 293T cells were co-transfected with a GFP expressor (pIRES2-GFP, Clontech) in combination with plasmid encoding the full-length S of SARS-CoV-2 variants (D614G, Delta or Omicron) or the HCoV-HKU1 S.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>293T</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Recombinant DNA</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Cell surface staining and flow cytometry analysis: 293T cells were co-transfected with a GFP expressor (pIRES2-GFP, Clontech) in combination with plasmid encoding the full-length S of SARS-CoV-2 variants (D614G, Delta or Omicron) or the HCoV-HKU1 S.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>pIRES2-GFP</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Virus neutralization assay: To produce the pseudoviruses, 293T cells were transfected with the lentiviral vector pNL4.3 R-E-Luc (NIH AIDS Reagent Program) and a plasmid encoding for the indicated S glycoprotein (D614G, Delta or Omicron) at a ratio of 10:1.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>pNL4.3</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Samples were acquired on a LSRII cytometer (BD Biosciences), and data analysis was performed using FlowJo v10.7.1 (Tree Star).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>BD Biosciences</div><div>suggested: (BD Biosciences, RRID:SCR_013311)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">All samples were acquired on an LSRII cytometer (BD Biosciences) and data analysis was performed using FlowJo v10.7.1 (Tree Star).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>FlowJo</div><div>suggested: (FlowJo, RRID:SCR_008520)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.13.22275056
  83. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.11.22274964
    1
    1. sciscore 18 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.11.22274964: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      No key resources detected.

      Results from OddPub: Thank you for sharing your data.

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:

      Nonetheless, measurement error of the exposure is a potential limitation, given that our main exposure variables were based on self-reported COVID-19; although the additional analysis including serology data helps to mitigate against this. Previous studies have mainly focused on severe COVID-19 or severe mental illness.8,10 Our results add to existing evidence by capturing broader and subclinical mental health impacts of COVID-19 illness in the population. However, further possible limitations are the lack of data available to examine possible variation in associations by COVID-19 severity, that only infections in the first year of the pandemic have been assessed, and that longitudinal follow-up is limited at present. Implications and conclusions: Our findings suggest that people who self-reported COVID-19 in the first year of the pandemic were subsequently more likely to experience poorer mental health outcomes. Our findings involving serology-confirmed infection, and the lack of attenuation in association over time, suggest that these associations might not be specific to SARS-CoV-2 infection and potentially reflect consequences of feeling unwell, anxieties related to a novel infection and infecting others or other factors such as social isolation and loss of pay. Further research is needed to investigate these possible underlying mechanisms and to examine whether associations persist over longer follow-up periods. Our findings highlight the important population mental heal...

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a protocol registration statement.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.11.22274964
  84. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.12.22274990
    1
    1. sciscore 18 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.12.22274990: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Consent: The patients in telephone and self-reported survey provided an oral and written informed consent, respectively.<br>IRB: This study was reviewed and approved by the ethics committee of the Center Hospital of the National Center for Global Health and Medicine (NCGM) (NCGM-G-004406-00, NCGM-G-004439-00).</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      No key resources detected.

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:

      Our study had several limitations. First, we compared data obtained from two surveys with different methodologies: data of Omicron group from telephone interviews, and those of control group from a self-reported questionnaire-based online/paper-based survey, which may have influenced the results. Second, those with more severe symptoms might less likely to respond to telephone calls if they were subsequently hospitalized, making data on the critically ill more likely to be scarce. Third, the self-reported questionnaire-based online/paper-based survey was subject to various biases, such as selection, volunteer, and recall biases. In particular, the survey was limited to COVID-19 convalescent plasmapheresis patients who underwent the pre-donation screening test. It is unclear whether the results of this survey can be applied to all patients recovering from COVID-19. Forth, this was a single-center study with a small sample size. Fifth, the definition of post COVID-19 condition in this study was similar to a previous study [3]. However, whether the symptoms could be explained by an alternative diagnosis remains unclear in our study. Therefore, our findings may have overestimated the prevalence of post COVID-19 condition. Sixth, some patients had persistent symptoms at the time of the survey. In these cases, the actual duration of the symptoms was unclear. Long-term observation is needed to better understand the duration of post-COVID conditions of Omicron. Seventh, it was imposs...

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.12.22274990
  85. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.10.22274866
    1
    1. sciscore 17 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.10.22274866: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      No key resources detected.

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:

      Study limitations include potential biases due to the observational nature of this study, and the need to confirm these results in other datasets and populations. Further investigation is needed to clarify if post-COVID-19 related hepatic injury described in this study is related to the current increase in pediatric hepatitis cases of unknown origin.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a protocol registration statement.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.10.22274866
  86. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.11.22274932
    1
    1. sciscore 17 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.11.22274932: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Consent: Prior to initiation of the study, the study protocol, and informed consent form were reviewed and approved by the Independent Ethics Committees (ie, Health and Disability Ethics Committee).<br>IRB: Prior to initiation of the study, the study protocol, and informed consent form were reviewed and approved by the Independent Ethics Committees (ie, Health and Disability Ethics Committee).</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Study design and subjects: This is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase I study, conducted at 2 study sites in New Zealand.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Except from prespecified unblinded individuals, all the other investigator, site staff, sponsor, laboratory staff, and study subjects were blinded to the treatment allocation.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Statistical analysis: As a first in human study, the sample size estimation and power calculation were not pre-specified in the protocol, and the number of proposed subjects was considered sufficient to provide a descriptive summary of the safety and immunogenicity of two different dose levels of ReCOV in two age groups.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Cell Line Authentication</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Antibodies</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Subjects who had history of COVID-19 or confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection; positive test for COVID-19 at screening by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, or serological test for SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulin (Ig)M and/or IgG antibodies; received any prior investigational or approved vaccine against a coronavirus at any time; vaccination of licensed inactivated vaccines within 14 days or licensed live or attenuated vaccines within 30 days prior to enrollment in this study; and pregnant women were excluded.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulin (Ig)M</div><div>suggested: None</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>IgG antibodies</div><div>suggested: (Rockland Cat# 00-8800-25, RRID:AB_2610703)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">We evaluated the immunogenicity elicited by ReCOV vaccine in terms of S-RBD and S-NTD IgG binding antibody titers and neutralizing antibody titers against wild-type SAS-CoV-2.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>SAS-CoV-2</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">S-RBD and S-NTD specific IgG binding antibodies in serum were measured using a validated laboratory technique of V-Plex SARS-CoV-2 Panel 1 (IgG) Multiplex ELISA (MSD Cat # MESOK15359U-4) by 360Biolabs.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>SARS-CoV-2 Panel 1 (IgG</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Experimental Models: Cell Lines</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Detection of the SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies was performed using a validated laboratory technique of SARS-CoV-2 microneutralizing assay (cytopathic effect) by the central laboratory 360Biolabs (Melbourne VIC, Australia), with a wild-type strain SARS-CoV-2 hCoV-19/Australia/VIC01/2020 (GenBank MT007544.1) passaged in Vero E6 cells.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Vero E6</div><div>suggested: RRID:CVCL_XD71)</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">All analyses were conducted using SAS Version 9.4 or higher (SAS Institute).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>SAS Institute</div><div>suggested: (Statistical Analysis System, RRID:SCR_008567)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:

      This study has few limitations. First, the study design did not contain an unadjuvanted group to measure the impact of BFA03 on the safety and immunogenicity, although the pre-clinical studies detected very limited immune response by ReCOV antigen alone, with around 300-fold lower compared to ReCOV.7 Second, the small sample size of the phase I study might not capture the rare occurred adverse events, the safety profile will need further evaluation in larger studies. Third, the primary analysis was performed till 30 days after the second vaccination, long-term safety and immune persistence need to be further evaluated after data collection of ongoing study follow-up. Last, the study mainly evaluated neutralizing antibodies against wild-type SARS-COV-2, although post-hoc analysis indicated cross-neutralizing activities against the Delta variant. Neutralizing activities against Omicron, was not tested due to unavailability of the assay in the central laboratory yet. Limited neutralizing activity against Omicron induced by primary immunization with all other COVID-19 vaccines in market designed for the wild-type strain, as shown that after the primary two-dose series of the mRNA-1273 vaccine, neutralization titers against Omicron variant were 35.0 times lower than those against D614G variant, indicating an increased risk of severe breakthrough infection,18 also there was a significant reduction in GMT of hACE2 receptor binding inhibition against Omicron variant compared to the a...

      Results from TrialIdentifier: We found the following clinical trial numbers in your paper:<br><table><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Identifier</td><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Status</td><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Title</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">NCT04818801</td><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Active, not recruiting</td><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Safety, Reactogenicity and Immunogenicity Study of ReCOV</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">NCT05084989</td><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Not yet recruiting</td><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Efficacy, Safety, and Immunogenicity Study of the Recombinan…</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">NCT05323435</td><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Not yet recruiting</td><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Immunogenicity and Safety Study of Recombinant Two-Component…</td></tr></table>

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.11.22274932
  87. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.10.22274869
    1
    1. sciscore 17 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.10.22274869: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      NIH rigor criteria are not applicable to paper type.

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">R(t) estimation: R(t) was estimated from case time series with epyestim v0.1 [27], a Python implementation of the method developed by Cori et al. [30].</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Python</div><div>suggested: (IPython, RRID:SCR_001658)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: Thank you for sharing your code and data.

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:

      Even with these limitations related to the sentinel population chosen for this study, estimates of community transmission derived from sentinel cases approximated those of established, hospitalization-based indicators – with a population based sample and standardized collection of symptom information, such as the UK’s Office for National Statistics Infection Survey [42], the performance and value of this sentinel surveillance model may be enhanced. In Chicago, the low volume of sentinel samples ultimately limited the precision of trends estimated from sentinel surveillance. However, that even a low-volume, unrepresentative, and opportunistic outpatient sentinel surveillance performed fairly well strongly suggests that a deliberate sentinel surveillance system, with high testing volume, routine reporting of date of symptom onset, and representative sampling of outpatient providers, would provide robust early warning. With sufficient sentinel sampling volume, neighborhood-level R(t) estimations should be possible. Under conditions of exponential growth, even 1-2 weeks’ early warning could save lives.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
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    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.10.22274869
  88. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.13.22274812
    1
    1. sciscore 17 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.13.22274812: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Field Sample Permit: We conducted a census of all patients admitted at Livingstone Teaching Hospital after permission had been granted by the University of Lusaka, School of Medicine & Health Sciences Research Ethics Committee, the National Health Research Authority (NHRA) and Mulungushi University School of Medicine and Health Sciences research ethics committee (MUSoMHS-REC).<br>IRB: We conducted a census of all patients admitted at Livingstone Teaching Hospital after permission had been granted by the University of Lusaka, School of Medicine & Health Sciences Research Ethics Committee, the National Health Research Authority (NHRA) and Mulungushi University School of Medicine and Health Sciences research ethics committee (MUSoMHS-REC).</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Data was analysed using STATA 64 to produce descriptive statistics.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>STATA</div><div>suggested: (Stata, RRID:SCR_012763)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.13.22274812
  89. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.10.22274892
    1
    1. sciscore 17 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.10.22274892: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">IRB: Ethical approval was provided by Yorkshire and The Humber - Leeds West Research Ethics Committee ref: 18/YH/0380 (approved as substantial amendment 02 under existing NIHR IRAS249030 research programme).<br>Field Sample Permit: This analysis was carried out using Constant Comparison17 methods and regular research meetings were conducted to agree interpretation, relevance and meaning of indexing to the TFA domains.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      No key resources detected.

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: We found the following clinical trial numbers in your paper:<br><table><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Identifier</td><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Status</td><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Title</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">ISRCTN94091479</td><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">NA</td><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">NA</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">ISRCTN63034289</td><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">NA</td><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">NA</td></tr></table>

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.10.22274892
  90. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.11.22274305
    1
    1. sciscore 17 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.11.22274305: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      No key resources detected.

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a protocol registration statement.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
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    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.11.22274305
  91. www.biorxiv.org www.biorxiv.org
    https://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.13.491770
    1
    1. sciscore 16 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.13.491770: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">4 colonies from each transformed plate were randomly picked and the insert was checked by performing colony PCR using nested PCR primers.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Cell Line Authentication</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Antibodies</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Cells were incubated with an anti-SARS-CoV spike primary antibody directly conjugated with alexaflour-647 (CR3022-AF647) for up to 4 hours at room temperature.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>anti-SARS-CoV spike</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ten million PBMCs of select COVID-19 recovered donors were stained with RBD-Alexa Fluor 488 for 1 hour at 4°C, followed by washing with PBS containing 2% FBS (FACS buffer) and incubation with efluor780 Fixable Viability (Live Dead) dye (Life Technologies, #65-0865-14) and anti-human CD3, CD19, CD20, CD27, CD38 and IgD antibodies (BD Biosciences) for 30 minutes.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>anti-human CD3</div><div>suggested: (RayBiotech Cat# CS-11-0105, RRID:AB_1227994)</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>CD19</div><div>suggested: (Agilent Cat# TC67401, RRID:AB_579635)</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>CD20</div><div>suggested: None</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>CD27 , CD38</div><div>suggested: None</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>IgD</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">mAb antibody binding was then detected with 50 μl/well of MSD SULFO-TAG anti-human IgG antibody (diluted 1:200) incubated for one hour at room temperature with shaking at 700rpm.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>anti-human IgG</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Experimental Models: Cell Lines</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Briefly, 100 pfu of SARS-CoV-2 (2019-nCoV/USA_WA1/2020), Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta and Omicron (BA.1 and BA.2) were used on Vero TMPRSS2 cells.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Vero TMPRSS2</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">IC50 titers were calculated by non-linear regression analysis using the 4PL sigmoidal dose curve equation on Prism 9 (Graphpad Software).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Graphpad</div><div>suggested: (GraphPad, RRID:SCR_000306)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Data were analyzed using FlowJo software 10</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>FlowJo</div><div>suggested: (FlowJo, RRID:SCR_008520)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">CryoEM data analysis and model building: CryoEM movies were motion-corrected either in Motioncorr2 in Relion3.0 (30) or using Patch motion correction implemented in Cryosparc v3.3.1 (31).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Cryosparc</div><div>suggested: (cryoSPARC, RRID:SCR_016501)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">The combined Focused Map tool in Phenix was used to integrate high resolution locally refined maps into an overall map.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Phenix</div><div>suggested: (Phenix, RRID:SCR_014224)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Glycans with visible density were modelled in Coot (36).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Coot</div><div>suggested: (Coot, RRID:SCR_014222)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Model validation was performed using Molprobity (37).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Molprobity</div><div>suggested: (MolProbity, RRID:SCR_014226)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Figures were prepared in ChimeraX(34) and PyMOL (39).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>PyMOL</div><div>suggested: (PyMOL, RRID:SCR_000305)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: Thank you for sharing your data.

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.13.491770
  92. www.biorxiv.org www.biorxiv.org
    https://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.13.491823
    1
    1. sciscore 16 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.13.491823: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Consent: Study participants: Health-care workers receiving routine COVID-19 vaccination were enrolled in the EICOV and COVIM prospective observational cohort studies conducted at Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin (Berlin, Germany), after written informed consent was obtained.<br>IRB: EICOV was approved by the ethics committee of Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin (EA4/245/20), and COVIM was approved by the Federal Institute for Vaccines and Biomedicines (Paul Ehrlich Institute) and by the Ethics committee of the state of Berlin (EudraCT-2021–001512–28).</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Cell Line Authentication</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Antibodies</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Plates were washed 6 times with washing buffer and then incubated with anti-human IgG, IgM or IgA secondary antibody conjugated to horseradish peroxidase (HRP) (Jackson ImmunoResearch 109-036-088, 109-035-129, and Sigma A0295) in blocking buffer at a 1:5,000 dilution (IgM and IgG) or 1:3,000 dilution (IgA).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>anti-human IgG</div><div>suggested: (Jackson ImmunoResearch Labs Cat# 109-036-088, RRID:AB_2337594)</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>IgA</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">The half-maximal neutralization titers for plasma (NT50) or half-maximal and 90% inhibitory concentrations for monoclonal antibodies (IC50 and IC90) were determined using four-parameter nonlinear regression (least squares regression method without weighting; constraints: top=1, bottom=0) (GraphPad Prism).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>IC90</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">The enriched B cells were incubated in Flourescence-Activated Cell-sorting (FACS) buffer (1× PBS, 2% FCS, 1 mM ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA)) with the following anti-human antibodies (all at 1:200 dilution): anti-CD20-PECy7 (BD Biosciences, 335793), anti-CD3-APC- eFluro780 (Invitrogen, 47-0037-41), anti-CD8-APC-eFluor780 (Invitrogen, 47-0086-42)</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>anti-human</div><div>suggested: (GenWay Biotech Inc. Cat# 18-202-335793-0.1 mg, RRID:AB_1981874)</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>anti-CD20-PECy7</div><div>suggested: None</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>anti-CD3-APC-</div><div>suggested: None</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>anti-CD8-APC-eFluor780</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">The frequency distributions of human V genes in anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies from this study was compared to 131,284,220 IgH and IgL sequences generated by (Soto et al., 2019) and downloaded from cAb-Rep (Guo et al., 2019), a database of human shared BCR clonotypes available at https://cab-rep.c2b2.columbia.edu/.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>anti-SARS-CoV-2</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Experimental Models: Cell Lines</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Briefly, 293T (CRL-11268) cells were obtained from ATCC, and the cells were transfected with pNL4-3 ΔEnv-nanoluc and pSARS-CoV-2-SΔ19.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>293T</div><div>suggested: ATCC Cat# CRL-11268, RRID:CVCL_1926)</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Recombinant DNA</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Briefly, 293T (CRL-11268) cells were obtained from ATCC, and the cells were transfected with pNL4-3 ΔEnv-nanoluc and pSARS-CoV-2-SΔ19.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>pNL4-3</div><div>suggested: None</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>pSARS-CoV-2-SΔ19</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">The average of its signal was used for normalization of all the other values on the same plate with Excel software before calculating the area under the curve using Prism V9.1 (GraphPad).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Excel</div><div>suggested: None</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Prism</div><div>suggested: (PRISM, RRID:SCR_005375)</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>GraphPad</div><div>suggested: (GraphPad Prism, RRID:SCR_002798)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">For monoclonal antibodies, the ELISA half-maximal concentration (EC50) was determined using four-parameter nonlinear regression (GraphPad Prism V9.1).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>GraphPad Prism</div><div>suggested: (GraphPad Prism, RRID:SCR_002798)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">3,000 units/ml RNasin Ribonuclease Inhibitors (Promega, N2615)) per well using a FACS Aria III and FACSDiva software (Becton Dickinson) for acquisition and FlowJo for analysis.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>FACSDiva</div><div>suggested: (BD FACSDiva Software, RRID:SCR_001456)</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>FlowJo</div><div>suggested: (FlowJo, RRID:SCR_008520)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sequence analysis was performed using MacVector.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>MacVector</div><div>suggested: (MacVector, RRID:SCR_015700)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Cryo-EM data collection and processing: Single-particle cryo-EM data were collected on a Titan Krios transmission electron microscope (Thermo Fisher) equipped with a Gatan K3 direct detector, operating at 300 kV and controlled using SerialEM automated data collection software (Mastronarde, 2005).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>SerialEM</div><div>suggested: (SerialEM, RRID:SCR_017293)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">The particles were used to generate ab initio models, which were then used for heterogeneous refinement of the entire dataset in cryoSPARC.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>cryoSPARC</div><div>suggested: (cryoSPARC, RRID:SCR_016501)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">py implemented by Change-O v0.4.5</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Change-O</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: Thank you for sharing your code and data.

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
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    URL

    biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.13.491823
  93. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.10.22274804
    1
    1. sciscore 16 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.10.22274804: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      No key resources detected.

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

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    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.10.22274804
  94. www.biorxiv.org www.biorxiv.org
    https://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.13.491759
    1
    1. sciscore 16 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.13.491759: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      No key resources detected.

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.13.491759
  95. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.12.22275015
    1
    1. sciscore 16 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.12.22275015: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      No key resources detected.

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:

      However, there are limitations to these results. Indeed, while the final numbers of infections and deaths are guaranteed to decrease, this is not necessarily true at a given finite time. In particular, vaccination can move the peak of the epidemic, and so it is important to consider the consequences of this, particularly if only a small number of lives are saved by vaccination. Moreover, while this has not been discussed in this paper, it is also important to emphasise that these results only apply if vaccine efficacy does not decay over time. Indeed, if vaccination efficacy does decay significantly, then vaccinating the most vulnerable groups in a population very early may be worse than vaccinating them later, unless booster jabs are available. If the main epidemic occurs long after the vulnerable have been vaccinated, their immunity may have worn off significantly by the time that the majority of disease exposure occurs. Thus, in this case a more detailed analysis would be needed to determine the optimal vaccination rate. It seems to the authors that future models for optimal vaccination should use the unvaccinated-only model used in in this paper, where vaccines are distributed randomly to the unvaccinated, rather than the entire population. While for small total vaccination numbers, the difference between the two models is small, when a significant proportion of the population is vaccinated, there can be large differences between the optimal policies, as was shown through...

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

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    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.12.22275015
  96. www.biorxiv.org www.biorxiv.org
    https://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.13.491706
    1
    1. sciscore 16 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.13.491706: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      No key resources detected.

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
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    URL

    biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.13.491706
  97. www.biorxiv.org www.biorxiv.org
    https://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.12.491597
    1
    1. sciscore 15 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.12.491597: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Animal studies: 6- to 8-week-old female C57BL/6 and male BALB/c mice were purchased from Vital River (Beijing, China).</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Cell Line Authentication</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Antibodies</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">After incubation at 37 °C, 5% CO2 for 48 h, plates were washed with wash buffer and biotinylated anti-mouse IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-2, IL-4 or IL-6 antibody was added to each well followed by incubation for 2 h at room temperature.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>anti-mouse IFN-γ</div><div>suggested: None</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>TNF-α</div><div>suggested: None</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>IL-2</div><div>suggested: None</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>IL-4</div><div>suggested: None</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>IL-6</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Splenocytes were twice washed with PBS and stained with fluorescently conjugated antibodies to CD3 (APC) (BioLegend), CD4 (Brilliant Violet 605™) (BioLegend), CD8 (Brilliant Violet 421™) (BioLegend), CD44 (PE) (BioLegend) or CD62L (FITC) (BioLegend)</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>CD3</div><div>suggested: (Abcam Cat# ab52305, RRID:AB_955118)</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>CD4</div><div>suggested: (RayBiotech Cat# CS-11-0133, RRID:AB_1228052)</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>CD8</div><div>suggested: (RayBiotech Cat# CS-11-0250, RRID:AB_1228199)</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>CD44</div><div>suggested: None</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>CD62L</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Experimental Models: Cell Lines</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Cell lines: Human cell line HEK293T were cultured in DMEM (BI) supplemented with 10% fetal calf serum (Gibco) and penicillin/streptomycin antibiotics (100 U/mL penicillin, 100 μg/mL streptomycin, Gibco).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>HEK293T</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">HEK293F cells were maintained in Free Style™ 293 Expression Medium.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>HEK293F</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">900 μg of plasmid was mixed with 2.7 mL PEI (1mg/mL) and 45 mL Opti-MEM medium and added to 150 mL 293F cells, with cell density as 1.5 × 106/mL.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>293F</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Experimental Models: Organisms/Strains</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Animal studies: 6- to 8-week-old female C57BL/6 and male BALB/c mice were purchased from Vital River (Beijing, China).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>C57BL/6</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Lipid clearance in a murine model: Male BALB/c mice were IV injected with 20 μg of mRNA delivered by LNP.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>BALB/c</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">In vivo biodistribution and luciferase mRNA delivery studies: Male BABL/c mice received injections of LNP containing 10 μg Fluc mRNA by IMinjection and luciferase imaging was conducted on an IVIS (PerkinElmer, Waltham, MA).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>BABL/c</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Female WT C57BL/6 mice or B6/JGpt-ApoEem1Cd82/Gpt (ApoE−/−) mice received injections of LNP by IV injection.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>B6/JGpt-ApoEem1Cd82/Gpt</div><div>suggested: RRID:IMSR_GPT:T001458)</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>ApoE−/−</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Recombinant DNA</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Gene cloning and vector construction: DNA fragments that contain PIE elements, IRES, coding regions and others were chemically synthesized and cloned into pUC57 plasmid vector.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>pUC57</div><div>suggested: RRID:Addgene_40306)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Protein expression and purification: The plasmid pcDNA3.1(+)-RBD for the expression of RBD trimer was transfected to HEK293F by 25 kd PEI (Shanghai Maokang Co.,Ltd).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>pcDNA3.1</div><div>suggested: RRID:Addgene_79663)</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">The fluorescence intensity was plotted against pH values and fitted using a four-parameter logistic equation (GraphPad Prism).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>GraphPad</div><div>suggested: (GraphPad Prism, RRID:SCR_002798)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">6- to 8-week-old female B6/JGpt-ApoEem1Cd82/Gpt mice were purchased form GemPharmatech (Nanjing, China).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>GemPharmatech</div><div>suggested: (GemPharmatech, RRID:SCR_017239)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Data are analyzed with FlowJo software.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>FlowJo</div><div>suggested: (FlowJo, RRID:SCR_008520)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Image analysis was conducted using Living Image software.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Living Image</div><div>suggested: (Living Image software, RRID:SCR_014247)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No funding statement was detected.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
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    URL

    biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.12.491597
  98. www.biorxiv.org www.biorxiv.org
    https://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.11.491557
    1
    1. sciscore 15 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.11.491557: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      NIH rigor criteria are not applicable to paper type.

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Parameter Fitting and Numerical Solution: Subject-specific parameters were fit with a variety of built-in MATLAB methods that are part of the Global Optimization toolbox [24].</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>MATLAB</div><div>suggested: (MATLAB, RRID:SCR_001622)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No funding statement was detected.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

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    URL

    biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.11.491557
  99. www.biorxiv.org www.biorxiv.org
    https://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.10.491351
    1
    1. sciscore 15 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.10.491351: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Cell Line Authentication</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Antibodies</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Cell culture, chemicals and antibodies: The lung cancer cells (A549) used in this study were obtained from Cell Line Service (CLS)-GmbH and were maintained in RPMI (Cat. # 00506 Gibco, Life Technologies, Rockville, UK) complemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) (Cat. # 02187 Gibco, Life Technologies, Rockville, UK) and 100 U/ml penicillin streptomycin glutamine (Cat. # 01574 Gibco, Life Technologies, Rockville,</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>A549</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Antibodies against phospho-EGFR (Cat. # 4407), EGFR (Cat. # 4267), phospho-ERK1/2 (Cat. # 9106), ERK1/2 (Cat. # 4695),</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>phospho-EGFR</div><div>suggested: None</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>EGFR</div><div>suggested: (Nolan lab - Stanford Cat# 4267, RRID:AB_2864406)</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>phospho-ERK1/2</div><div>suggested: None</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>ERK1/2</div><div>suggested: (Cell Signaling Technology Cat# 4695, RRID:AB_390779)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Horseradish peroxidase-conjugated anti-IgG was used as secondary antibody.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>anti-IgG</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Experimental Models: Cell Lines</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Cell culture, chemicals and antibodies: The lung cancer cells (A549) used in this study were obtained from Cell Line Service (CLS)-GmbH and were maintained in RPMI (Cat. # 00506 Gibco, Life Technologies, Rockville, UK) complemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) (Cat. # 02187 Gibco, Life Technologies, Rockville, UK) and 100 U/ml penicillin streptomycin glutamine (Cat. # 01574 Gibco, Life Technologies, Rockville,</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>A549</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
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    URL

    biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.10.491351
  100. www.biorxiv.org www.biorxiv.org
    https://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.12.491584
    1
    1. sciscore 15 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.12.491584: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      No key resources detected.

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.12.491584
  101. www.biorxiv.org www.biorxiv.org
    https://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.10.491349
    1
    1. sciscore 14 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.10.491349: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Recombinant DNA</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Protein expression of Nsp15 variants: WT Nsp15 was previously synthesized by Genscript (Piscataway, NJ), and contains an N-terminal His tag with thrombin and TEV cleavage sites in pET14b [28].</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>pET14b</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">The sequences of Nsp15 isolates were then aligned to that of the original Wuhan isolate (GenBank NC_045512.2) using the nucmer command from MUMmer 4.0 package [53] with default parameters.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>MUMmer</div><div>suggested: (MUMmer, RRID:SCR_018171)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: Thank you for sharing your data.

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.10.491349
  102. www.biorxiv.org www.biorxiv.org
    https://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.11.491588
    1
    1. sciscore 14 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.11.491588: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Cell Line Authentication</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Antibodies</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Single-chain Fv format bispecific antibodies were designed from the sequences of the variable regions of monoclonal antibodies 35B5 and 47D10 (ScFv 35B5-47D10) or 47D10 and 35B5 (ScFv 47D10-35B5), utilizing tandem glycine-serine (G4S)</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>47D10</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Bispecific antibody isolation and purification: Briefly, bsAbs were efficiently purified by using Protein A Sepharose affinity chromatography medium (GenScript, L00210-10).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>L00210-10</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Following washing 3 times, mouse anti-human IgG Fc secondary antibody with HRP (Abcam) was added and incubated at 37°C for 1 h, followed by washing with PBST.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>mouse anti-human IgG Fc secondary antibody</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">After further washing, bound SARS-CoV-2 RBD protein was detected with anti-mouse Fc HRP antibody (Abcam) diluted 1:10000 in blocking solution followed by washing with PBST.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>anti-mouse Fc HRP</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">After washing, the cells were incubated with bsAbs, monoclonal human anti-SARS-CoV-2 RBD antibody 35B5 or monoclonal human anti-SARS-CoV-2 S2 antibody 47D10 (5 μg per well) for 1 hour on ice, followed by FITC-conjugated anti-human IgG (1:100) (ZSGB-Bio, ZF-0308) for 1 hour on ice away from light.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>anti-SARS-CoV-2 RBD</div><div>suggested: (Bio X Cell Cat# BE0357, RRID:AB_2894776)</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>anti-SARS-CoV-2</div><div>suggested: (Bio X Cell Cat# BE0358, RRID:AB_2894777)</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>anti-human IgG</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Experimental Models: Cell Lines</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Cells and plasmids: HEK293T cells producing pseudovirus and HEK293 cells overexpressing recombinant human ACE2 (293/hACE2) were preserved in our laboratory and maintained in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM, Thermo Fisher) containing 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS, Gibco) and 1% penicillin–streptomycin and were incubated at 37ºC with 5% CO2 and 95% humidity.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>HEK293T</div><div>suggested: None</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>HEK293</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">In brief, pseudoviruses were produced by using PEI to cotransfect 293T cells with psPAX2, pLenti-GFP and plasmids encoding SARS-CoV-2 S, SARS-CoV-2 VOCs S, SARS-CoV S, RaTG S or empty vector at a ratio of 1:1:1.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>293T</div><div>suggested: KCB Cat# KCB 200744YJ, RRID:CVCL_0063)</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Recombinant DNA</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Codon-optimized ScFvs DNA sequences were synthesized and cloned into the pUC57 cloning vector (GenScript, Piscataway, NJ) and subcloned into the eukaryotic cell expression vector AbVec-hIgG1 between the AgeI and Hind III sites.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>pUC57</div><div>suggested: RRID:Addgene_40306)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">The pcDNA3.1-hACE2 plasmid with human codon optimization, plasmids encoding WT SARS-CoV-2 S glycoprotein, SARS-CoV-2 VBM spike protein, SARS-CoV-2 VOC S glycoprotein, RaTG S glycoprotein, lentiviral packaging plasmid psPAX2 and pLenti-GFP lentiviral reporter plasmid were generously gifted by Dr. Zhaohui Qian.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>pcDNA3.1-hACE2</div><div>suggested: RRID:Addgene_145033)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">In brief, pseudoviruses were produced by using PEI to cotransfect 293T cells with psPAX2, pLenti-GFP and plasmids encoding SARS-CoV-2 S, SARS-CoV-2 VOCs S, SARS-CoV S, RaTG S or empty vector at a ratio of 1:1:1.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>psPAX2</div><div>suggested: RRID:Addgene_12260)</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>pLenti-GFP</div><div>suggested: RRID:Addgene_172394)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">For the pseudovirus neutralization assay, HEK293 (hACE2/293) cells 80-90% confluent in T75 cell culture flasks were transfected with 20 μg of plasmid encoding hACE2 for 36 hours and seeded into 24-well plates the day before transduction with pseudovirus.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>hACE2</div><div>suggested: RRID:Addgene_1786)</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Cells were acquired by flow cytometry (BD Biosciences) and analyzed using FlowJo.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>FlowJo</div><div>suggested: (FlowJo, RRID:SCR_008520)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Statistical analysis: All statistical analyses were performed using GraphPad Prism 9.0 software.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>GraphPad Prism</div><div>suggested: (GraphPad Prism, RRID:SCR_002798)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">PyMol was used to prepare all the structure figures (Schrodinger: https://www.schrodinger.com/pymol).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>PyMol</div><div>suggested: (PyMOL, RRID:SCR_000305)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • No conflict of interest statement was detected. If there are no conflicts, we encourage authors to explicit state so.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.11.491588
  103. www.biorxiv.org www.biorxiv.org
    https://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.11.491583
    1
    1. sciscore 14 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.11.491583: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      NIH rigor criteria are not applicable to paper type.

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">We use periodic boundary conditions, spc216 water model and GROMOS9353a632 force field for simulations in GROMACS 2018.6 package.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>GROMACS</div><div>suggested: (GROMACS, RRID:SCR_014565)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
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    Annotators

    URL

    biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.11.491583
  104. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.12.22274823
    1
    1. sciscore 14 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.12.22274823: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">IRB: The use of patients residual materials by the National Reference Center for coronaviruses for SARS-CoV-2 research was approved by the UZ Leuven Ethics Committee.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      No key resources detected.

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
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    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.12.22274823
  105. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.04.02.22273339
    1
    1. sciscore 14 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.04.02.22273339: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Consent: The ethics in this study are: informed consent, anonymity (without a name), and Confidentiality (confidentiality).</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      No key resources detected.

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.04.02.22273339
  106. www.biorxiv.org www.biorxiv.org
    https://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.10.491295
    1
    1. sciscore 14 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.10.491295: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Field Sample Permit: The study was carried out following a protocol approved by the ANSES/EnvA/UPEC Ethics Committee (CE2A-16) and authorized by the French ministry of Research under the number APAFIS#25384-2020041515287655 v6 in accordance with the French and European regulations.<br>IRB: The study was carried out following a protocol approved by the ANSES/EnvA/UPEC Ethics Committee (CE2A-16) and authorized by the French ministry of Research under the number APAFIS#25384-2020041515287655 v6 in accordance with the French and European regulations.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Golden Syrian hamster infections and assessment of αREPs antiviral activity: Hamster infections: Thirty-two specific-pathogen-free (SPF) 8 weeks-old Golden Syrian hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus, males, provided by Janvier-Labs, Le Genest-Saint-Isle, France) housed under BSL-III conditions were kept according to the standards of French law for animal experimentation.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Cell Line Authentication</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Antibodies</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">The sections were then incubated overnight in PBS with 0.2% BSA and 0.05% Tween-20 with primary antibodies directed against SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid Protein (1:500; mouse monoclonal, # ZMS1075, Merck);</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid Protein ( 1:500</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Fluorescence staining was performed using goat anti-rabbit Alexa-Fluor-488 (1:800; Molecular Probes – A32731; Invitrogen, Cergy Pontoise, France) and donkey anti-mouse Alexa-Fluor 555 (1:800; Molecular Probes – A32773; Invitrogen, Cergy Pontoise, France) secondary antibodies.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>anti-rabbit</div><div>suggested: (Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# A32731, RRID:AB_2633280)</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>anti-mouse</div><div>suggested: (Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# A32773, RRID:AB_2762848)</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Experimental Models: Cell Lines</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Briefly, HEK-293TT cells (106 cells per P6 well) were transfected with plasmids encoding GAG-POL, F-LUC and SARS-CoV-2 spikes.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>HEK-293TT</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Viral stocks were prepared by propagation in Vero E6 cells in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM) supplemented with 2% (v/v</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Vero E6</div><div>suggested: RRID:CVCL_XD71)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">This mixture was added to Vero-E6 cells (CRL-1586, ATCC) seeded in a 96-well plate one day before.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Vero-E6</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">To prepare the virus working stocks, a 25cm2 culture flask of confluent VeroE6 TMPRSS2 cells growing with MEM medium with 2.5% FCS was inoculated at a multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 0.001.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>VeroE6 TMPRSS2</div><div>suggested: JCRB Cat# JCRB1819, RRID:CVCL_YQ49)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">EC50 and EC90 determination: One day prior to infection, 5×104 VeroE6/TMPRSS2 cells per well were seeded in 100 µL assay medium (containing 2.5% FCS) in 96 well culture plates.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>VeroE6/TMPRSS2</div><div>suggested: JCRB Cat# JCRB1819, RRID:CVCL_YQ49)</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Experimental Models: Organisms/Strains</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">SARS CoV-2 Beta (SA lineage B 1.351) was isolated in France in 2021, The strain is available through EVA GLOBAL: UVE/SARS-CoV-2/2021/FR/1299-ex SA (lineage B 1.351) at https://www.european-virus-archive.com/virus/sars-cov-2-uvesars-cov-22021fr1299-ex-sa-lineage-b-1351. Sars-Cov-2 Gamma (SARS-CoV-2/2021/JP/TY7-503 lineage P.1, ex Brazil) was isolated in Japan in January 2021.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Sars-Cov-2 Gamma</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Recombinant DNA</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Production of the receptor binding domain (RBD) of the SARS-CoV-2 spike: The RBD (223 amino acids starting at position 319 of the spike sequence) coding sequence was cloned in frame behind a sequence encoding a signal peptide and in front of a His-tag coding sequence in the eukaryotic pYD11 expression plasmid.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>pYD11</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">αReps expression and purification: The αRep genes encoding the RBD binders were subcloned in the bacterial expression vector pQE81 and resulting plasmids used for transforming Rosetta cells.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>pQE81</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">The sections were then incubated overnight in PBS with 0.2% BSA and 0.05% Tween-20 with primary antibodies directed against SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid Protein (1:500; mouse monoclonal, # ZMS1075, Merck);</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Merck)</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Images were quantified using ImageJ (Rasband, W.S., ImageJ, U. S. National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA, http://imagej.nih.gov/ij/, 1997–2012) to threshold specific staining of SARS-CoV-2 in the dorso-medial area of the nasal cavity.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>ImageJ</div><div>suggested: (ImageJ, RRID:SCR_003070)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">All data obtained were analyzed using GraphPad Prism 8 software (Graphpad software).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>GraphPad Prism</div><div>suggested: (GraphPad Prism, RRID:SCR_002798)</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Graphpad</div><div>suggested: (GraphPad, RRID:SCR_000306)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

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    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.10.491295
  107. www.biorxiv.org www.biorxiv.org
    https://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.09.491227
    1
    1. sciscore 14 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.09.491227: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      NIH rigor criteria are not applicable to paper type.

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Inferring the selective advantage of VOCs: Finally, the selective advantage s of the VOCs is determined by fitting an exponential function, f(t), of the form, f(t)=aest, to the proportion of Alpha, Beta, and Gamma variants sampled in the country where they were first detected (i.e., UK, South Africa, and Brazil) using the NonlinearModelFit function in Mathematica 11.0 (cite Mathematica).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Gamma</div><div>suggested: (GAMMA, RRID:SCR_009484)</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Mathematica</div><div>suggested: (Wolfram Mathematica, RRID:SCR_014448)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: Thank you for sharing your code.

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No funding statement was detected.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
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    Annotators

    URL

    biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.09.491227
  108. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.09.22274776
    1
    1. sciscore 14 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.09.22274776: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      NIH rigor criteria are not applicable to paper type.

      Table 2: Resources

      No key resources detected.

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:

      4.2 Limitations: There are several potential limitations of the proposed approach. First, it requires data that is not rate limited (eg., data from the standard Twitter streaming API). Anomalous increases may not be detectable from rate limited streams since large increases in volume are likely to be dampened by the APIs. For real-time fraudulent product candidate detection, deployment needs to be on streaming data, although it is also possible to periodically run the anomaly detection scripts on stored, static data. Second, we were only able to calculate the percentage of early detection within our given sample, and based on the current data, we were unable to realistically estimate confidence intervals for the percentage values reported. Third, the anomaly detection approach relies on characteristic abrupt increases in chatter volumes about a given topic. It is possible that some fraudulent products may gain popularity gradually, causing the normalized counts to never go beyond the standard deviation threshold. In such cases, varying the window size (eg., using 7-day moving averages) and/or lowering the standard deviation thresholds may improve the detection capability of the method. However, lowering the standard deviation threshold is also likely to result in larger numbers of false positives—an aspect that we did not take into account in this study. We believe that not taking false positives into account in the current study is justifiable since in practical settings, al...

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.09.22274776
  109. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.09.22274623
    1
    1. sciscore 14 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.09.22274623: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Since information on symptoms was self-reported and we assumed ‘between person’-variation with respect to self-reported symptoms and testing behaviour, we chose not to include multiple symptomatic periods per person, but instead randomly chose one symptomatic period per person.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      No key resources detected.

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.09.22274623
  110. www.biorxiv.org www.biorxiv.org
    https://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.09.491254
    1
    1. sciscore 14 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.09.491254: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">IRB: EXPERIMENTAL MODELS AND SUBJECT DETAILS: MATERIALS AND METHODS: Human subjects: This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of the University of Hong Kong/Hospital Authority Hong Kong West Cluster (Ref No. UW 21-452).<br>Consent: Written informed consent and questionnaire of vaccination and infection were obtained from these subjects.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Cell Line Authentication</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Antibodies</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Antigen-specific B cells: To characterize the SARS-CoV-2 Spike-specific B cells, PBMCs from each vaccinee were first stained with an antibody cocktail contained dead cell dye (Zombie aquae), CD3-Pacific Blue, CD14-Pacific Blue, CD56-Pacific Blue, CD19-BV785, IgD-BV605, IgG-PE, CD27-BV711, CD21-PE/Cy7, CD38-Percp/Cy5.5, CD11C-APC/Fire750 and His-tag Spike protein.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>IgD-BV605, IgG-PE</div><div>suggested: None</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>CD38-Percp/Cy5.5</div><div>suggested: None</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>CD11C-APC/Fire750</div><div>suggested: None</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>His-tag Spike protein.</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Cells were then washed with FACS buffer (PBS with 2% FBS) and further stained with the secondary antibodies including APC anti-His and DyLight 488 anti-his antibodies.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>anti-His</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Experimental Models: Cell Lines</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">In brief, different SARS-CoV-2 pseudotyped viruses were generated through co-transfection of 293T cells with 2 plasmids, pSARS-CoV-2 S and pNL4-3Luc_Env_Vpr, carrying the optimized SARS-CoV-2 S gene and a human immunodeficiency virus type 1 backbone, respectively.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>293T</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">The plasma-virus mixtures were then added into pre-seeded HEK293T-hACE2 cells.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>HEK293T-hACE2</div><div>suggested: RRID:CVCL_A7UK)</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Recombinant DNA</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">In brief, different SARS-CoV-2 pseudotyped viruses were generated through co-transfection of 293T cells with 2 plasmids, pSARS-CoV-2 S and pNL4-3Luc_Env_Vpr, carrying the optimized SARS-CoV-2 S gene and a human immunodeficiency virus type 1 backbone, respectively.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>pNL4-3Luc_Env_Vpr</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">For intracellular staining, cells were fixed and permeabilized with BD Cytofix/Cytoperm (BD Biosciences) prior to staining with the mAbs against IFN-γ-PE, TNF-α-AF488 and IL-2-PE-Cy7.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>BD Cytofix/Cytoperm</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Stained cells were acquired by FACSAriaIII Flow Cytometer (BD Biosciences) and analyzed with FlowJo software (v10.6) (BD Bioscience).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>FlowJo</div><div>suggested: (FlowJo, RRID:SCR_008520)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Correlation plots and heatmap visualizations: Correlograms plotting the Spearman rank correlation coefficient (r), between all parameter pairs were generated with the corrplot package (v0.84) (Wei and Sikmo, 2017) running under R (v3.6.1) in Rstudio (1.1.456).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Rstudio</div><div>suggested: (RStudio, RRID:SCR_000432)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Spearman rank two-tailed P values were calculated using corr.test (psych v1.8.12) and graphed (ggplot2 v3.1.1) based on *p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>ggplot2</div><div>suggested: (ggplot2, RRID:SCR_014601)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Statistical analysis: Statistical analysis was performed using PRISM 8.0.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>PRISM</div><div>suggested: (PRISM, RRID:SCR_005375)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:

      Limitations of the study: There are some limitations in our study. First, we were unable to obtain blood samples from our subjects after they became infected and quarantined. We, therefore, could not determine the B and T cell activation post BA.2 infection. Nevertheless, vaccine breakthrough infections often recall rapid NAbs and T responses against various VOCs, including Omicron (Collier et al., 2022; Suntronwong et al., 2022; Zhou et al., 2022). Second, most of our infected vaccinees were confirmed infection by self-RAT, thus the effect of different vaccine regimens on controlling viral loads was not determined. It remains necessary to compare the dynamics and magnitudes of recalled immune responses among vaccinees with BA.2 breakthrough infection patients in the future. In summary, we report that 3×BNT and 3×CorV provided better protection against SARS-COV-2 BA.2 than 2×BNT and 2×CorV. High frequencies of S-specific activated memory B cells and cross-reactive T cell responses induced by the third vaccination are critical for protection and illness reduction during the Omicron BA.2 breakthrough infection.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

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    URL

    biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.09.491254
  111. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.10.22274813
    1
    1. sciscore 14 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.10.22274813: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      NIH rigor criteria are not applicable to paper type.

      Table 2: Resources

      No key resources detected.

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:

      Strengths and weaknesses of the study: The chosen capnography device had water-removal tubing, and real-time monitoring, ensuring reliable and reproducible CO2 measurements.(26) Indeed, relative humidity ranges 42-91% in exhaled air,(11) potentially altering CO2 assessments,(12) which might explain the differences with the measurements of previous studies.(9, 10) Additionally, we examined the largest sample, so far, of healthy individuals of various ages, comparing both surgical masks and FFP2 respirators.(9, 10) This study has also limitations that must be considered. First, although the sample size is the largest as yet, it is still relatively scarce, especially for the minors. Secondly, the volume of the dead space within the mask could not be assessed for each participant, and therefore we could not closely inspect the possible influence of face shape and individual added dead space on the inhaled air CO2. Thirdly, the instrument’s precision of 1.5 mmHg (1974 ppm) widens the uncertainty around the measurements. Importantly, however, when 1974 ppm are subtracted to the mean inhaled air CO2, the CO2 in surgical masks decreases to about 3000 ppm, while it still exceeds the 5000 ppm threshold with FFP2 respirators.(18) Lastly, the experimental conditions, with participants at complete rest and in a constantly ventilated room, were far from those experienced by workers and students during a typical day, normally spent in rooms shared with other people or doing some degree of p...

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No funding statement was detected.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

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    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.10.22274813
  112. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.09.22274860
    1
    1. sciscore 14 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.09.22274860: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">IACUC: Appropriate ethical approval was obtained from the institute’s ethical committee before accessing the desired data [CTRI/2020/08/027169].</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Microsoft Excel spreadsheet was used for data management.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Microsoft Excel</div><div>suggested: (Microsoft Excel, RRID:SCR_016137)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Data analysis was conducted on SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 25.0, two proportion chi square test was performed for inferential statistics.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>SPSS</div><div>suggested: (SPSS, RRID:SCR_002865)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
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    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.09.22274860
  113. www.biorxiv.org www.biorxiv.org
    https://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.09.491201
    1
    1. sciscore 14 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.09.491201: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Consent: Enrollment of COVID-19 vaccinees and human sample collection: This work results from a collaboration with the Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Siena (IT) that provided samples from COVID-19 vaccinated donors, of both sexes, who gave their written consent.<br>IRB: The study was approved by the Comitato Etico di Area Vasta Sud Est (CEAVSE) ethics committees</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Enrollment of COVID-19 vaccinees and human sample collection: This work results from a collaboration with the Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese, Siena (IT) that provided samples from COVID-19 vaccinated donors, of both sexes, who gave their written consent.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">This study was unblinded and not randomized.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">No statistical methods were used to predetermine sample size.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Cell Line Authentication</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Antibodies</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Anti-Human IgG –Peroxidase antibody (Fab specific) produced in goat (Sigma) diluted 1:45000 in sample buffer was then added and samples incubated for 1 h at 37°C.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Anti-Human IgG –Peroxidase antibody</div><div>suggested: None</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Anti-Human IgG</div><div>suggested: (Abcam Cat# ab45000, RRID:AB_732293)</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Experimental Models: Cell Lines</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">The mixture was then added to the wells of a 96-well plate containing a sub-confluent Vero E6 cell monolayer.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Vero E6</div><div>suggested: RRID:CVCL_XD71)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">HEK293TN-hACE2 cell line generation: HEK293TN-hACE2 cell line was generated by lentiviral transduction of HEK293TN (System Bioscience) cells as described in Notarbartolo S. et al25</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>HEK293TN-hACE2</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Recombinant DNA</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">The transfer vector pLENTI_hACE2_HygR was obtained by cloning of hACE2 from pcDNA3.1-hACE2 (Addgene #145033) into pLenti-CMV-GFP-Hygro (Addgene #17446).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>pLENTI_hACE2_HygR</div><div>suggested: RRID:Addgene_155296)</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>pcDNA3.1-hACE2</div><div>suggested: RRID:Addgene_145033)</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>pLenti-CMV-GFP-Hygro</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Production of SARS-CoV-1 pseudoparticles: SARS-CoV-1 lentiviral pseudotype particles were generated as described in Conforti et al. for SARS-CoV-226 by using the SARS-CoV1 SPIKE plasmid pcDNA3.3_CoV1_D28 (</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>SPIKE</div><div>suggested: None</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>pcDNA3.3_CoV1_D28</div><div>suggested: RRID:Addgene_170447)</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">FACSDiva</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>FACSDiva</div><div>suggested: (BD FACSDiva Software, RRID:SCR_001456)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Software (version 9) was used for data acquisition and analysis was performed using FlowJo (version 10).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>FlowJo</div><div>suggested: (FlowJo, RRID:SCR_008520)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Obtained relative light units (RLUs) were normalized to controls and dose response curve were generated by nonlinear regression curve fitting with GraphPad Prism to calculate Neutralization Dose 50 (ND50).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>GraphPad Prism</div><div>suggested: (GraphPad Prism, RRID:SCR_002798)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">A network graph was generated with the R package ggraph v2.0.5 (https://ggraph.data-imaginist.com/index.html) with Fruchterman-Reingold layout algorithm and the figure was assembled with ggplot2 v3.3.5.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>ggplot2</div><div>suggested: (ggplot2, RRID:SCR_014601)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">GraphPad Software, Inc.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>GraphPad</div><div>suggested: (GraphPad Prism, RRID:SCR_002798)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
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    Annotators

    URL

    biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.09.491201
  114. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.10.22274918
    1
    1. sciscore 14 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.10.22274918: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      NIH rigor criteria are not applicable to paper type.

      Table 2: Resources

      No key resources detected.

      Results from OddPub: Thank you for sharing your data.

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:

      Paradoxically, research shows that unrealistically optimistic people less often follow the rules and respect limitations. In fact, they tend to ignore protective measures and thus contribute to the spread of the virus. A positive illusion can therefore be a knife that cuts both sides: from an individual’s perspective, the belief that preventive measures are readily available strengthens the illusion of control, but it actually leads to the ignoring of limitations, which not only does not reduce the risk but also seriously increases it. We did not expect to report the unrealistic optimism in regard to a severe course of COVID-19. The degree of desirability which refers to the severity of the consequences according to the Weinstein model (7) increases the pressure for a more realistic risk assessment. As the risk of a wrong and inadequate assessment of the situation increases, individuals pay higher costs for their wrong decisions. The results obtained are consistent with our assumptions that an individual will not be prone to unrealistic optimism when assessing a serious course of the disease. However, there is an interesting exception regarding people who knew someone who died from a COVID-19 infection. The results obtained in Study 2 show that people who experienced the death of a person they knew are unrealistically optimistic in regards to the assessment their own chances of a severe course of COVID-19. Knowing a person who died of COVID-19 may indicate the role of persona...

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

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    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.10.22274918
  115. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.10.22274906
    1
    1. sciscore 14 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.10.22274906: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">IRB: Ethics statement: The ethics committee (EC) of the Medical University of Innsbruck has approved the study with EC numbers: 1100/2020, 1111/2020, 1330/2020, 1064/2021, 1093/2021, 1168/2021, 1191/2021, and 1197/2021.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Cell Line Authentication</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Experimental Models: Cell Lines</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Viruses were grown on Vero cells stably overexpressing TMPRSS2 and ACE2.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Vero</div><div>suggested: CLS Cat# 605372/p622_VERO, RRID:CVCL_0059)</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">1,19 Continuous 50% neutralization titers were calculated in GraphPad Prism 9.0.1</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>GraphPad Prism</div><div>suggested: (GraphPad Prism, RRID:SCR_002798)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">(GraphPad Software, Inc., La Jolla, CA, USA) using a non-linear regression.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>GraphPad</div><div>suggested: (GraphPad Prism, RRID:SCR_002798)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:

      One limitation of our study is that most samples were collected shortly after infection and therefore we could not analyze longevity of cross-neutralizing antibodies. However, others also found improved levels and durability of cross-neutralizing antibodies after three or more exposures (vaccination or infection).3,8,27 In a non-human primate model, titers of cross-neutralizing antibodies were similarly increased by either a third dose of a wild type-specific mRNA vaccine or a beta-specific mRNA vaccine after two doses of a wild type-specific mRNA vaccine.28 We propose three hypotheses for the improved cross-neutralization after repeated exposure even for non-exposed variants. Firstly, this could be a consequence of antibody saturation against the encountered virus variants while the reactivity against unencountered viruses could still be boosted with overall increasing antibody titers, resulting in smaller differences in neutralization between exposed and unexposed variants with overall increased antibody titers. Secondly, the prior encounter of two different pre-omicron variants could boost immunity against conserved epitopes shared with the two omicron sub-lineages. Some monoclonal antibodies have been shown to retain activity against BA.1 and/or BA.2 omicron.29 Thirdly, the broad polyclonality of the response after exposure to two different variants might contribute to omicron neutralization, as a cocktail of monoclonal antibodies was reported to improve neutralization of...

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.10.22274906
  116. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.10.22274912
    1
    1. sciscore 14 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.10.22274912: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Consent: The CoVacSer study participants had to meet the following inclusion criteria: (i) age ≥ 18 years, (ii) signed consent form, (iii) 14 days minimal interval after first polymerase chain reaction (PCR) derived confirmation of SARS-CoV-2 infection and/or at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccination independent of the vaccination concept, and (iv) employment in the healthcare sector.<br>IRB: 2.4 Ethical approval: The study protocol was approved by the Ethics committee of the University of Wuerzburg in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki (file no. 79/21).</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Statistical differences between the age distributions of male and female HCWs were separately calculated with the Kolmogorov Smirnov test against the corresponding age distribution within the German population in 2019 [26].</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Antibodies</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">For detecting Anti-SARS-CoV-2-Spike IgG antibody levels beyond the maximum limit of 250 U/ml (525.0 BAU/ml), serum blood samples were diluted based on a dilution series with dilution factors both 10 and 100.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Anti-SARS-CoV-2-Spike IgG</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">The questionnaire survey including WHOQOL-BREF [14, 15] and WAI [16] was performed using REDCap (Research Electronic Data Capture, projectredcap.org). 2.3 SARS-CoV-2 IgG ELISA: Anti-SARS-CoV-2-Spike IgG titres were determined by SERION ELISA agile SARS-CoV-2 IgG (SERION Diagnostics, Wuerzburg, Germany), technically carried out as an enzyme linked immunoassay (ELISA).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>REDCap</div><div>suggested: (REDCap, RRID:SCR_003445)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: Thank you for sharing your code and data.

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:

      The data presented should be interpreted considering the possible influence of the following limitations. Firstly, the study population consists of 80.5% female HCWs and thereby represents the typical female focused gender composition in the public healthcare sector in Germany with a female share of 75.5% among HCWs in 2019 [32]. Nevertheless, due to the large study population and the gender differentiated data analysis, this only slightly limits the transferability of the described findings to both HCWs and the public. Secondly, the vaccines administered are heterogeneously distributed in our cohort, with BNT162b2mRNA double administration accounting for the largest proportion by far. The share of Anti-SARS-CoV-2-Spike IgG titres after vaccination with other COVID-19 vaccines than BNT162b2mRNA is consequently limited and needs to be investigated in further studies. Similarly, the intervals between the individual COVID-19 vaccine administrations vary as recommended vaccination intervals are not adhered to in all cases. This also limits the generalisability but represents a real-life scenario. Another limitation resides within unknown, not PCR confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infections, which might lead to higher Anti-SARS-CoV-2-Spike IgG levels after vaccination. Only Anti-SARS-CoV-2-Spike IgG were serologically obtained, consequently the differentiation of antibody levels being solely a result of COVID-19 vaccination or consequences of an unknown SARS-CoV-2 infection is not possible. H...

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.10.22274912
  117. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.10.22274919
    1
    1. sciscore 14 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.10.22274919: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      NIH rigor criteria are not applicable to paper type.

      Table 2: Resources

      No key resources detected.

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No funding statement was detected.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.10.22274919
  118. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.09.22274846
    1
    1. sciscore 14 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.09.22274846: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      NIH rigor criteria are not applicable to paper type.

      Table 2: Resources

      No key resources detected.

      Results from OddPub: Thank you for sharing your code.

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:

      Our study has several limitations. First, our epidemic model may not have captured the full complexity of the immune dynamics against SARS-CoV-2, which involves both vaccination and infections. For example, our model assumed that vaccinated individuals who had prior infection histories are completely protected against SARS-CoV-2. This design is intended to make sure that most individuals within the model receive a maximum of two doses. However, we cannot capture a small number of breakthrough infections that may still happen. However, these tend to be mild cases and thus should not affect our results substantially. (23) Second, the vaccine delivery and healthcare costs used for most countries in our study were extrapolated based on a small number of countries of different income groups, which may introduce bias. More accurate country-specific cost data should be incorporated. Third, for calculating YLLs, there was a lack of empirical evidence on the baseline life expectancy for COVID-19 deaths compared to that of the general population, although we explored different assumptions in the sensitivity analysis. Further research on COVID-19 death risk profiles may provide further insights into their differences. Fourth, our costs do not account for increased prices of scarce resources that may be associated with the pace of the roll-out, which would increase opportunity costs. Moreover, we do not use observed costs of different vaccination programmes, as this data is not yet avail...

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.09.22274846
  119. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.09.22274714
    1
    1. sciscore 14 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.09.22274714: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sample: The Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) study is an ongoing longitudinal study which recruited pregnant woman in the Avon region of South-West England, due to give birth between 1 April 1991 and 31 December 1992 (Boyd et al., 2013; Fraser et al., 2013; Northstone et al., 2019).</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Cell Line Authentication</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Authentication: This is designed to measure hyperactive and inattentive symptoms, ranges from 0-10, and has been validated against a DSM-5 diagnosis of ADHD (Riglin et al., 2021a), with a cut-point of ≥6 recommended to capture approximately 10% of the sample.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Statistical Analysis Procedure: All analyses were conducted in R (R Core Team, 2021)</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Statistical Analysis Procedure</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:

      For those with ADHD and females with ASD, depressive symptoms are the lowest during the first COVID timepoint, when the UK was in strictest national lockdown, with schools and many workplaces closed and limitations in place on socialising and leaving the house. Similarly, a longitudinal study in Western Australia showed that children and adolescents with ADHD reported decreases in depression and increases in positive wellbeing between pre-COVID and school closures due to the pandemic (Houghton et al., 2022). Qualitative studies in adults and children with ADHD have reported some positives of lockdown, including the flexibility of managing schedules, and less exposure to negative feedback (Ando et al., 2021; Bobo et al., 2020). Additionally, some individuals with ASD reported that the relief of day-to-day social demands was appreciated during the early lockdown, with less demands to camouflage or mask behaviour (Bundy et al., 2022). This potentially protective environment of lockdown may be particularly prevalent for females with ASD, for whom we saw the greatest decrease in depressive symptoms. Previous evidence indicates that females with ASD commonly mask or camouflage behaviours in social situations in order to ‘fit in’ (Hull et al., 2019; Hull et al., 2017) and camouflaging has been linked to greater symptoms of depression and anxiety in autistic adults (Hull et al., 2021). Therefore, it may be possible that the lack of expectation to socialise during the first COVID lock...

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.09.22274714
  120. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.09.22274802
    1
    1. sciscore 14 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.09.22274802: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">IRB: Oversight: Hamad Medical Corporation and Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar Institutional Review Boards approved this retrospective study with a waiver of informed consent.<br>Consent: Oversight: Hamad Medical Corporation and Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar Institutional Review Boards approved this retrospective study with a waiver of informed consent.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      No key resources detected.

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:

      This study has limitations. Effectiveness of only recent influenza vaccination was investigated. The analysis did not factor influenza vaccination from prior seasons. However, given that nonspecific immune activation may not last beyond few weeks, and in context of the relatively rapid waning of COVID-19 vaccine immunity17,25,48-50, the observed effectiveness of influenza vaccination is likely short lived. Matching was done for sex, age, nationality, reason for PCR testing, and bi-weekly PCR test date, but it was not possible for other factors, such as comorbidities. However, matching by these factors successfully controlled bias in our earlier studies17,20,22,25,37. The majority of HCWs in our sample were also young and less likely to be affected by comorbidities. Nonetheless, one cannot exclude the possibility that in real-world data, bias could arise in unexpected ways, or from unknown sources, such as subtle differences or changes in test-seeking behavior. With the young and occupational nature of our population, these findings may not generalize to the elderly population or to the wider general population. Notwithstanding these limitations, extensive sensitivity and additional analyses were conducted to investigate effects of potential bias in this study and in our earlier studies that used the same methodology. These included different adjustments and controls in the analysis and different study inclusion and exclusion criteria, to investigate whether effectiveness esti...

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.09.22274802
  121. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.10.22274905
    1
    1. sciscore 14 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.10.22274905: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      NIH rigor criteria are not applicable to paper type.

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Data catalogues derived from three public TCR databases with immunogenetic information were downloaded to investigate the MIRA dataset’s TCR involvement in immune response during other infections.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>MIRA</div><div>suggested: (MIRA, RRID:SCR_010731)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">All protein sequences were downloaded from UniProt87 and the cross-reactivity exploration was achieved with custom Python scripts and Circos88.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Python</div><div>suggested: (IPython, RRID:SCR_001658)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">The statistical, dimensionality reduction, ML and feature importance analyses were performed with in-house developed software based on Python’s scipy and scikit-learn as well as R’s dplyr, plyr, GLDEX, TSDT, stats, stringr and ggplot2 libraries.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Python’s</div><div>suggested: (PyMVPA, RRID:SCR_006099)</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>scipy</div><div>suggested: (SciPy, RRID:SCR_008058)</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>scikit-learn</div><div>suggested: (scikit-learn, RRID:SCR_002577)</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>ggplot2</div><div>suggested: (ggplot2, RRID:SCR_014601)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">The antigenic epitopes were aligned on reference sequences using Clustal algorithm and the 3-dimensional structure was generated with Jmol, within Jalview software based on 1AA7 (A and B chain view) and 6×29 (A chain view) Protein Data Bank89 entries for M1 and surface glycoprotein, respectively.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Jmol</div><div>suggested: (Jmol, RRID:SCR_003796)</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Jalview</div><div>suggested: (Jalview, RRID:SCR_006459)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:

      However, there are several limitations related to this study. The MIRA dataset includes a very limited number of samples associated with COVID-19-acute, COVID-19-non-acute and COVID-19-exposed cohorts, thus prohibiting any statistical or ML analysis to potentially connect TCR profile irregularities with disease severity. We did however manage to make statistically significant assumptions using samples derived from COVID-19-convalescent and healthy cohorts, although ideally the number of these samples should be higher. Another limitation relates to the availability of HLA allele information connecting TCR clonotypes and epitopes. The cross-reactivity analysis focused only on the CDR3 amino acid sequence comparison between MIRA dataset and other databases, due to the unavailability of the relevant HLA information for most TCR clonotypes. Therefore, it should be noted that the cross-reactions described here could only take place in individuals with specific HLA alleles, enabling the presentation of relative epitopes to potential long-lived memory T cells developed during previous infection and/or vaccination. Additionally, the extent of cross-reactivity is delimited by the inherent data bias in McPAS, TCR3d and VDJdb, stemming from the scientific community’s focus on specific pathogenic cases. We believe that our study provides a novel ML-based computation framework for analysing TCR-Seq datasets and systematically highlights the breadth and depth of “cross-talk” between antigen...

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

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    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.10.22274905
  122. www.biorxiv.org www.biorxiv.org
    https://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.10.491301
    1
    1. sciscore 14 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.10.491301: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Field Sample Permit: All experiments with mice, hamsters, and macaques were carried out in accordance with the Regulations in the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals of the Ministry of Science and Technology of the People’s Republic of China.<br>IACUC: All animal procedures were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of the Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">The 6- to 8-year-old male or female rhesus macaque experiments were performed in the animal biosafety level 4 (ABSL-4) facility at Wuhan Institute of Virology (WIV), Hubei, China.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Cell Line Authentication</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Antibodies</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">The following primary antibodies were used in this study: anti-SARS-CoV-2 (2019-nCoV) Spike Antibody (40589-T62, Sino Biological), and anti-GAPDH Antibody (60004, Proteintech).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>anti-SARS-CoV-2</div><div>suggested: None</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>anti-GAPDH</div><div>suggested: (Proteintech Cat# 60004-1-Ig, RRID:AB_2107436)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">The secondary antibodies used were Peroxidase AffiniPure Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG (H+L) (111-035-003, Jackson ImmunoResearch), Peroxidase</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Anti-Rabbit IgG</div><div>suggested: (Jackson ImmunoResearch Labs Cat# 111-035-003, RRID:AB_2313567)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">For determination of S-specific antibody response, plates were incubated with goat anti-mouse IgG HRP (for mouse sera, Proteintech Cat: SA00001-1) or goat anti-Syrian hamster IgG HRP (for hamster sera, abcam Cat: ab6892) or goat anti-monkey IgG HRP (for NHP sera, Invitrogen Cat: PA1-84631) at 37°C for 1 hour and then substrate tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) solution (Invitrogen) was used to develop.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>anti-mouse IgG</div><div>suggested: (Proteintech Cat# SA00001-1, RRID:AB_2722565)</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>anti-Syrian hamster IgG</div><div>suggested: (Abcam Cat# ab6892, RRID:AB_955427)</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>anti-monkey IgG</div><div>suggested: (Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# PA1-84631, RRID:AB_933605)</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Experimental Models: Cell Lines</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Cell lines and antibodies: HEK 293F cells were grown in FreeStyle Media (Gibco-Thermo Fisher Scientific) and transiently transfected using polyethylenimine (PEI) (Polysciences, Inc.) in an 8% CO2 environment at 37°C.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>HEK 293F</div><div>suggested: RRID:CVCL_6642)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">HEK 293A and Vero E6 cells were maintained in high glucose DMEM(GIBCO) supplemented with 10% FBS(GIBCO) and 1% penicillin/streptomycin (P/S) (GIBCO) in a 5% CO2 environment at 37°C.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>HEK 293A</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Virus titration: Virus titrations were performed by endpoint titration in Vero E6 cells.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Vero E6</div><div>suggested: RRID:CVCL_XD71)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">After 1 hour of incubation, 100 μL mixtures were inoculated onto monolayer Vero cells in a 24- well plate for 1 hour with shaking every 15 minutes.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Vero</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Experimental Models: Organisms/Strains</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Animal vaccination and serum collection: Mice: For mouse vaccination, groups of 6- to 8-week-old female BALB/c mice or female K18-hACE2 Transgenic Mice were intramuscularly immunized with LNP vaccine candidates or a placebo in 50 μL, and 3 weeks later, a second dose was administered to boost the immune responses.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>BALB/c</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Recombinant DNA</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Cloning, expression, and preparation of the RQ3013 encoded Spike proteins: The gene encoding the RQ3013 was fused with a C-terminal twin Strep-tag (LEVLFQGPSGS WSHPQFEK GGGSGGGSGGSA WSHPQFEK) and cloned into a mammalian cell expression vector pcDNA3.1.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>pcDNA3.1</div><div>suggested: RRID:Addgene_79663)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">The resulting plasmid, pcDNA3.1-RQ3013-Twinstrep, was transformed into HEK 293F cells using polyethylenimine (PEI) in FreeStyle Media (Gibco-Thermo Fisher Scientific).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>pcDNA3.1-RQ3013-Twinstrep</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Other procedures of cryo-EM data processing were performed within RELION v3.1 or CryoSPARC v3 using the dose-weighted micrographs23, 24.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>RELION</div><div>suggested: (RELION, RRID:SCR_016274)</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>CryoSPARC</div><div>suggested: (cryoSPARC, RRID:SCR_016501)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Briefly, the initial templates were fit into the map using Chimera and Coot28, followed by a ten-cycle rigid body refinement using Phenix.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Phenix</div><div>suggested: (Phenix, RRID:SCR_014224)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Then, a combined manual refinement and real-space refinement were carried out for both prefusion state and postfusion state S structures in Coot and Phenix29.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Coot</div><div>suggested: (Coot, RRID:SCR_014222)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">The dose-response curves were plotted from viral RNA copies versus the drug concentrations using GraphPad Prism 8.0 software.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>GraphPad Prism</div><div>suggested: (GraphPad Prism, RRID:SCR_002798)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Statistical Analysis: All statistics data were performed and graphed using GraphPad Prism8.0.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>GraphPad</div><div>suggested: (GraphPad Prism, RRID:SCR_002798)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.10.491301
  123. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.08.22274817
    1
    1. sciscore 14 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.08.22274817: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">IRB: 3.1 Ethical approval and sample collection: The study was reviewed and approved by the Institutional Review Board at Qatar University (QU-IRB 1537-FBA/21).</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Antibodies</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) was used to dilute the samples that presented readings higher than the mentioned range. (2) Antibodies to the RBD of the S1 subunit of the viral spike protein (IgG (S-RBD)) (catalog No. SARS-CoV-2 Anti-S-RBD IgG122, Mindray, China), with a cut off index for the kit is ≥ 10-1000 AU/ml, and WHO standardization factor of 1.15 BAU/mL.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>viral spike protein ( IgG</div><div>suggested: None</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Anti-S-RBD IgG122</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">The results interpretation of Vidas IgM according to test index value (i): i < 1.00 Negative (IgM antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 not detected), i ≥ 1.00 Positive (IgM antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 detected).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>IgM</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Architect automated chemiluminescent assay (Abbott Laboratories, USA) was used to test the samples for previous infection by measuring the SARS-CoV-2 anti-nucleoprotein IgG antibodies (anti-N), considering that the IgG antibodies produced against the RBD on the spike protein are different from the IgG antibodies produced against the nucleoprotein of the virus.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>IgG</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Therefore, the positive anti-N results of SARS-CoV-2 anti-nucleoprotein IgG antibodies indicate previous exposure to the whole virus (17).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>anti-N</div><div>suggested: None</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>anti-nucleoprotein IgG</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Architect automated chemiluminescent assay (Abbott Laboratories, USA) was used to test the samples for previous infection by measuring the SARS-CoV-2 anti-nucleoprotein IgG antibodies (anti-N), considering that the IgG antibodies produced against the RBD on the spike protein are different from the IgG antibodies produced against the nucleoprotein of the virus.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Abbott Laboratories</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">3.3 Statistical analysis: GraphPad Prism software (version 9.3.1</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>GraphPad Prism</div><div>suggested: (GraphPad Prism, RRID:SCR_002798)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">, GraphPad Software, Inc.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>GraphPad</div><div>suggested: (GraphPad Prism, RRID:SCR_002798)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:

      This study had several limitations. First of all, it is noteworthy to mention that a variety of variables could influence the level of immune response elicited after infection. It should be noted that our NI group included only 45% symptomatic subjects, while the remaining were paucisymptomatic (20%), asymptomatic (20%), or with unspecified severity (15%), which could have affected our results. In those with more severe COVID-19, binding and NTAb antibody titers have been reported to rise faster and reach a greater peak [9, 10, 14]. Individuals with symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection have greater antibody titers than asymptomatic, and people who are hospitalized have higher antibody titers than people who are managed as outpatients [9, 10, 15, 16]. Furthermore, several studies have shown a link between cycle threshold (Ct) and antibody titer, with lower Ct values linked with greater antibody titers at the population level [9, 13]. These factors could have impacted the elicited immune response. Furthermore, we have not measured antibody levels prior to vaccine administration. Despite these limitations, this study has several strengths that merit attention. First, most of the published studies have mainly focused on IgG and IgM, whereas studies on NTAb antibodies, and IgA response are very limited, particularly among naturally infected unvaccinated subjects. Second, in this study, we assessed anti-N antibodies, which is crucial to identify those who had been exposed to a virus bu...

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.08.22274817
  124. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.08.22274803
    1
    1. sciscore 14 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.08.22274803: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">IRB: This study was approved by the National Bioethics Committee Board EC-CNBI-2020-10-103.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">All statistical testing will be carried out in SPSS v27 for Windows.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>SPSS</div><div>suggested: (SPSS, RRID:SCR_002865)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:

      This study has several limitations. First, among the limitations we highlight those inherent to the type of study carried out (cross section descriptive observational study). We did not study causality, we only limited ourselves to describing our population. Second, the nature of the database did not allow more detailed information to be obtained, such as ventilatory monitoring of days after baseline or more specific laboratory data taken on days other than those officially designated for the study (for example, on weekends, no data was recorded in this regard). The number of cases is small, so there may be independent determinants of mortality that could not be identified. The sustained work burden on health personnel by COVID-19 could also have contributed to lack of some important information on medical records on the specific days designated for obtain it. Thus, further studies should allocate dedicated resource to tackle these limitations and assure a complete data set.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.08.22274803
  125. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.08.22274797
    1
    1. sciscore 14 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.08.22274797: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      NIH rigor criteria are not applicable to paper type.

      Table 2: Resources

      No key resources detected.

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:

      Our study has several limitations. First, in the absence of empirical evidence of randomised controlled trials, we estimated the efficacy of the mRNA-based booster against the Omicron variant based on a synthesis of evidence from real-world data. We conducted various sensitivity analyses to account for the uncertainty in parameter estimation based on real-world data. Second, we assumed that the efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines begins to wane in 3 months. In reality, the efficacy of vaccines is more likely to gradually decline without a clear cut-off. This assumption may have led to an overestimate of vaccine efficacy in the short term, and an underestimate in the long term. Third, we did not consider the other non-mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccines (e.g., AstraZeneca or Novavax) in Australia. However, AstraZeneca is no longer recommended for use as the booster dose for people who received a primary vaccination course of the AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine, and Novavax is rarely used (<1%) in Australia. Finally, given limited public health resources and escalating health inequity during the pandemic, there is a need for more targeted, local-based vaccine and booster distribution strategies that can achieve a tradeoff between cost-effectiveness and equity. The design of such strategies, while beyond the scope of this work, will be critical in alleviating the burden of COVID-19, reducing health care costs, and achieving equity. In conclusion, Australia’s current COVID-19 booster strategy is...

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.08.22274797
  126. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.08.22274788
    1
    1. sciscore 14 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.08.22274788: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      NIH rigor criteria are not applicable to paper type.

      Table 2: Resources

      No key resources detected.

      Results from OddPub: Thank you for sharing your code and data.

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.08.22274788
  127. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.06.22274690
    1
    1. sciscore 14 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.06.22274690: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Consent: All participants provided written informed consent prior to enrollment.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Eligible participants included healthy men and nonpregnant women between 18 to 64 years of age, with a body mass index of 18 to 30 kg/m2 at screening.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Trial Design: This observer-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled, ascending dose Phase 1 study is being conducted at one site in Canada (Manna Research, Toronto, Ontario).</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">The pharmacist and staff members that prepared and administered the doses based on the paper randomization were unblinded; all others involved in the conduct of the study (Principal Investigator, site coordinator, site staff) and the participants were blinded.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">No formal sample size calculation was performed.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Cell Line Authentication</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Antibodies</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">The human IgG antibody concentration was determined by interpolation of the ECL count on the calibration curve.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>human IgG</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">To convert the results from MSD arbitrary units (AU/mL) to the World Health Organization (WHO) International Standard in binding antibody units (BAU)/mL, a conversion factor of 0.0272 was applied for anti-RBD IgG concentrations and 0.00901 for anti-S IgG concentrations.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>anti-RBD IgG</div><div>suggested: None</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>anti-S IgG</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Anti-S ELISA: An indirect binding ELISA was also performed to determine if the elicited antibodies could bind the S protein.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Anti-S</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">The SARS-CoV-2 pre-fusion S antigen was adsorbed onto a 96-well microplate and standard ELISA procedure was followed with anti-SARS-CoV-2 S IgG specific antibody (primary antibody) and anti-human IgG antibody (secondary antibody) conjugated to peroxidase.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>anti-SARS-CoV-2 S IgG</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Pseudovirus Neutralization Assay: To evaluate the neutralizing effect of the sera from participants treated with PTX-COVID19-B, a pseudotyped virus neutralization assay developed and validated at Nexelis, Canada19 to quantify the titer of neutralizing antibody against SARS-CoV-2.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>SARS-CoV-2</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blocking antibodies bind to S protein in the plate and prevent the binding of ACE2 labeled with MSD-Sulfotag.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>ACE2</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">The data presented here are up to 6 months (day 180) for anti-RBD and anti-S IgG antibody levels by MSD and up to day 42 for all other safety and immunogenicity analyses, two weeks after the last participant received their last dose.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>anti-RBD</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Experimental Models: Cell Lines</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">For the neutralization assay, human sera were serially diluted and incubated with diluted pseudovirus at a 1:1 ratio for 1 hour at 37°C followed by transfer to plated HEK293T-ACE2/TMPRSS2 cells and incubated for 48 hours at 37°C and 5% CO2.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>HEK293T-ACE2/TMPRSS2</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Immunogenicity Assessments: Anti-S and Anti-RBD MSD Assay: The responses induced by PTX-COVID19-B on anti-COVID-19 S-protein IgG and anti-COVID-19 RBD IgG were analyzed from serum samples using a multiplex immunoassay sandwich-based method with an electrochemiluminescent (ECL) readout on the MSD platform.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Immunogenicity Assessments</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">The ID50 were calculated in GraphPad Prism 9 using a nonlinear regression algorithm (log[inhibitor] versus normalized response – variable slope).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>GraphPad Prism</div><div>suggested: (GraphPad Prism, RRID:SCR_002798)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Statistical Analysis: The statistical analysis was conducted using SAS® version 9.04 (SAS Institute, Cary, NC).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>SAS®</div><div>suggested: (SASqPCR, RRID:SCR_003056)</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>SAS Institute</div><div>suggested: (Statistical Analysis System, RRID:SCR_008567)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:

      Critical limitations of this trial include a small study population and limited ethnic diversity as compared with the general population. Additionally, as a Phase 1 safety trial, the study population did not include those at increased risk of severe illness from COVID-19, including older adults and immunocompromised individuals that may mount a weaker immune response to vaccination. Although several COVID-19 vaccines have been approved globally (most under emergency or interim use), issues still remain with supply and delivery of vaccines to combat emerging variants. Additional safe, effective, and easily deployable SARS-CoV-2 vaccines are needed to meet the challenge for global immunization required to end the pandemic. Based on the reported results, PTX-COVID19-B vaccine is a promising candidate that warrants testing in the next phase of trials. A Phase 2 trial of PTX-COVID19-B in 525 healthy adults with the 40-μg dose is ongoing. A large Phase 3 trial will follow in 2022. The vaccine will be also tested as a 3rd dose booster in a Phase 2/3 clinical trial.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: We found the following clinical trial numbers in your paper:<br><table><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Identifier</td><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Status</td><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Title</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">NCT04765436</td><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Completed</td><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">PTX-COVID19-B, an mRNA Humoral Vaccine, is Intended for Prev…</td></tr></table>

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.06.22274690
  128. www.biorxiv.org www.biorxiv.org
    https://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.07.491004
    1
    1. sciscore 14 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.07.491004: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Cell Line Authentication</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Contamination: All cells were regularly tested and are mycoplasma free.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Antibodies</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">For protein detection, the following antibodies were used: rabbit anti-SARS-CoV-2 S monoclonal antibody (PA1-41165; Thermofisher), mouse anti-SARS-CoV-2 S1 (MAB105403, R&D systems), rabbit anti-GAPDH polyclonal antibody (10494-1-AP; Proteintech), horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-conjugated anti-rabbit and anti-mouse IgG polyclonal antibody (Cell Signalling).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>anti-SARS-CoV-2 S</div><div>suggested: None</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>anti-SARS-CoV-2</div><div>suggested: None</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>anti-GAPDH</div><div>suggested: (Proteintech Cat# 10494-1-AP, RRID:AB_2263076)</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>anti-rabbit</div><div>suggested: None</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>anti-mouse IgG</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Experimental Models: Cell Lines</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Vero-ACE2/TMPRSS2 cells (a gift from Emma Thomson), Hela-ACE2 (a gift from James Voss) and A549-ACE2/TMPRSS2 (a gift from Massimo Palmarini were maintained in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM) containing 10% FBS and 1% PS. 293T (CRL-3216) and its derivative cell lines including 293TACE2ΔTMPRSS2, 293T-TMPRSS2 and 293T-GFP11 have been described previously (Papa et al., 2021).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Vero-ACE2/TMPRSS2</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">In brief, 293T cells were transfected with a mixture of 11ul of Fugene HD, 1μg of pCDNAΔ19 spike, 1ug of p8.91 HIV-1 gag-pol expression vector and 1.5μg of pCSFLW (expressing the firefly luciferase reporter gene with the HIV-1 packaging signal).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>293T</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Western blot: For cell lysates, 293 cells were washed and lysed in lysis buffer (Cell Signalling) and lysates were diluted with 4 × sample buffer (Biorad) and boiled for 10 m before subjected to western blotting.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>293</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Drug assay: A549-ACE2-TMPRSS2 (A549-A2T2) cells or human airway organoids were either E64D (Tocris) or camostat (Sigma-Aldrich) treated for 2 hours at each drug concentration before the addition of a comparable amount of input viruses pseudotyped with Delta, Kappa or chimeras (approx. 100,000 RLU).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>A549-A2T2</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Briefly, 293T GFP11 and Vero-GFP1-10 cells were seeded at 80% confluence in a 1:1 ratio in 48 multiwell plate the day before.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Vero-GFP1-10</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Recombinant DNA</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Airway organoids were cultured in 48-well plate and were passaged every 2 weeks as previously reported (Meng et al., 2022). pCDNA_SARS_CoV2_D416G_S WT, Delta, Kappa, Omicron BA.1 and Omicron BA.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>pCDNA_SARS_CoV2_D416G_S</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Amino acid substitutions in the Delta NTD (D142G, G156E and repair of 157F and 158R) were introduced into the pCDNA_SARS-CoV-2_ D614G_Delta_S plasmid using the QuikChange Lightning Site-Directed Mutagenesis kit, following the manufacturer’s instructions (Agilent Technologies).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>pCDNA_SARS-CoV-2_ D614G_Delta_S</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">In brief, 293T cells were transfected with a mixture of 11ul of Fugene HD, 1μg of pCDNAΔ19 spike, 1ug of p8.91 HIV-1 gag-pol expression vector and 1.5μg of pCSFLW (expressing the firefly luciferase reporter gene with the HIV-1 packaging signal).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>pCDNAΔ19</div><div>suggested: None</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>pCSFLW</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">The raw readings (in relative light unit (RLU)) were then normalised with the SG-PERT and plotted using GraphPad Prism. PV SG-PERT: The SARS-CoV2 spike-pseudotyped viruses containing supernatants were standardised using a SYBR Green-based product-enhanced PCR assay (SG-PERT) as described previously (Pizzato et al., 2009).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>GraphPad Prism</div><div>suggested: (GraphPad Prism, RRID:SCR_002798)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">The cleavage ratio of S1 or S2 to FL in virions was determined by densitometry using ImageJ (NIH).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>ImageJ</div><div>suggested: (ImageJ, RRID:SCR_003070)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

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    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.07.491004
  129. www.biorxiv.org www.biorxiv.org
    https://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.09.491179
    1
    1. sciscore 14 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.09.491179: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Field Sample Permit: Mice were maintained under specific pathogen-free conditions at the University of Pittsburgh, and all experiments were conducted in accordance with animal use guidelines and protocols approved by the University of Pittsburgh’s Institutional Animal Care and Use (IACUC) Committee.<br>IACUC: Mice were maintained under specific pathogen-free conditions at the University of Pittsburgh, and all experiments were conducted in accordance with animal use guidelines and protocols approved by the University of Pittsburgh’s Institutional Animal Care and Use (IACUC) Committee.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Cell Line Authentication</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Antibodies</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">After blocking for 1 hour at room temperature (RT) with 5% non-fat milk in TBS-T, rabbit anti-SARS-CoV spike polyclonal antibody (1:3000) (Sino Biological), or rabbit anti-SARS-CoV nucleoprotein (1:3,000</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>anti-SARS-CoV</div><div>suggested: None</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>anti-SARS-CoV nucleoprotein</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">) (Sino Biological) was added and incubated overnight at 4°C as primary antibody, and horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-conjugated goat anti-rabbit IgG (1:10000) (Jackson immunoresearch) was added and incubated at RT for 1 hours as secondary antibody.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>anti-rabbit IgG</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">ELISA: Sera from all mice were collected prior to immunization (week 0) and at weeks indicated after immunization and evaluated for SARS-CoV-2-S1-specific IgG, IgG1, and IgG2a antibodies using ELISA [34].</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>SARS-CoV-2-S1-specific IgG</div><div>suggested: None</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>IgG1</div><div>suggested: None</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>IgG2a</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">SARS-CoV-2 microneutralization assay: Neutralizing antibody (NT-Ab) titers against SARS-CoV2 were defined according to the following protocol [78, 79].</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>SARS-CoV2</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Spots were counted using a binocular on a dissecting microscope and the detected numbers of IgG anti-SARS-CoV-2-S1 and anti- SARS-CoV-2-N antibody forming cells were calculated per million bone marrow cells.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>anti-SARS-CoV-2-S1</div><div>suggested: None</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>anti- SARS-CoV-2-N</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Experimental Models: Cell Lines</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">For Expi293 cell transfection, we used ExpiFectamieTM 293 Transfection Kit (ThermoFisher) and followed the manufacturer’s instructions.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Expi293</div><div>suggested: RRID:CVCL_D615)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">The supernatants of A549 cells transduced with Ad5.SARS-CoV-2-S1N, Ad5.SARS-CoV-2-S1, and AdΨ5 were subjected to sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and Western blot.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>A549</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">After 1 hour incubation at 33°C 5%CO2, 3×104 VERO E6 cells [VERO C1008 (Vero 76, clone E6, Vero E6); ATCC® CRL-1586TM] were added to each well.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>VERO E6</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Experimental Models: Organisms/Strains</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Animals and immunization: For single immunization experiment, BALB/cJ mice (n = 5 animals per group in each independent experiment) were vaccinated by either I.N. delivery or S.C. injection of 5×1010 viral particles (v.p.) of AdΨ5 (a null Ad5 vector negative control), Ad5.SARS-CoV-2-S1, or by Ad5.SARS-CoV-2-S1N.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>BALB/cJ</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Recombinant DNA</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">The coding sequence of N (GenBank NC_045512) having Sac I & Sal I in 5’ end and Not I & Apa I in 3’ end was synthesized and cloned in Sac I/ApaI sites in pCMV-3Tag-4A generated in pCMV3/SARS-CoV- 2-N (GenScript).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>pCMV-3Tag-4A</div><div>suggested: None</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>pCMV3/SARS-CoV- 2-N</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">For the construction of pAd/SARS-CoV-2-S1N, BamH I-6H-Not I of pAd/SARS-CoV-2-S1 was replace with Nucleoprotein gene digested with BamH I & Not I after amplified with NP-S (5’-GACGGATCCATGTCTGATAATGGACCCC-3’) & T7 (5’-TAATACGACTCACTATAGGG-3’) primers from pCMV3/SARS-CoV-2-NP.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>pAd/SARS-CoV-2-S1N</div><div>suggested: None</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>pAd/SARS-CoV-2-S1</div><div>suggested: None</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>pCMV3/SARS-CoV-2-NP</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">For B.1.351 variant, SARS-CoV-2-S1 mutated (Del144; K417N; E484K; N501Y; A570D; D614G) was synthesized based on above codon-optimized SARS-CoV-2-S1 from Wuhan. pAd/SARS- CoV-2-S1WU and pAd/SARS-CoV-2-SAS1SA were then created by subcloning the codon- optimized SARS-CoV-2-S1 inserts into the shuttle vector, pAdlox (GenBank U62024), at SalI/NotI sites.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>pAd/SARS-CoV-2-SAS1SA</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Samples were run on an Aurora (Cytek) flow cytometer and analyzed with FlowJo v10 software (BD Biosciences)</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>FlowJo</div><div>suggested: (FlowJo, RRID:SCR_008520)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Statistical analysis: Statistical analyses were performed using GraphPad Prism v9 (San Diego, CA)</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>GraphPad Prism</div><div>suggested: (GraphPad Prism, RRID:SCR_002798)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:

      An important limitation regarding our findings concerning intranasal vaccination of Ad5.SARS- CoV-2-S1N is that we did not investigate key mucosal immunity aspects, such as IgA production. Our future studies will mechanistically investigate the kinetics of intranasal immunization through isolation of tissues in closer proximity to the nasal cavity. Particularly, the lack of induction of CD4+ and CD8+ T cell response to intranasal vaccination could be attributed to isolating splenocytes, rather than mucosa-associated lymph node tissue (MALT) or conducting bronchioalveolar lavage (BAL). In our future studies, we will isolate MALT and lung tissue post intranasal vaccination to investigate the localized cellular immune response post intranasal immunization. Our future studies will also include conducting BAL on intranasally immunized mice to better investigate local immunity. We believe that the increasing CD8+ T cell response through including the N protein in vaccine formulation will not only help by introducing more conserved regions of SARS-CoV-2 to the immune system, potentially allowing for resistance against emerging variants, but will also assist in viral clearance. This is particularly important in the context of long covid and in populations that are at high risk of SARS-CoV-2 morbidity and mortality where the T cell response has been shown to play an important role [67–71]. While previous clinical translation of Ad vaccines has been hampered by pre-existing immunity ag...

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.09.491179
  130. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.10.22272976
    1
    1. sciscore 14 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.10.22272976: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Field Sample Permit: The initial data collection was carried out in the context of another cross-sectional study designed in similar settings.<br>IRB: Ethical Declaration: The study was approved by the institutional ethics committee of Grant Government Medical College and Sir JJ Group of Hospitals, Mumbai (Document Nos.<br>Consent: Children were recruited for the study only after their guardian gave written informed consent, and the children themselves gave assent for participation in the study.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Data Analysis: After collecting data, the data was entered into a spreadsheet using Microsoft Office Excel 2019 (Microsoft Corporation, WA, USA).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Microsoft Office Excel</div><div>suggested: (Microsoft Excel, RRID:SCR_016137)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Statistical analysis was performed using the IBM SPSS Statistics software (v26.0; IBM, Armonk, NY, USA).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>SPSS</div><div>suggested: (SPSS, RRID:SCR_002865)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:

      Every study has its own set of limitations, and ours is no exception. Because the data was collected in a hospital setting, not all of the individuals included in the study were healthy. The children who participated were visiting the hospital the mild sickness, immunisation or refilling of medications. Enrolling healthy children was impractical because schools and playgroups were closed, and we wanted to conduct an offline study, considering the sampling limitations of the other online studies. There was no way to overcome this limitation, so we included the available population. Another major limitation of the study is the lack of psychometric validation and the subjective nature of the COVID-19 pandemic-related questionnaire. Studies are necessary to develop and validate such questionnaires, which assess the general status of children within the context of the pandemic. Moreover, our study did not have a pre-considered hypothesis or study design, and there was an ad-hoc change in the pandemic according to the circumstances. However, because we compared this data to children who visited the same settings before the pandemic, we believe that these biases were eliminated. Also, CES-DC assesses the depressive symptoms in the past week, and as many of the children were attending hospital, the underlying disease may have caused the depressive symptoms in the past week. Despite these limitations, this study provides invaluable information on the psychological status of the childr...

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

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    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.10.22272976
  131. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.09.22274838
    1
    1. sciscore 14 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.09.22274838: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">IRB: The study was approved by the Geneva Cantonal Commission for Research Ethics (Project N° 2020-00881).<br>Consent: All participants provided informed written consent.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Analyses were conducted in the overall population and stratified by sex, as a differential risk for COVID-19 outcomes and SARS-CoV-2 infection have been documented between men and women (19) (Annex III and IV.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">The study sample included adults aged 18 years and older, who were randomly selected from a previous population-based serosurvey conducted in the canton of Geneva in spring 2020, and from population registries of the canton.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Statistical analyses were conducted using STATA version 14.0 (StataCorp, College Station, TX, USA).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>STATA</div><div>suggested: (Stata, RRID:SCR_012763)</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>StataCorp</div><div>suggested: (Stata, RRID:SCR_012763)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:

      Our study also has some limitations. A selection bias should not be disregarded, with people with higher health concerns being more prone to participate, and those most socioeconomically disadvantaged less likely to be included, limiting the generalizability of our results. In addition, the population that was hospitalized at the time of the study or that died because of COVID-19 could not be included in the study, therefore potentially masking the association between socio-economic conditions and SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity for severe cases. As other studies have documented, the severity of the disease might be higher in socioeconomically disadvantaged groups (4,28). The COVID-19 pandemic has disproportionately affected socially vulnerable populations globally. However the impact of socio-economic determinants can vary widely depending on geographical, political and cultural contexts (29–31). In our study we have found associations of employment status, financial hardship and residential area with the natural development of anti SARS-CoV-2 antibodies during the second wave of the pandemic (before the roll-out of the vaccination campaign in Switzerland); but not with other socioeconomic conditions. Our results highlight the importance of examining the broader social determinants of health when evaluating the differential impact of the pandemic within the population. A better understanding of the structural determinants shaping the inequitable distribution of COVID-19 among the ...

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.09.22274838
  132. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.09.22274870
    1
    1. sciscore 14 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.09.22274870: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      NIH rigor criteria are not applicable to paper type.

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Data preprocessing was performed using SAS 9.4 (SAS Institute, Cary, NC).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>SAS Institute</div><div>suggested: (Statistical Analysis System, RRID:SCR_008567)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:

      This study has at least three limitations. First, we used diagnostic coding to identify incident cases and were unable to validate cases with medical record review. Second, incidence of the 12 conditions in persons aged ≥65 years may not be representative of incidence other acute conditions with differing severity or in other age groups, though our findings support those of other studies.1, 3, 6, 10 Finally, a control group unaffected by COVID-19 was not available, so we could not rigorously attribute observed decreases in observed incidence to pandemic-associated effects. However, there was no analogous March–May drop in incidence during four years of pre-pandemic data for the same conditions in the same population, bolstering confidence that the changes were pandemic-associated. Administrative healthcare data will continue to play a critical role in public health surveillance and other longitudinal epidemiologic studies. However, because the COVID-19 pandemic has challenged interpretation of observed disease incidence trends, analytic methods must address otherwise anomalous changes in incidence. We propose a time series modeling approach to account for the effects of healthcare avoidance and reduced access on longitudinal disease incidence data that may facilitate continued surveillance using administrative data in the COVID-19 era.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.09.22274870
  133. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.09.22274832
    1
    1. sciscore 14 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.09.22274832: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      NIH rigor criteria are not applicable to paper type.

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">The ones that were not and were over the 50% completion threshold were imputed using an iterative imputation procedure from scikit-learn in Python (Buck, 1960; Pedregosa et al., 2011).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>scikit-learn</div><div>suggested: (scikit-learn, RRID:SCR_002577)</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Python</div><div>suggested: (IPython, RRID:SCR_001658)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.09.22274832
  134. www.biorxiv.org www.biorxiv.org
    https://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.08.491108
    1
    1. sciscore 14 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.08.491108: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">IRB: HAARVI) study and was approved by the University of Washington Human Subjects Division Institutional Review Board (STUDY00000959).<br>Consent: All donors provided written informed consent for the use of blood and blood derivatives (such as peripheral blood mononuclear cells, sera or plasma) for research.<br>Euthanasia Agents: At day 4 post-inoculation, the animals were euthanized with an excess of anesthetics (ketamine and xylazine) and exsanguination.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">For the results shown in Fig.4 (A-C), 64 male golden Syrian hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus; RjHan:AURA) of 5-6 weeks of age (average weight 60-80 grams) were purchased from Janvier Laboratories (Le Genest-Saint-Isle, France) and handled under specific pathogen-free conditions.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Cell Line Authentication</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Contamination: Cell lines were routinely tested for mycoplasma contamination.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Antibodies</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">goat anti-human IgG secondary antibody (Southern Biotech, 2040-04) was added and incubated for 1 h at room temperature.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>goat anti-human IgG secondary antibody</div><div>suggested: None</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>anti-human IgG</div><div>suggested: (SouthernBiotech Cat# 2040-04, RRID:AB_2795643)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Plates were washed 4 × in TBST, then anti-human (Invitrogen) horseradish peroxidase-conjugated antibodies were diluted 1:5,000 and 50 μL added to each well and incubated at 37°C for 1 h.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>anti-human</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Twenty-four hours before infection, the hamsters received an intraperitoneal injection of different concentrations of the hamsterized monoclonal antibodies (mAb) S309 (0.6, 1.7, 5 and 15 mg/kg), S2X324 (0.2, 0.6, 1.7 and 5 mg/kg) or the control isotype MGH2 (15 mg/kg).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>S309</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Experimental Models: Cell Lines</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Cell lines: Cell lines used in this study were obtained from ATCC (HEK293T and Vero E6), Thermo Fisher Scientific (Expi-CHO-S cells, FreeStyle 293-F cells and Expi293F cells) or Takara (Lenti-X 293T cells)</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>HEK293T</div><div>suggested: None</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>293T</div><div>suggested: KCB Cat# KCB 200744YJ, RRID:CVCL_0063)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">For pseudoviruses expressing spike substitutions that resulted in decreased infectivity using Vero E6 cells, Vero E6-TMPRSS2 cells were substituted as target cells for neutralization assays.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Vero E6-TMPRSS2</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Cell-surface mAb-mediated S1 shedding: CHO cells stably expressing the prototypic SARS-CoV-2 S were harvested, washed in wash buffer (PBS 1% BSA 2 mM EDTA) and resuspended in PBS.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>CHO</div><div>suggested: CLS Cat# 603479/p746_CHO, RRID:CVCL_0213)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Vero E6 cells were seeded into 12 well plates overnight.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Vero E6</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">After a 25-minute incubation, Jurkat cells stably expressing FcγRIIIa receptor (V158 variant) or FcγRIIa receptor (H131 variant) and NFAT-driven luciferase gene (effector cells) were added at an effector to target ratio of 6:1 for FcγRIIIa and 5:1 for FcγRIIa.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Jurkat</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">ADCC assays were performed using SARS-CoV2 CHO-K1 cells (genetically engineered to stably express a HaloTag-HiBit-tagged) as target cells and PBMC as effector cells at a E:T ratio of 30:1.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>CHO-K1</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Experimental Models: Organisms/Strains</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">The coordinates of the Wuhan-Hu-1 RBD were obtained from PDB 6M0J (42) for which ACE2 was removed and as previously described (25) the glycan at position 343 added in the RBD using ISOLDE (99) to visually place, link and minimize each monosaccharide beyond the N-acetylglucosamine for which there was density.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Wuhan-Hu-1 RBD</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">After 30 min incubation, absorbance at 405 nm was measured by a plate reader (Biotek) and data were plotted using Prism GraphPad 9.1.0.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Prism GraphPad</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Plates were immediately read at 450 nm on a VarioSkanLux plate reader (ThermoFisher) and data plotted and fit in Prism (GraphPad) using nonlinear regression sigmoidal, 4PL, X is log(concentration) to determine EC50 values from curve fits.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Prism</div><div>suggested: (PRISM, RRID:SCR_005375)</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>GraphPad</div><div>suggested: (GraphPad Prism, RRID:SCR_002798)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Binding at each time point (MFI) was determined normalizing to the MFI at 5 minutes time point and data plotted using GraphPad Prism v.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>GraphPad Prism</div><div>suggested: (GraphPad Prism, RRID:SCR_002798)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Two rounds of reference-free 2D classification were performed using CryoSPARC (80) to select well-defined particle images.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>CryoSPARC</div><div>suggested: (cryoSPARC, RRID:SCR_016501)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Model building and refinement: UCSF Chimera (87) and Coot (88) were used to fit atomic models into the cryoEM maps.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Coot</div><div>suggested: (Coot, RRID:SCR_014222)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Data were analyzed using FlowJo software.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>FlowJo</div><div>suggested: (FlowJo, RRID:SCR_008520)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">The 3 RBD structures were each parameterized using tleap with the Amber ff14SB force field (100) for the protein, GLYCAM_06j-1 for the glycan (101), TIP3P for water (truncated octahedral cell with 18 Å buffer around solute) (102); the Joung & Cheatham parameters (103) were used for the ions neutralizing the charged solute (2 Cl- ions for Wuhan-Hu-1, 6 Cl- ions for BA.1 and BA.2) and the additional 0.15 M excess Na+ and Cl- ions (80 Na+ and 80 Cl- for Wuhan- Hu-1, 76 of each for BA.1 and BA.2).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Amber</div><div>suggested: (AMBER, RRID:SCR_016151)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: Thank you for sharing your data.

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.08.491108
  135. www.biorxiv.org www.biorxiv.org
    https://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.10.491266
    1
    1. sciscore 14 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.10.491266: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Consent: Tissue samples obtained from surgical resections were obtained under a protocol approved by the Stanford University Human Subjects Research Compliance Office (IRB 15166) and informed consent was obtained from each patient before surgery.<br>IRB: The research protocol for donor samples was approved by the DNW’s internal ethics committee (Research project STAN-19-104) and the medical advisory board, as well as by the Institutional Review Board at Stanford University which determined that this project does not meet the definition of human subject research as defined in federal regulations 45 CFR 46.102 or 21 CFR 50.3.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Case 1 was a male organ donor aged 62.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">The experiments were not randomized and investigators were not blinded to allocation during experiments and outcome assessment.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">The experiments were not randomized and investigators were not blinded to allocation during experiments and outcome assessment.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">No statistical methods were used to predetermine sample size.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Cell Line Authentication</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Contamination: Cell lines: VeroE6 cells were obtained from ATCC as mycoplasma-free stocks and maintained in supplemented DMEM (DMEM (Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium) (Thermo 11885-092) with 1X L-glut (Thermo SH30034),</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Antibodies</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">AlexaFluor plus secondary antibodies (488 plus, anti-mouse, Invitrogen A32723; 750, anti-rabbit, Invitrogen A21039) were used at 1:1,000.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>anti-mouse</div><div>suggested: (Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# A32723, RRID:AB_2633275)</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>anti-rabbit</div><div>suggested: (Innovative Research Cat# A21039, RRID:AB_1500687)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">The following primary antibodies were used at 1:100: CD68 (mouse, Abcam ab955), RAGE (rabbit, Abcam ab216329).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>CD68</div><div>suggested: (Abcam Cat# ab955, RRID:AB_307338)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">The “EPCAM-CD31-” flowthrough was collected and stained with CD206 antibodies conjugated to biotin (Miltenyi 130-095-214), washed twice with MACS buffer, then stained with Anti-Biotin MicroBeads (Miltenyi 130-090-485) and passed through an LS MACS column on a MidiMACS Separator magnet, designated “EPCAM-CD31-CD206+”.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>CD206</div><div>suggested: (Miltenyi Biotec Cat# 130-095-214, RRID:AB_10827698)</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Anti-Biotin</div><div>suggested: (Miltenyi Biotec Cat# 130-090-485, RRID:AB_244365)</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Experimental Models: Cell Lines</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Cell lines: VeroE6 cells were obtained from ATCC as mycoplasma-free stocks and maintained in supplemented DMEM (DMEM (Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium) (Thermo 11885-092) with 1X L-glut (Thermo SH30034),</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>VeroE6</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">HeLa/ACE2/TMPRSS2 cells were a generous gift from Dr. Jesse Bloom at the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>HeLa/ACE2/TMPRSS2</div><div>suggested: JCRB Cat# JCRB1835, RRID:CVCL_B3LV)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Plaque assay: VeroE6 or VeroE6/TMPRSS2 cells were plated at 4.5-5 x 105 cells/well in a standard 12-well tissue culture plate (Falcon) one day prior to infection.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>VeroE6/TMPRSS2</div><div>suggested: JCRB Cat# JCRB1819, RRID:CVCL_YQ49)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">, Spike pseudotyped lentiviruses encoding a nanoluciferase-tdTomato reporter were produced in HEK-293T cells (5 × 106 cells per 10-cm culture dish) by co-transfection of a 5-plasmid system as described previously58.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>HEK-293T</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">On day 1, mAbs were serially diluted in D10 medium and then mixed with lentivirus (diluted in D10 medium, supplemented with polybrene (Sigma-Aldrich, TR1003), 1:1000, v/v) for 1 hr before being transferred to HeLa-ACE2/TMPRSS2 cells.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>HeLa-ACE2/TMPRSS2</div><div>suggested: JCRB Cat# JCRB1835, RRID:CVCL_B3LV)</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Recombinant DNA</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Based on the original lentiviral backbone plasmid (pHAGE-Luc2-IRES-ZsGreen, Addgene 164432), we replaced the Luc2-IRES-ZsGreen reporter with a cassette encoding H2B fused to Nanoluciferase (Promega) to minimize background luminescence, followed by a T2A self-cleaving peptide, and tdTomato fluorescent protein using gBlock synthesis (Integrated DNA Technologies).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>pHAGE-Luc2-IRES-ZsGreen</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">The 5-plasmid system includes a packaging vector (pHAGE-H2B-NanoLuc-T2A-tdTomato), a plasmid encoding full-length Spike with a 21-residue deletion on the C-terminus (pHDM SARS-CoV-2-SpikeΔ21), and three helper plasmids (pHDM-Hgpm2, pHDM-Tat1b, and pRC-CMV_Rev1b).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>pHAGE-H2B-NanoLuc-T2A-tdTomato</div><div>suggested: None</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>pHDM-Tat1b</div><div>suggested: RRID:Addgene_164442)</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>pRC-CMV_Rev1b</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Viral pseudotime analysis: For viral pseudotime analysis, computations were performed in R using the Seurat package (v3).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Seurat</div><div>suggested: (SEURAT, RRID:SCR_007322)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">We used STAR v.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>STAR</div><div>suggested: (STAR, RRID:SCR_004463)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">2.7.5a as the aligner and aligned fastq files from all infections to our custom built Human GRCh38 (GENCODE v29) and SARS-CoV-2 WA1 (GenBank: MN985325.1) reference.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>GENCODE</div><div>suggested: (GENCODE, RRID:SCR_014966)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Micrographs were acquired with laser scanning confocal fluorescence microscopy (Leica Stellaris 8) and processed with ImageJ and Imaris (version 9.2.0, Oxford Instruments).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>ImageJ</div><div>suggested: (ImageJ, RRID:SCR_003070)</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Imaris</div><div>suggested: (Imaris, RRID:SCR_007370)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Arcplots depicting number of subgenomic junctions was plotted using a custom Python function (available on Github).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Python</div><div>suggested: (IPython, RRID:SCR_001658)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: Thank you for sharing your code and data.

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

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    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.10.491266
  136. www.biorxiv.org www.biorxiv.org
    https://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.07.490748
    1
    1. sciscore 14 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.07.490748: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      NIH rigor criteria are not applicable to paper type.

      Table 2: Resources

      No key resources detected.

      Results from OddPub: Thank you for sharing your code and data.

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:

      We highlight the following limitations.10 Estimating the effective population size v is challenging, especially since v can exhibit significant variability across time. While we have argued that sensitivity to v is fairly moderate, improved v estimates should lead to improved statistical efficiency, especially if v can be estimated with finer spatial and temporal granularity. Doing so would likely require incorporating additional sources of data (e.g. case counts) and represents an important direction for future work. Several of the simplifying assumptions that underly BVAS are expected to be violated at some level in real world data. Notably, BVAS assumes that fitness depends linearly on genotype, Eqn. 2, so that it is unable to account for epistasis, e.g. pairwise interactions between amino acids. Given growing evidence for epistasis in SARS-CoV-2 (Starr et al., 2022), it would be interesting to incorporate epistasis into BVAS, and we believe that our rigorous approach to inducing sparsity could be an ideal starting point for doing so effectively. In practice this would likely require making biologically informed assumptions that reduce the space of selection effects considered, e.g. limiting to pairs of mutations that are near each other in space. Applying BVAS to 6.9 million SARS-CoV-2 genomes provides a detailed picture of viral selection in action. Comparisons to PyR0 and MAP are in broad qualitative agreement, suggesting that all three methods are capable of identifyin...

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

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    URL

    biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.07.490748
  137. www.biorxiv.org www.biorxiv.org
    https://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.09.491196
    1
    1. sciscore 14 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.09.491196: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Consent: Informed consent was obtained from all participants at the Seattle Vaccine Trials Unit and the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center Institutional Review Board approved the studies and procedures.<br>IRB: Informed consent was obtained from all participants at the Seattle Vaccine Trials Unit and the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center Institutional Review Board approved the studies and procedures.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">For plate setup, samples were randomized across plates to achieve a balanced distribution of age and gender.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Study data were collected and managed using REDCap electronic data capture tools hosted at Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, including detailed information on symptoms during acute infection and longitudinal follow-up ranging from 33-379 days post symptom onset.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>REDCap</div><div>suggested: (REDCap, RRID:SCR_003445)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">The identified differential proteins from six symptom specific categories were merged together and their expression visualized in a heatmap using package ComplexHeatmap (v2.4).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>ComplexHeatmap</div><div>suggested: (ComplexHeatmap, RRID:SCR_017270)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">A custom collection of genesets that included the Hallmark v7.2 genesets, KEGG v7.2 and Reactomev7.2 from the Molecular Signatures Database (MSigDB, v4.0) was used as the pathway database.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>KEGG</div><div>suggested: (KEGG, RRID:SCR_012773)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">The “Type III interferon signaling” gene set was manually curated from the Interferome database 25.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Interferome</div><div>suggested: (Interferome, RRID:SCR_007743)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Statistical analysis: All statistical analyses were performed using the corresponding functions in RStudio (version 4.1).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>RStudio</div><div>suggested: (RStudio, RRID:SCR_000432)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">PASC patients from the inflammatory clusters 4 and 5 are represented here as inflammatory PASC (red), PASC patients from clusters 2 and 3 are represented here as non-inflammatory PASC (blue) while the recovered patients are represented in black.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>PASC</div><div>suggested: (PASC , RRID:SCR_016642)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: Thank you for sharing your data.

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.09.491196
  138. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.09.22274842
    1
    1. sciscore 14 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.09.22274842: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      NIH rigor criteria are not applicable to paper type.

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">We will recruit English-speaking (mother tongue or fluent) participants globally through our experienced RecMap investigator team (https://covid19.recmap.org/about), the Cochrane Consumer Network and various Cochrane networks, guideline co-authors who interact with youth (including the international Young Persons’ Advisory Groups), parents, and adult citizens.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Cochrane Consumer</div><div>suggested: (ChiCTR - Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, RRID:SCR_006037)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Allocation Concealment: The allocation sequence is concealed using SurveyMonkey® software based on a commercial, but unknown algorithm without a pre-identified sequence.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>SurveyMonkey®</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Cochrane Consumer Network, adult stakeholders, and parent stakeholders.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Cochrane Consumer Network</div><div>suggested: (ChiCTR - Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, RRID:SCR_006037)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">All interviews will be analyzed using thematic analysis, where transcripts or written notes will be coded using NVivo software (QSR, 2018) for data management.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>NVivo</div><div>suggested: (NVivo, RRID:SCR_014802)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: We found the following clinical trial numbers in your paper:<br><table><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Identifier</td><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Status</td><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Title</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">NCT05358990</td><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Not yet recruiting</td><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Knowledge Mobilization Activities to Support Decision-Making…</td></tr></table>

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.09.22274842
  139. www.biorxiv.org www.biorxiv.org
    https://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.10.490700
    1
    1. sciscore 14 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.10.490700: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">IRB: Study design: This longitudinal study was reviewed and approved by the Kyoto University Graduate School and Faculty of Medicine, Ethics Committee (R0418).<br>Consent: At the time of enrollment, all donors provided written informed consent, in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">The parameters used were as follows: opt-SNE: max iterations = 1000, opt-SNE end = 5000, perplexity = 30, theta = 0.5, components = 2, random seed = 6925, verbosity = 25; FlowSOM: xdim = 10, ydim = 10, rien =10, comma-separated k values = 20, 25, and random seed = 6793.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Antibodies</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Activation-induced marker (AIM) assay: PBMCs were cultured in 100 µL of X-VIVO15 medium supplemented with 5% human AB serum for 23 h at 37 ℃ in the presence of SARS-CoV-2 peptide pools (0.6 nmol/mL) and CD40 blocking antibody (0.5 µg/mL, Miltenyi Biotech) in 96-well U-bottom plates at 1×106 PBMCs per well.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>CD40</div><div>suggested: (Cell Sciences Cat# CMC106, RRID:AB_10101897)</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blood samples were collected at the Ki-CONNECT and Clinical BioResource Center (CBRC) at Kyoto University Hospital.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Clinical BioResource Center</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">RBD IgM and IgG levels were measured at LSI Medience (Tokyo, Japan) using ARCHITECT SARS-CoV-2 IgM and ARCHITECT SARS-CoV-2 IgG II Quant (Abbott), respectively</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Abbott</div><div>suggested: (Abbott, RRID:SCR_010477)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">FCS 3.0 data files were exported and analyzed using FlowJo software version 10.8.1.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>FlowJo</div><div>suggested: (FlowJo, RRID:SCR_008520)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">The markers applied to the opt-SNE and FlowSOM are described in the figure legends.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>FlowSOM</div><div>suggested: (FlowSOM, RRID:SCR_016899)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Statistical analyses: Statistical analyses were performed using GraphPad Prism 9.0.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>GraphPad Prism</div><div>suggested: (GraphPad Prism, RRID:SCR_002798)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:

      This study has several limitations. We compared the T-cell response and humoral immunity to mRNA vaccines between adults and the elderly. Although individuals ≥65 years of age are commonly defined as the elderly, there is no clear medical or biological evidence to support this definition. Second, vaccination could affect various immune cell subsets other than T cells, and we did not analyze other immune cell types that are critical for vaccine-induced immunity, including antigen-presenting cells and B cells. Moreover, we only investigated the frequencies and cytokine production of vaccine-specific T cells in peripheral blood; therefore, it remains unclear whether other immune cell types or T cells in secondary lymphoid organs, where actual immune responses occur, differ between the two groups and how the difference affects vaccine-induced immune responses. Third, we evaluated only anti-RBD antibody titer but not neutralizing activity, in which cTfh cells play an important role (38), although previous studies report that these two parameters are highly correlated (29, 58). Finally, we provided evidence only of a correlation between T-cell responses after the first dose with antibody responses in the elderly, as well as AEs irrespective of age. Further studies are needed to investigate causal relationships among these parameters. In conclusion, we demonstrated the characteristics of immune responses to the mRNA vaccine BNT162b2 in the elderly, revealing a delayed induction and ...

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.10.490700
  140. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.09.22274840
    1
    1. sciscore 14 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.09.22274840: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">IRB: All procedures in this pre-registered study (aspredicted.org/LDX_2ZL) were approved by the University of Sydney Human Research Ethics Committee (reference, 2021/871), and all participants provided informed consent.<br>Consent: All procedures in this pre-registered study (aspredicted.org/LDX_2ZL) were approved by the University of Sydney Human Research Ethics Committee (reference, 2021/871), and all participants provided informed consent.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Stratification and randomisation (via random number generation) occurred via inbuilt code.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sample size was calculated via an a priori power analysis (95% power, alpha=.05, effect size f2=0.02) for a separate concurrent study run that contained more predictors (N=9), and therefore required more power (see study pre-registration).</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      No key resources detected.

      Results from OddPub: Thank you for sharing your data.

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:

      Limitations of the study include the measurement of intention, but not uptake. While intention has been found to predict vaccination21-24, longitudinal research is needed to directly assess the role of framing on actual uptake, as well as the longevity of the framing effect among those yet to receive a booster vaccine. Relevant to the lag in booster uptake in Australia25, the present research focused on increasing intention among those already receiving a primary course of COVID-19 vaccination. However, these results do not speak to the effect of framing on those never vaccinated. Investigation of framing on vaccine intention at all points of the vaccination programme would provide a more comprehensive account of the effect of framing on vaccine intentions in general. In summary, a brief online intervention engaging participants in side effect estimation before presenting positively framed side effect information can increase booster vaccine intention. Given the ease with which Positive Framing can be implemented, combined with the fact that the presentation of statistical information in this format does not violate patient informed consent9, the potential exists for framing of this type to make a real difference in improving societal protection from COVID-19 through reduced vaccine hesitancy.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.09.22274840
  141. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.10.22274889
    1
    1. sciscore 14 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.10.22274889: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">IRB: The use of data was approved by the Ethical Committees of the two hospitals and the Universitat Politècnica de València.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      No key resources detected.

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:

      One limitation of this study is its sample size. The small number of patients in some subphenotypes may make the comparative statistics sometimes difficult to interpret (e.g., cluster 4 only has 14 patients). In addition, our data are from two hospitals, which favors generalization, although future studies from third hospitals may benefit as external validations. In summary, by using Machine Learning we identified five Eld-ICU-COV19 subphenotypes with discriminative FBC patterns alongside age. Of which, we found one healthy cluster –where nearly all patients survived within 30-day after ICU admission, one severe cluster –where nearly half of the patients lost their life within 30-day after ICU admission– and three moderate clusters –whose 30-day ICU mortality is similar to the populational level– with one that has the potential of being categorized into the severe category. Our results can provide guidance to comprehend the phenotypic classification and disparate severity patterns among elderly ICU patients with COVID-19, based only on age and FBC tests, that have the potential to establish target groups for an early risk stratification prior to ICU admission or early triage systems to provide personalized treatments or aid the decision-making during resource allocation process for each target Eld-ICU-COV19 group, especially in those circumstances with resource scarcity problem.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.10.22274889
  142. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.10.22274914
    1
    1. sciscore 14 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.10.22274914: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      NIH rigor criteria are not applicable to paper type.

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Software and hardware: The random forest, combinatorial search, and statistical analysis were implemented in Python 3.8 with the scikit-learn (23) and statsmodels (24) packages.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Python</div><div>suggested: (IPython, RRID:SCR_001658)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: Thank you for sharing your code.

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:

      Our analysis has several limitations. First, the CSTE COVID-19 case definition (27) has been updated since the time of this investigation to add additional symptoms for consideration which were not included in our investigation and cannot be evaluated, although many symptoms added to the most recent definition are more severe in nature (confusion or change in mental status; persistent chest pain/pressure; blue-colored skin, lips, or nail beds, depending on skin tone; and inability to wake or stay awake), and it is unlikely they would have been captured in an outpatient community setting. Second, although SARS-CoV-2 samples were not sequenced as part of this investigation, data collection occurred in November 2020, well before the two variants of concern, Delta (B.1.617.2) and Omicron (B.1.1.529), were documented in the United States. The candidate definitions we propose above, which rely heavily on loss of taste or smell to boost the sensitivity of antigen testing, may not generalize well to populations heavily affected by these variants if the symptoms they cause differ substantially from those cause by the original strain. Additionally, it is unclear whether these results may apply to re- infections or vaccine-breakthrough infections as this study was conducted prior to vaccine availability and widespread concern for re-infection. Because our analysis could easily be rerun with the availability of new data, we hope these limitations will be addressed by future research. Thi...

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.10.22274914
  143. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.09.22274769
    1
    1. sciscore 14 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.09.22274769: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">IRB: The Research Ethics Service approval was also given by the North West-Greater Manchester East Research Ethics Committee for the qualitative research.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">All women recorded as being pregnant on or after 13th April 2021, aged 18 years or older, and eligible for COVID-19 vaccination were identified.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Final data preparation specific to these analyses such as setting the reference groups was performed in IBM SPSS Statistics 28.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>SPSS</div><div>suggested: (SPSS, RRID:SCR_002865)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Descriptive statistics were performed in Microsoft Excel 2016 and Survival/Cox regression analyses were performed in SPSS.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Microsoft Excel</div><div>suggested: (Microsoft Excel, RRID:SCR_016137)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:

      Strengths and limitations: The study has several strengths, it utilises primary and secondary health care data for pregnant women in Wales including the maternity and child health data, it gives a national perspective of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy, making the findings generalisable due to its total population cohort. Our qualitative survey questions allowed a free text response asking participants to provide their opinion on the vaccine and any reasons why they would or would not have it. These responses gave a true insight into the thoughts and feelings of pregnant women in Wales during the pandemic. Findings showing that the reasons for not wanting a vaccine included anxiety about the vaccine, change in advice and information or prefer to delay until after the birth. The mixed methods design used in this study provided rich detailed information firstly about population-level vaccination uptake rates as well as rich qualitative responses from a cross-section of pregnant women in Wales. Using the two methods provides us with more insight into the reasons why 34.1% of pregnant women refused the vaccine completely and may inform vaccine strategies moving forward. Vaccinations protect against severe disease. As the pandemic continues, booster vaccinations are increasingly important to provide protection against severe COVID-19, especially in vulnerable populations such as pregnant women. However, the data shows that 67.3% of pregnant women did not receive the vaccine in pregnanc...

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a protocol registration statement.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.09.22274769
  144. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.09.22274863
    1
    1. sciscore 14 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.09.22274863: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      NIH rigor criteria are not applicable to paper type.

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">36 Countries considered in main comparison: We focused our primary comparison on countries that have excellent death registration, are high income, and include data with weekly deaths in the Human Mortality database.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Human Mortality</div><div>suggested: (Human Mortality Database, RRID:SCR_002370)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: Thank you for sharing your code and data.

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:

      Some other caveats should be discussed. First, finer adjustment for age (e.g. in more narrow age bins), and more comprehensive adjustment for other factors (e.g. gender, frailty, long-term care facility residence, comorbidities) may be able to offer even more accurate estimates of excess deaths. Second, even in countries with reliable data, some deaths are registered with delays, although with >4 months after the end of 2021 our main analyses for the 33 countries should not be affected much. Third, there can be debate on whether/how natural disasters and wars should be excluded. Fourth, long-term effects of both the pandemic and measures taken on healthcare, other aspects of health, education, society, and economy remain uncaptured in the 2020-2021 window. Comparisons of different approaches to excess death calculations should continue for longer periods of follow-up, also in the post-pandemic endemic phase. The boundaries between pandemic and endemic phase can be debated.29 Regardless, the relative performance of different countries and their excess death ranking may change substantially over time. Sixth, analyzing specific causes of death may be informative, but suffers from major misclassification even in high-income countries. Acknowledging these caveats, our analyses map the magnitude and uncertainty of excess deaths during 2020-2021. In countries with reliable data, age-adjustment suggests that excess deaths is lower than what has been previously published in calculatio...

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.09.22274863
  145. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.09.22274854
    1
    1. sciscore 14 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.09.22274854: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Consent: Participation in this study was voluntary and HCWs received no form of financial remuneration in order to reduce the risk of response bias. 2.3. Instrument: The electronic self-administered questionnaire was prefaced with an informed consent form which explained that the survey was anonymous, that participation was voluntary, and explained the purpose of the study.<br>IRB: Outcome Measures: The main outcome measures of this study included the HCWs’ COVID-19 vaccine acceptance. 2.5. Ethics: This study was granted ethical approval by The North Central Regional Health Authority Ethics Committee, Trinidad, and The Ministry of Health of Trinidad and Tobago (3/13/441 Vol.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">The collated responses were downloaded as a Microsoft Excel file by the principal investigator, and subsequently coded into an SPSS database and analyzed using IBM SPSS V.21 software.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Microsoft Excel</div><div>suggested: (Microsoft Excel, RRID:SCR_016137)</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>SPSS</div><div>suggested: (SPSS, RRID:SCR_002865)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:

      4.1 Study limitations: One of the limitations in study is the unequal sample size. The number of male participants was smaller compared to that of females, which made the determination of the influence of gender problematic. Given on the reported level of vaccine hesitancy of 1.4%, it is likelihood that the chosen population was not appropriate for evaluating the factors associated with hesitancy.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

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    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.09.22274854
  146. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.10.22274890
    1
    1. sciscore 14 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.10.22274890: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      NIH rigor criteria are not applicable to paper type.

      Table 2: Resources

      No key resources detected.

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:

      Strengths and limitations: The strengths of our study are that our sample was extensive in terms of observations and included participants from two different chronic diseases. Moreover, we had three periods: pre-lockdown, lockdown, and post-lockdown. Our main aim was to explore how the lockdown impacts two different health conditions by depression severity. Participants with MDD and MS answered a different number of depression questionnaires (PHQ-8). Nonetheless, we included the participants that completed a minimum of two questionnaires. The data extracted by the PPG are highly correlated with the parameters of HR variability removed by the ECG (89,90). However although wrist-worn devices seldom give access to the PPG signal but instead to HR series derived by proprietary algorithms. Participants came from four European countries; differences were explored in our previous work (14). We used an assessment based on real-time and conducted it in a natural environment. Our findings showed that the RADAR-base system could monitor psychosocial impact changes due to stressful life events. Various factors might have had an impact on the levels of depression: economic status, changes in contact with families, such as the restriction on seeing relatives face-to-face during the lockdown or the loss of physical demonstrations of affection, especially in countries that imposed stricter limitations than others, as was the case with Spain and Italy. Further decentralized research should co...

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.10.22274890
  147. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.08.22274818
    1
    1. sciscore 14 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.08.22274818: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">IRB: The present study was evaluated and approved by the Local Research Committee of the High Specialty Medical Unit “Luis Castelazo Ayala” of the Mexican Social Security Institute under number R-2021-3606-011.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">RStudio statistical software version 4.1.0 © 2009-2021 was used.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>RStudio</div><div>suggested: (RStudio, RRID:SCR_000432)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:

      The pandemic is not over, so our results have a limitation inherent in its final course, as well as other variables that may affect mortality by COVID-19 and that were not included in the study, such as the socioeconomic stratum, population mobility, vaccination coverage, the effect of seasons and the temperature. Another limitation of the study was the measurement of pollutants levels, since not all are consistent and homogeneous in the different monitoring stations, so four Mexico City Mayors could not be included (Iztacalco, Magdalena Contreras, Milpa Alta and Tlahuac). For the same reason, it was not possible to explore other pollutants such as carbon monoxide, nitric oxide or sulphur dioxide. However, the measurements of PM2.5, PM10, NO2 and O3 that were included in the study, filled the national Air Quality Standards established in the “Official Mexican Environmental Health Standard. Permissible limit values for the concentration of suspended particles PM10 and PM2.5 in air and criteria for their assessment”. 15 Therefore, more studies will be needed to help differentiate the role of confounders and environmental pollutants as risk factors in COVID-19 mortality.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
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    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.08.22274818
  148. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.06.22274739
    1
    1. sciscore 14 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.06.22274739: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Finally, images from both the phantoms and the corresponding patient images were randomized separately each reader evaluation.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Importantly, the participating radiologists were told that they were taking part in a “CT lung image evaluation study” and were completely unaware of the fact that the reviewed datasets included phantom images, which is why this study can be considered a “completely blinded” reader study.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">For each patient, clinical DICOM images reconstructed with a sharp kernel (Table 1) were converted into 3D-printer instructions using PixelPrint software.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>PixelPrint</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:

      Our study does have limitations. First, while the reader study included a large sample size of images (210 per reader), these images originated from only three clinical patient scans representing three levels of COVID-19 severity. Second, our study focused on a specific clinical indication, i.e., diagnosis of COVID-19 pneumonia. Further studies are required to validate the adequacy of PixelPrint for other lung imaging indications, e.g., lung nodule detection. Nevertheless, our results provide compelling evidence that PixelPrint can readily serve as an accurate tool for optimization of disease-targeting protocols and for experimental validation of novel inference algorithms, such as radiomics and predictive AI. In conclusion, we have demonstrated PixelPrint’s ability to produce realistic 3D-printed phantoms reliably. As the utilization of these phantoms will grow, they will become more beneficial to the entire community and enable standardization of tests and comparisons of evaluation of advanced medical inference algorithms. For this, we offer copies of the phantoms presented in this study, as well as phantoms based on specific CT images, for the larger medical, academic, and industrial CT community (visit www.pennmedicine.org/CTResearch/PixelPrint).

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.06.22274739
  149. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.03.22274607
    1
    1. sciscore 14 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.03.22274607: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      No key resources detected.

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:

      This section often consists of three or four main sections, such as i) a summary of the paper’s main findings, ii) a comparison with other literature, iii) limitations (and strengths), and iv) conclusions. In this regard, the authors of this paper consider sections i), iii), and, eventually, iv) to be appropriate. In particular, comparison with other literature should be optional for the same reasons set out in the Introduction section plus one: unless systematic reviews or meta-analyses are performed, such comparisons are likely to be undermined by authors’ biases and are statistically unreliable since no combining techniques (e.g., Fisher formula for P-values) can be employed. Indeed, a scientist must always admit that biases are part of any analysis as they represent a cognitive feature of our human nature [17]. These can be limited or – more or less – managed by quantitative analyses but certainly not eliminated. Hence, it is extremely difficult to conduct a neutral comparison without exploiting the methods of systematic reviews and meta-analyses [18]. For these reasons, we suggest leaving any comparisons optional according to the authors’ aims rather than forcing them to disclose their biases when not necessary. Furthermore, we suggest presenting the results with caution, avoiding overstatements, and trying to describe in detail what was found rather than convince the reader of the study’s relevance. Finally, we believe that this is only a first step towards the qualitat...

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.03.22274607
  150. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.06.22274685
    1
    1. sciscore 11 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.06.22274685: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">IRB: Retrospective analysis of data obtained from the Emergency Protocol was approved by the UC San Diego Institutional Review Board.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Data analysis and plotting were implemented in Python 3.9.7 using the standard library, NumPy 1.20.3, SciPy 1.7.1, pandas 1.3.4, Matplotlib 3.4.3 and python-dateutil 2.8.2 packages.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Python</div><div>suggested: (IPython, RRID:SCR_001658)</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>NumPy</div><div>suggested: (NumPy, RRID:SCR_008633)</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>SciPy</div><div>suggested: (SciPy, RRID:SCR_008058)</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Matplotlib</div><div>suggested: (MatPlotLib, RRID:SCR_008624)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: Thank you for sharing your code.

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:

      Taken together, these findings support the use of CGM in critically ill COVID-19 patients in place of POC glucose meters, a timely finding given the trend towards increased infectiousness of newly arising SARS-COV2 variants.[17,18] Our study has several limitations including a retrospective study design, a relatively small sample size, and lack of a CGM only group. Since patients were not prospectively enrolled, a cryptic bias in the individuals enrolled under the emergency use protocol could confound our findings. Despite a relatively small number of individuals enrolled (n=24), our study is among the largest testing CGM use in critically ill patients to date [7,11,19–23] and the amount of analyzable CGM and POC glucose data obtained (n=47333 CGM values, n=5677 POC values) drives statistically robust inferences. The lack of a CGM only group prevents us from being able to formally test non-adjunctive CGM based insulin titration, but our study evidentiates the safety and potential efficacy of a CGM based insulin titration that needs prospective validation.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.06.22274685
  151. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.05.22274749
    1
    1. sciscore 11 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.05.22274749: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      NIH rigor criteria are not applicable to paper type.

      Table 2: Resources

      No key resources detected.

      Results from OddPub: Thank you for sharing your code.

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.05.22274749
  152. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.06.22274712
    1
    1. sciscore 11 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.06.22274712: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      NIH rigor criteria are not applicable to paper type.

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Although the Vooma Voucher program continued until February 28, 2022, the announcement of the Omicron variant on November 24, 2022 would likely confound the effect of the incentive program on days that followed the announcement.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Vooma Voucher</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Analyses were conducted using Stata 17.0 (StataCorp, College Station, TX).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>StataCorp</div><div>suggested: (Stata, RRID:SCR_012763)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:

      A key limitation is the assumption in our ITS models there were no other factors that coincided with the introduction of the Vooma Voucher program and affected vaccine demand. The robustness of our findings to the inclusion of supply and demand creation measures, and to provincial and weekly specifications, increases confidence in our findings. Another limitation is that we only study short-term effects of the incentive program, as the announcement of the Omicron variant made it challenging to study effects of incentives beyond that date. Given the vulnerability of older adults to serious illness, hospitalization, and death as a result of COVID-19, identifying effective strategies to increase vaccine demand is crucial. More generally, as LMICs struggle to achieve sufficiently high vaccine demand despite expansions in vaccine delivery and access, our findings suggest that small financial incentives may be effective in increasing vaccination coverage.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a protocol registration statement.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
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    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.06.22274712
  153. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.05.22274702
    1
    1. sciscore 11 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.05.22274702: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Consent: All interviews were recorded with the interviewees’ consent.<br>IRB: Ethical considerations: This study was approved by Western Sydney Local Health District Ethics Committee (2020/ETH01674).</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      No key resources detected.

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:

      Nonetheless, most appreciated that remote working has the potential to be cost-effective, extend access to specialist care,[54] and increase productivity and job performance.[55, 56] Limitations: The present study focused on one facility that is a designated COVID-19 facility in Australia, potentially limiting its generalisability. Our purposive sampling however, captured key informants who were representative of crucial sectors of the pandemic response. They were strategically placed to identify successes and gaps in the provision of health care, and to make considered recommendations reflecting both a bird’s-eye view and coalface experiences. Despite never reaching the dire situation experienced elsewhere, it can be argued that the four themes hold worldwide applicability – with a number of their sub-components identified as important considerations in studies from Europe,[35] Canada,[49] and USA[15] – and contain generic concepts with international relevance. Our methods employing Morrow’s et al.[20] modification of Colaizzi’s phenomenological approach were strictly adhered to and re-analysis was undertaken, culminating in results based on four researchers to minimise researcher bias.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
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    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.05.22274702
  154. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.06.22274782
    1
    1. sciscore 11 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.06.22274782: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      No key resources detected.

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:

      Limitations: Use of PCR results may misclassify infected individuals,52,53 although its relatively low sensitivity would be expected to bias results towards the null. Similarly, because cycle-time values for PCR tests were not available and viral cultures were not feasible, test-positive individuals may have been recently infected but no longer infectious at the time of their testing. Follow-up beginning eight weeks after testing was chosen to balance these considerations. Using health care encounters as a measure of post-acute COVID-19 health care needs likely underestimates the true burden of long COVID, particularly as health care decreased during initial phases of the pandemic among some populations and in Ontario, in particular.30,54-56 There is no generally accepted method for weighing severity of different types of health care encounters57,58; our composite measure gives hospitalization and long-term care more weight due to their severity, although findings were robust in sensitivity analyses. Because inclusion was conditioned on PCR testing, results may not generalize to populations with significant barriers to testing. Indication for testing and occupation (e.g., health care worker) were not available, so we are unable to determine whether these factors may modify associations between SARS-CoV-2 infection and type of post-acute health care use. To address potential changes in testing indications and capacity over time, test date was included in the propensity score a...

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
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    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.06.22274782
  155. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.04.22274208
    1
    1. sciscore 11 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.04.22274208: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">IRB: The Research Ethics Board at Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre approved this study.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">MRI processing: MRI processing was performed using tools from the FMRIB Software Library (FSL, version 6.0.3).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>FMRIB</div><div>suggested: (FSL, RRID:SCR_002823)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:

      These results need to be interpreted in the context of several limitations. First, although well-matched, the sample sizes of the two groups were modest and unequal; furthermore, a power analysis was not performed. To our knowledge, the current study benefits from the largest ASL dataset focusing on non-hospitalized adults in the post-COVID-19 timeframe. Moreover, recruitment for the NeuroCOVID-19 study is on-going and will address these issues in future studies. Second, our recruitment may be confounded by selection bias. For example, the current study’s cohort was comprised of 66% female and 72% Caucasian participants. We further note that participants needed internet access to be screened for eligibility. Third, our control group exhibited flu-like symptoms of unknown origin. The recruitment of this unique control group is a relatively novel aspect of this study, as these participants are a de-novo sample of adults that experienced non-specific flu-like symptoms during the pandemic. Fourth, ASL images were acquired at a spatial resolution comparable to the average thickness of the cortex, which may be susceptible to partial volume error.45 To address this, we included partial volume correction as an additional ASL processing step in a sensitivity analysis, which did not drastically change the results. Fifth, our fatigue-related exploratory analysis relied on self-reported symptoms. Study staff ensured that on-going fatigue was understood as being impairing to activities of...

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
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    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.04.22274208
  156. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.05.22274434
    1
    1. sciscore 11 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.05.22274434: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Consent: Once a prospective participant had the consent document, a virtual meeting was scheduled for each participant to review and sign the consent, provide basic demographic information, and complete the initial saliva collection with a study team member.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Data Collection: Research Electronic Data Capture (REDCap) software was used to record study data.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>REDCap</div><div>suggested: (REDCap, RRID:SCR_003445)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
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    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.05.22274434
  157. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.06.22274613
    1
    1. sciscore 11 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.06.22274613: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">IACUC: The trial was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki, the international ethical guidelines of the Council for International Organizations of Medical Sciences, the International Council for Harmonisation Good Clinical Practice guidelines, and applicable laws and regulations.<br>Consent: All patients or their legally authorized representatives provided written informed consent.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Trial design: The trial was designed as a pragmatic, randomised, single-blind, non-inferiority, parallel group, multi-centre, controlled trial.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Antibodies</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">According to the to manufacturer’s instructions, Binding Antibody Units (BAU)/mL ≥ 33.8 were considered positive for anti-trimeric spike protein specific IgG antibodies.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>anti-trimeric spike protein specific IgG</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">The allocated drug was revealed to the investigator using an online randomisation module within the REDCap data management system [13].</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>REDCap</div><div>suggested: (REDCap, RRID:SCR_003445)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">: StataCorp LP).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>StataCorp</div><div>suggested: (Stata, RRID:SCR_012763)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: We found the following clinical trial numbers in your paper:<br><table><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Identifier</td><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Status</td><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Title</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">NCT05205759</td><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Terminated</td><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Non-inferiority Trial on Monoclonal Antibodies in COVID-19</td></tr></table>

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No funding statement was detected.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
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    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.06.22274613
  158. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.06.22274584
    1
    1. sciscore 11 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.06.22274584: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      No key resources detected.

      Results from OddPub: Thank you for sharing your code and data.

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.06.22274584
  159. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.06.22274772
    1
    1. sciscore 11 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.06.22274772: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">IRB: This study was reviewed and approved by the Science, Biosecurity, and Bioethics Committee of the Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades<br>Consent: In addition, the Institution requested informed consent for the recovery, storage, and use of biological remnants for research purposes.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sequences were obtained by capillary electrophoresis using an ABI Prism 3500 Genetic Analyzer (Life Technologies) and were assembled using MEGA 10.0 [19].</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>MEGA</div><div>suggested: (Mega BLAST, RRID:SCR_011920)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sequence alignments were created with MAFFT V7 [20] and edited with MEGA 10.0.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>MAFFT</div><div>suggested: (MAFFT, RRID:SCR_011811)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Edition of the trees was made using FigTree [21].</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>FigTree</div><div>suggested: (FigTree, RRID:SCR_008515)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">All statistical analyses were performed using R v4.0.2 in RStudio v1.3.1 [24] and the packages ggplot2 (v3.3.3) [25], stats (v3.6.2) [24], survival (v3.2.13) [26], and survminer (v0.4.9) [27].</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>RStudio</div><div>suggested: (RStudio, RRID:SCR_000432)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">We used stacked bar plots, density plots, pie charts, or heatmaps constructed in the ggplot2 package to represent data proportion.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>ggplot2</div><div>suggested: (ggplot2, RRID:SCR_014601)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: Thank you for sharing your data.

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No funding statement was detected.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.06.22274772
  160. www.biorxiv.org www.biorxiv.org
    https://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.07.491038
    1
    1. sciscore 11 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.07.491038: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Field Sample Permit: Single cell RNA-seq: PBMCs were collected from mRNA-LNP vaccinated and control mice were collected as described above for mouse immunization and sample collection, and normalized to 1000 cells/μL.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Mouse immunization: 6-8 weeks old female C57BL/6Ncr (B6) mice were purchased from Charles River and used for vaccine immunogenicity study.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">All experiments utilize randomized littermate controls.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Replication, randomization, blinding and reagent validations: Replicate experiments have been performed for all key data shown in this study.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Cell Line Authentication</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Contamination: All cell lines tested negative for mycoplasma. Figs.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Antibodies</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Thereafter, cells were washed twice and incubated with PE–anti-human FC antibody (Biolegend, 410708) in MACS buffer for 30 min on ice.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>PE–anti-human FC</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Anti-mouse secondary antibody (Fisher, Cat# A-10677) was diluted to 1:2500 in blocking buffer and incubated at room temperature for one hour.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Anti-mouse</div><div>suggested: (Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# A-10677, RRID:AB_2534060)</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Experimental Models: Cell Lines</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Cell culture: HEK293T (ThermoFisher), Huh-7 and 293T-hACE2 (Dr Bieniasz’ lab) cell lines were cultured in complete growth medium, Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM; ThermoFisher) supplemented with 10% Fetal bovine serum (FBS, Hyclone), 1% penicillin-streptomycin (Gibco) (D10 media for short).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>HEK293T</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Briefly, 293T cells were seeded in 150 mm plates, and transfected with 21 µg pHIVNLGagPol, 21 µg pCCNanoLuc2AEGFP, and 7.5 µg of corresponding spike plasmids, in the presence of 198 µl PEI.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>293T</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">The SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus neutralization assays were performed on 293T-hACE2 cell, while the MERS-CoV neutralization assay was performed on Huh-7 cells.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Huh-7</div><div>suggested: CLS Cat# 300156/p7178_HuH7, RRID:CVCL_0336)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">One day before infection, 293T-hACE2 cells were plated in a 96 well plate with 0.01 x106 cells per well.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>293T-hACE2</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Experimental Models: Organisms/Strains</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Mouse immunization: 6-8 weeks old female C57BL/6Ncr (B6) mice were purchased from Charles River and used for vaccine immunogenicity study.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>C57BL/6Ncr</div><div>suggested: RRID:MGI:2160593)</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Recombinant DNA</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">The spike sequences were cloned by Gibson Assembly (NEB) into pcDNA3.1 plasmid for the mRNA transcription and pseudovirus assay.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>pcDNA3.1</div><div>suggested: RRID:Addgene_79663)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">1.617.2 variant S protein (Delta variant-Δ19), SARS-CoV S protein (SARS-CoV-Δ19) and MERS S protein (MERS-CoV-Δ16) were generated based on the pSARS-CoV-2-Δ19.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>pSARS-CoV-2-Δ19</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Briefly, 293T cells were seeded in 150 mm plates, and transfected with 21 µg pHIVNLGagPol, 21 µg pCCNanoLuc2AEGFP, and 7.5 µg of corresponding spike plasmids, in the presence of 198 µl PEI.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>pCCNanoLuc2AEGFP</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Coronavirus spike sequence alignment: The spike sequence used to produce the LNP-mRNA vaccines were aligned using Clustal Omega 43 and visualized in Jalview 44.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Clustal Omega</div><div>suggested: (Clustal Omega, RRID:SCR_001591)</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Jalview</div><div>suggested: (Jalview, RRID:SCR_006459)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Cell culture: HEK293T (ThermoFisher), Huh-7 and 293T-hACE2 (Dr Bieniasz’ lab) cell lines were cultured in complete growth medium, Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM; ThermoFisher) supplemented with 10% Fetal bovine serum (FBS, Hyclone), 1% penicillin-streptomycin (Gibco) (D10 media for short).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>ThermoFisher</div><div>suggested: (ThermoFisher; SL 8; Centrifuge, RRID:SCR_020809)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Analysis was performed using FlowJo software.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>FlowJo</div><div>suggested: (FlowJo, RRID:SCR_008520)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">The 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) was calculated with a four-parameter logistic regression using GraphPad Prism (GraphPad Software Inc.).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>GraphPad Prism</div><div>suggested: (GraphPad Prism, RRID:SCR_002798)</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>GraphPad</div><div>suggested: (GraphPad Prism, RRID:SCR_002798)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Differential expression was performed using the edgeR analysis pipeline and quasi-likelihood (QL) F tests 53, 54.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>edgeR</div><div>suggested: (edgeR, RRID:SCR_012802)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Schematic illustrations: Schematic illustrations were created with Affinity Designer or BioRender.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>BioRender</div><div>suggested: (Biorender, RRID:SCR_018361)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Genomic sequencing raw data are deposited to Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) with a pending accession code.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Gene Expression Omnibus</div><div>suggested: (Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO, RRID:SCR_005012)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: Thank you for sharing your code and data.

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: We found the following clinical trial numbers in your paper:<br><table><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Identifier</td><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Status</td><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Title</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">NCT04796896</td><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Recruiting</td><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">A Study to Evaluate Safety and Effectiveness of mRNA-1273 CO…</td></tr></table>

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.07.491038
  161. www.biorxiv.org www.biorxiv.org
    https://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.06.490962
    1
    1. sciscore 11 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.06.490962: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Consent: All donors gave verbal informed consent.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Epithelial cells of the oropharynx were collected from a group of researchers and employees (14 males and 16 females, age ranging from 35 to 73) at Bruschettini Ltd, the Italian firm that produces Lantigen B.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Antibodies</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">The expression of ACE2 on epithelial cells was measured by a specific anti-ACE2 monoclonal antibody (R&D Systems, labelled with Alexa Fluor 488) and flow cytometry (Cytoflex, Beckman Coulter).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>anti-ACE2</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:

      The major limitation of this study is represented by the absence of any assay of SARS-CoV-2 infection of oropharyngeal cells and its inhibition mediated by Lantigen B. However, even if not formally demonstrated, this seems to be highly possible at least comparing the results of the reduction in the expression of ACE2 in these experiments with those described by Vercelli et al. In conclusion, Lantigen B, a bacterial lysate used for decades in the prophylaxis of recurrent respiratory infections, has well-established activity in reducing the number of infections in clinical trials. Our novel findings add that Lantigen B has activity that could be extremely useful in the prophylaxis of COVID-19 (or at least in the prevention of SARS-CoV-2 asymptomatic infections), particularly in the period that seems to be less protected by vaccines. Thus, in addition to the well-known effects of bacterial lysates on the adaptive and innate immune response, the finding of this capability of Lantigen B adds to the mechanism of action of bacterial lysates.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.06.490962
  162. www.biorxiv.org www.biorxiv.org
    https://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.07.491022
    1
    1. sciscore 11 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.07.491022: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Cell Line Authentication</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Contamination: Reagents: Cell lines: All cells were maintained in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle medium (DMEM) supplemented with 10% fetal calf serum (FCS), 100 U ml−1 penicillin and 100 mg ml−1 streptomycin and regularly tested and found to be mycoplasma free.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Antibodies</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Anti-rabbit IgG, HRP-linked Antibody (7074); Cyclin D3 Mouse mAb (DCS22, 2936); from Cell Signaling.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Anti-rabbit IgG</div><div>suggested: (Cell Signaling Technology Cat# 7074, RRID:AB_2099233)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Goat anti-Mouse IgG (H+L) Cross-Adsorbed Secondary Antibody: Alexa 488 (A-11001), Alexa 594 (A-11032), Alexa 647 (A-21236); Goat anti-Rabbit IgG (H+L) Cross-Adsorbed Secondary Antibody: Alexa 488 (A-11034), Alexa 405 (A-48254); Rabbit polyclonal SARS-CoV-2 Spike (PA1-41165); Rabbit monoclonal SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid (MA5-29982) from Thermo Fisher Scientific.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>anti-Mouse IgG</div><div>suggested: (Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# A-11001, RRID:AB_2534069)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Rabbit Polyclonal Cyclin A2 antibody (GTX103042); Rabbit Polyclonal Cyclin D1 antibody (N1C3, GTX108824); Rabbit Polyclonal Cyclin E1 antibody (GTX103045); Rabbit Polyclonal Cyclin B1 antibody (GTX100911); monoclonal SARS-CoV-2 Spike (GTX632604) from GeneTex.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Cyclin A2</div><div>suggested: (GeneTex Cat# GTX103042, RRID:AB_1949884)</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Cyclin D1</div><div>suggested: (GeneTex Cat# GTX108824, RRID:AB_10618686)</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Cyclin E1</div><div>suggested: (GeneTex Cat# GTX103045, RRID:AB_10731259)</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Cyclin B1</div><div>suggested: (GeneTex Cat# GTX100911, RRID:AB_1949886)</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>GTX632604</div><div>suggested: (GeneTex Cat# GTX632604, RRID:AB_2864418)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">pre-cleared cell lysates were incubated with a-HA magnetic beads, MagStrep beads (IBA-Lifescience, Gottingen, Germany) or anti-cyclin D3 monoclonal antibody (sc-xx) bound Protein G Dynabeads for 1h at 4°C.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>anti-cyclin D3</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Experimental Models: Cell Lines</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Following cells were a gift from: A549 ACE2/TMPRSS2 40 Massimo Palmerini, Vero E6 ACE2/TMPRSS2 from Emma Thomson, HeLa-ACE2 from James Voss, 293T (a human embryonic kidney cell line, ATCC CRL-3216).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>A549</div><div>suggested: None</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Vero E6</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">293T GFP11 cells and Vero-GFP10 cells for Split GFP assay were a gift from Leo James41.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>293T GFP11</div><div>suggested: None</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Vero-GFP10</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">293Tv cells were transfected with pEXN-MNCX-Fucci, CMVi and pMD2.G.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>293Tv</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Recombinant DNA</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Plasmids: pBOB-EF1-FastFUCCI-Puro was a gift from Kevin Brindle & Duncan Jodrell (Addgene plasmid # 86849 ; http://n2t.net/addgene:86849 ; RRID:Addgene_86849) 29. pCMV5 cyclin D3 HA was obtained from MRC-PPU Reagents and Services. Rc/CMV cyclin D1 HA was a gift from Philip Hinds (Addgene plasmid # 8948 ; http://n2t.net/addgene:8948 ; RRID:Addgene_8948) 44. pLVX-EF1alpha-SARS-CoV-2-E-2xStrep-IRES-Puro (Addgene plasmid # 141385 ; http://n2t.net/addgene:141385 ; RRID:Addgene_141385); pLVX-EF1alpha-SARS-CoV-2-M-2xStrep-IRES-Puro (Addgene plasmid # 141386 ; http://n2t.net/addgene:141386 ; RRID:Addgene_141386).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div></div><div>detected: RRID:Addgene_86849)</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>pCMV5</div><div>suggested: RRID:Addgene_15002)</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div></div><div>detected: RRID:Addgene_8948)</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div></div><div>detected: RRID:Addgene_141385)</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div></div><div>detected: RRID:Addgene_141386)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">pLVX-EF1alpha-SARS-CoV-2-nsp9-2xStrep-IRES-Puro (Addgene plasmid # 141375 ; http://n2t.net/addgene:141375 ; RRID:Addgene_141375); pLVX-EF1alpha-SARS-CoV-2-N-2xStrep-IRES-Puro (Addgene plasmid # 141391 ; http://n2t.net/addgene:141391 ; RRID:Addgene_141391) were a gift from Nevan Krogan 34. pEXN-MNCX, MLV vector encoding N-terminal double HA tag 45.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div></div><div>detected: RRID:Addgene_141375)</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div></div><div>detected: RRID:Addgene_141391)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">pCAGGS_SARS-CoV-2_Spike was obtained from NIBS.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>pCAGGS_SARS-CoV-2_Spike</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Cell cycle analysis using fluorescence ubiquitination cell cycle indicator (Fucci): Fucci cassete was cloned from pBOB-EF1-FastFucci-Puro vector to pEXN-MNCX using BamHI/NotI restriction sites.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>pEXN-MNCX</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">293Tv cells were transfected with pEXN-MNCX-Fucci, CMVi and pMD2.G.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>pEXN-MNCX-Fucci</div><div>suggested: None</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>pMD2.G</div><div>suggested: RRID:Addgene_12259)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Cell to cell fusion assay: 293T GFP11 cells were transfected with WT full length Spike, and/or with WT Envelope, Membrane, cyclin D3, and empty vector (pCDNA, to ensure equal amount of transfected DNA).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>pCDNA</div><div>suggested: RRID:Addgene_66792)</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Harmony (PerkinElmer, Waltham, MA, USA) and ImageJ software were used to measure MFI for each protein in each region.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>ImageJ</div><div>suggested: (ImageJ, RRID:SCR_003070)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Cell populations positive or negative for SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid staining were gated and Cdt1-RFP positive (G1 phase), Geminin-GFP positive (S/G2/M phase), and Cdt1-RFP/ Geminin-GFP positive (early S phase) populations were identified using flow cytometry using LSRFortessa X-20 (BD Biosciences, UK) and FlowJo software (Tree Star, OR, USA).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>FlowJo</div><div>suggested: (FlowJo, RRID:SCR_008520)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

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    Annotators

    URL

    biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.07.491022
  163. www.biorxiv.org www.biorxiv.org
    https://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.06.490927
    1
    1. sciscore 11 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.06.490927: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      No key resources detected.

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.06.490927
  164. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.07.22274792
    1
    1. sciscore 11 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.07.22274792: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      NIH rigor criteria are not applicable to paper type.

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">The branching process model is coded in Python 3.10.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Python</div><div>suggested: (IPython, RRID:SCR_001658)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.07.22274792
  165. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.06.22274771
    1
    1. sciscore 10 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.06.22274771: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">IRB: Ethical review for this study was obtained by the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of Clemson University (IRB # 2021-043-02)</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      No key resources detected.

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:

      Our study is subject to several limitations. First, due to low variability in month of vaccination in our study sample and a relatively short follow-up period, there was insufficient power to assess waning vaccine immunity after the 2nd and 3rd dose against any SARS-CoV-2 infection caused by omicron. Second, the omicron surge in South Carolina began at least one week before arrival testing was initiated.41 While underreporting of infections prior to this period was less likely for symptomatic individuals (proof of a positive SARS-CoV-2 test provided a 90-day exemption from mandatory testing), asymptomatic individuals during this time-period were less likely to be tested and reported. Because vaccinated individuals are more likely to have mild infections relative to unvaccinated individuals, it is likely that a larger proportion of vaccine breakthrough infections were underreported during this time. While this would lead to overestimation of vaccine effectiveness, the overall impact of underreporting is expected to be low, since only a small fraction of Omicron infections in South Carolina are estimated to have occurred prior to 2022.41 Third, misclassification of vaccination status may bias estimates of vaccine effectiveness.8 Financial incentives offered during the Fall 2021 semester for voluntary vaccination upload likely minimized underreporting of the 2-dose mRNA series. Therefore, unvaccinated individuals are unlikely to be misclassified since the analytic population was...

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.06.22274771
  166. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.07.22274789
    1
    1. sciscore 10 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.07.22274789: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      NIH rigor criteria are not applicable to paper type.

      Table 2: Resources

      No key resources detected.

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.07.22274789
  167. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.05.22274628
    1
    1. sciscore 10 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.05.22274628: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Consent: If the agent is selected for inclusion, the chaperones prepare the materials necessary for IRB approval and implementation, including agent-specific appendices to the master protocol, informed consent documents and technical guides on dosing and administration.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">2 The I-SPY COVID Trial is a phase 2, multi-center, multi-arm, adaptive, open-label, randomized controlled trial designed to rapidly screen agents to identify those with potential impact to meaningfully improve outcomes for severe COVID-19 patients (Figure 1).</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">While the open-label approach does potentially allow for investigator bias, a similar open label approach has also been used successfully in the RECOVERY Platform for COVID-19 in the United Kingdom.8 Ultimately, the open label design of the I-SPY COVID trial was deemed to be the most efficient approach to rapidly and safely evaluate novel therapeutics for severe COVID-19, with the goal that promising agents could be further tested in a closed, double blinded placebo-controlled format upon trial graduation.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Antibodies</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Examples of the type of analyses that will be conducted include testing whether previously identified phenotypes of ARDS are relevant in COVID-199, replicating innovative analyses of immunotypes within severe COVID-19,10 testing for anti-Type I interferon antibodies in serum from enrolled patients,11 and measuring plasma viral antigen levels and SARS-CoV-2 endogenous antibody levels.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>anti-Type I</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Lastly, site conduct is audited by Quantum Leap Healthcare Collaborative and trial conduct by other study sponsors.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Leap Healthcare</div><div>suggested: (Ohio State University College of Medicine; Ohio; USA, RRID:SCR_012866)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: We found the following clinical trial numbers in your paper:<br><table><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Identifier</td><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Status</td><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Title</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">NCT04488081</td><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Recruiting</td><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">I-SPY COVID-19 TRIAL: An Adaptive Platform Trial for Critica…</td></tr></table>

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

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    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.05.22274628
  168. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.03.22274517
    1
    1. sciscore 10 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.03.22274517: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      No key resources detected.

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.03.22274517
  169. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.04.22274665
    1
    1. sciscore 10 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.04.22274665: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">IRB: This study received approval from the Health Research Ethics Board at the University of Alberta (ethics ID: Pro00102401).</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">SAS version 9.4 (SAS Institute Inc.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>SAS Institute</div><div>suggested: (Statistical Analysis System, RRID:SCR_008567)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:

      Strengths and limitations: To our knowledge, this study is one of the first to assess how adolescent immunization coverage has changed over time during the COVID-19 pandemic and whether it has returned to pre-pandemic levels. A strength of our study was the use of a population-based repository that contains complete and timely information on all childhood immunizations, as well as complete denominator data. Data were included over a one-year period to determine whether coverage was recovering to pre-pandemic levels, which was previously unknown. A limitation is that there was a change in programming for the HPV vaccine during the 2018-2019 school year, moving from three doses in grade 5 to two doses in grade 6. As there were no HPV immunizations provided in this school year, we could not use this year for comparison. This meant that our definition of fully vaccinated was three or more doses for the 2017-2018 cohort, but two or more doses for the 2019-2020 and 2020-2021 cohorts. However, the percentage of individuals with two or more doses of HPV vaccine in the 2017-2018 cohort was 74.3%, so our difference in coverage estimates based on three dose coverage are conservative and with the same direction of effect (i.e., coverage is significantly lower in the pandemic cohorts in comparison to the pre-pandemic cohort). Additionally, as this study focused on immunization coverage for Albertan school children, findings may not be generalizable to other jurisdictions. Finally, as this...

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
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    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.04.22274665
  170. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.06.22274701
    1
    1. sciscore 10 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.06.22274701: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Consent: Verbal consent was obtained from the participants and for minors aged 13–17 years.<br>IRB: This study was approved by the ERES Ethics review board and National Health Research Authority.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      No key resources detected.

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:

      This study had several limitations. All cases were confirmed with RDTs, which have lower sensitivity than PCR tests (19). Additionally, beyond initial test results, serial testing was not available meaning some controls might have been in their incubation period at the time of testing and therefore misclassified. Omicron was not confirmed by genomic sequencing in this outbreak, so the outbreak could have been from another strain; however, Omicron was already dominant in Zambia before this outbreak occurred (20). Lastly, although few participants reported a prior confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection, the actual number might be much higher considering only a small proportion of cases are confirmed in Zambia (21). Rapid investigation of an outbreak in a closed setting demonstrated VE of COVID-19 vaccines against Omicron infection in Zambia. COVID-19 vaccination remains a critical tool in decreasing SARS-CoV-2 transmission and severity especially when coupled with a layered prevention including well-fitting facemask use, hand hygiene, limiting large gatherings, and adequate ventilation and/or outdoor gatherings. Continuing to rapidly scale COVID-19 vaccination to all eligible persons in Zambia can help prevent SARS-CoV-2 transmission and symptomatic COVID-19. Attribution of Support: This work has been supported by the President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) through the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the CDC Emergency Response to the COVID-19 pandemic.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.06.22274701
  171. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.04.22274677
    1
    1. sciscore 10 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.04.22274677: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      NIH rigor criteria are not applicable to paper type.

      Table 2: Resources

      No key resources detected.

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:

      A central limitation of the presented approach that it relies on the number of reported cases, which can be subject to inconsistencies due to variation in reporting and testing strategies. Thus, the identified waves do not necessarily reflect changes in the true number of infections. However, it is unlikely that testing and reporting strategies alone are able to produce epidemic waves with a very strong support from the proposed epidemic wave indicator. The calculation of bootstrap intervals (which should be interpreted as reference intervals rather than traditional confidence limits) can be helpful for assessing data-related uncertainty of the calculations. Still, this issue deserves further exploration. Another challenge is posed by the question, which time horizon should be used to calculate the wave indicator. In the examples, indicators with a longer time horizon (two and three months) seem to have worked better and more clearly at detecting epidemic waves. However, the choice is likely to depend on the characteristics of the waves, of which description the measure is intended to use. For epidemics with an annual periodicity of major waves, a time horizon of several months might be appropriate. However, until clearer guidance is available, I suggest using multiple timeframes, like it was done in the present study. An interesting characteristic of the proposed measure that it can also be used to detect phases of exponential decline in new case counts, which was not follow...

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No funding statement was detected.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.04.22274677
  172. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.06.22274719
    1
    1. sciscore 10 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.06.22274719: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">IRB: All research activities were implemented under protocols approved by Northwestern University’s institutional review board (#STU00212457 and #STU00212472).</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Antibodies</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Concentrations of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies against spike and nucleocapsid (N) antigens were quantified using the Meso Scale Discovery multiplex anti-IgG electrochemiluminescence assay (SARS-CoV-2 Panel 24, K15575U), which was specifically optimized and validated for use with DBS [9].</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG</div><div>suggested: None</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>anti-IgG</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Anti-spike IgG antibodies against wild-type (WT; Wuhan A) SARS-CoV-2 were quantified, as well as IgG antibodies against Delta (B.1.617.2; AY.2) and Omicron variants (B.1.1.529; BA.1).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Anti-spike IgG</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:

      Limitations of our study include the small sample size, and the absence of measures of cellular immunity to complement our assessment of antibody concentrations. In addition, our cohort includes fully vaccinated and boosted individuals, which precludes us from evaluating the likelihood of infection and magnitude of antibody response among the unvaccinated and those vaccinated with the initial doses but not boosted.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
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    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.06.22274719
  173. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.05.22274646
    1
    1. sciscore 10 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.05.22274646: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Statistical analyses were conducted using Stata v16.0</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Stata</div><div>suggested: (Stata, RRID:SCR_012763)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">(StataCorp LLC).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>StataCorp</div><div>suggested: (Stata, RRID:SCR_012763)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:

      One limitation is that other temporal changes may have occurred during the study that were not accounted for. The implementation of NPIs has been associated with suppression of circulating respiratory viruses.[4] Such viruses are known to increase pneumococcal carriage density,[6,7] which is a risk factor for disease.[7,10] The decline we observed in pneumococcal density associated with NPI implementation therefore provides a plausible mechanism for the reductions in IPD that have been observed elsewhere in the absence of a substantive reduction in carriage prevalence. Further research examining the links between pneumococcal carriage, density, and respiratory viruses is needed to fully elucidate the impact NPIs have on IPD.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: We found the following clinical trial numbers in your paper:<br><table><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Identifier</td><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Status</td><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Title</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">NCT03098628</td><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Active, not recruiting</td><td style="min-width:95px; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Trial of Simplified Pneumococcal Vaccination in Vietnam II</td></tr></table>

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.05.22274646
  174. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.04.22274681
    1
    1. sciscore 10 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.04.22274681: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">IRB: Systemic lupus erythematosus samples were previously biobanked and were obtained under the following protocols: Autoimmune Kidney Research Studies and Patient Registry and the Autoimmune Kidney Research Repository approved by the Boston University Medical Center Institutional Review Board.<br>Consent: Inclusion criteria for participants with lupus included the following: (1) participants must be >18 years of age, (2) participants with a diagnosis of autoimmune disease with or without kidney disease, and (3) participants must be able to read and understand the consent form.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Model confidence was calculated by randomly permuting Y 100 times and rebuilding the model to form a distribution of error for these randomly generated models, then comparing the model to this distribution with the Mann–Whitney U-test to determine the significance of the model.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Other statistical analyses were carried out using GraphPad version 9 or Matlab.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>GraphPad</div><div>suggested: (GraphPad Prism, RRID:SCR_002798)</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Matlab</div><div>suggested: (MATLAB, RRID:SCR_001622)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:

      There are additional limitations to our study. We sought to understand the immunologic trajectories noted in patients with this novel pathogen over longer periods post exposure. However, our study is not linked to clinical outcomes of interest during convalescence but rather is providing a broad background understanding of autoantibody dynamics in SARS-CoV-2 convalescent individuals. We also only examine a limited number of autoantibodies generally linked to autoimmune connective tissue disorders, the symptoms of which have been suggested to be consistent with PASC. To date, one of the issues to linking clinical outcomes such as PASC to immunological phenomenon has been the lack of a unifying clinical case criteria and understanding of the diverse phenotypes for this condition. The National Institutes of Health recently funded a large prospective cohort with the goal of understanding post-acute sequalae of SARS-CoV-2, entitled Researching COVID to Enhance Recovery (RECOVER), which may make such investigations possible in near future (https://recovercovid.org). Additionally, as mentioned above, our study does not have similar longitudinal samples from other viral infections, or for pre-pandemic controls (particularly those that might be hospitalized with severe illness). These types of controls should be included in future prospective cohorts of SARS-CoV-2 infection. We also do not have pre-infection samples for the SARS-CoV-2 cases, which would enable discerning early induced...

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.04.22274681
  175. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.04.22274667
    1
    1. sciscore 10 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.04.22274667: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      NIH rigor criteria are not applicable to paper type.

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Statistical Analysis: The compartmental model is coded in C++, and the results are analyzed in Microsoft Excel, through various plots.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Microsoft Excel</div><div>suggested: (Microsoft Excel, RRID:SCR_016137)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: Thank you for sharing your code and data.

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.04.22274667
  176. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.05.22273234
    1
    1. sciscore 10 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.05.22273234: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Software and Reproducibility: Data management and analysis was performed using the OpenSAFELY software libraries and Python, both implemented using Python 3.8.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Python</div><div>suggested: (IPython, RRID:SCR_001658)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">A federated analysis involves carrying out patient-level analysis in multiple secure datasets, then later combining them: codelists and code for data management and data analysis were specified once using the OpenSAFELY tools; then transmitted securely to the OpenSAFELY-TPP platform within TPP’s secure environment, and separately to the OpenSAFELY-EMIS platform within EMIS’s secure environment, where they were each executed separately against local patient data; summary results were then reviewed for disclosiveness, released, and combined for the final outputs.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>EMIS’s</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Decile charts were drawn using Seaborn and matplotlib.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>matplotlib</div><div>suggested: (MatPlotLib, RRID:SCR_008624)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: Thank you for sharing your code and data.

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:

      Strengths and limitations: This study has a range of strengths, some unprecedented. The scale and completeness of the data in the OpenSAFELY platform is greater than that through any other route for accessing GP data: other approaches either offer substantially fewer active current patients, in a data download onto researchers’ local machine (such as Clinical Practice Research Datalink); or only contain a small derived subset of information in the GP record (such as the GPES dataset extracted and disseminated by NHS Digital). Previous audits for compliance with PINCER or similar measures and indicators in primary care rely on manual audit within a practice, or analyses on data downloaded from a group of practices. By contrast OpenSAFELY executes analyses in a secure environment inside the EHR provider data centre, across the full set of all structured data in the GP record including all tests, prescriptions, diagnostic codes and referrals. In addition, although the underlying GP data is stored in two very different settings (TPP and EMIS) analyses written once in OpenSAFELY then execute in each setting identically, with the outputs aggregated afterwards, in a process known as “federated analytics”. Overall this represents a unique, national platform able to capture the patient journey for 57 million people in England whilst prioritising patient privacy. A second strength is the transparency and reproducibility of the analysis: as with all OpenSAFELY analyses, the complete set...

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No funding statement was detected.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.05.22273234
  177. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.05.22274695
    1
    1. sciscore 10 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.05.22274695: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">IRB: Ethics: Because VAERS is a vaccine safety surveillance program, this study was exempt from Institutional Review Board review.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      No key resources detected.

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:

      Our study also has limitations. First, VAERS reports can have conflicting or missing information, which could impact the results. For example, for one of our analyses (Table 2), 1,024 death events were excluded due to invalid or missing information regarding time to onset. However, we aimed to reduce the effect of missing or conflicting information in VAERS reports by using a standard set of consolidation rules (Table S1) to capture death events and their characteristics (age, sex, and time to onset); even so, these rules could yield inaccurate values. For example, age may be captured inaccurately if a healthcare provider reports the age inaccurately, despite a family member separately reporting the correct age. Second, although this analysis demonstrates low reporting rates of death after vaccination overall, these data do not preclude causal attribution of the vaccine for verified safety signals of specific adverse events. For example, an earlier review of VAERS reports for Ad26.COV2.S vaccine identified a safety signal for thrombosis with thrombocytopenia syndrome (TTS), a rare and serious adverse event that causes blood clots with low platelets. Further evaluation of this safety signal confirmed a causal relationship, and as of December 16, 2021, nine deaths reported in VAERS had been directly attributed to TTS following Ad26.COV2.S vaccine (32). Another potential limitation includes underreporting in VAERS. Underreporting is a well-known limitation of all passive surveil...

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.05.22274695
  178. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.04.22274675
    1
    1. sciscore 10 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.04.22274675: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      NIH rigor criteria are not applicable to paper type.

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">For example, using WorldClim data from a given year as habitat variables for a niche model of a species represented by collection data taken from a 150 year time period.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>WorldClim</div><div>suggested: (WorldClim, RRID:SCR_010244)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:

      An apparent limitation of our work is that we have worked at a quite coarse-grained level, that of municipalities. This is a limitation of the data used, however, not the methodology. In principal, a much finer spatial resolution, at the level of “census blocks”, for instance, could be used if data was available at that resolution for the target class and habitat. In the same vein, dynamical data that represented both changes in the local environment, such as lockdowns and hospital occupation rates, or changes in behaviour, such as mask wearing compliance, cell phone data as a proxy for short-term mobility, or vaccination rates, or a host of other factors could also be included. It would be interesting for example to determine to what extent adaptations in the pathogen were potentially reflected as changes in its niche. There is also the question of the validity of the target class data as maintaining accurate counts of confirmed cases is difficult. However, this would have little to no impact on the overall conclusions of our ENM/SDMs. In summary: Our goal here was not to offer a gold-standard model for prediction of the pandemic. As mentioned, there are more predictive and directly causal factors than we have included here. However, the niche of COVID-19 is immensely complex and adaptive and the incorporation of the vast array of relevant factors that determine it is a huge challenge in data collection and integration. What we have shown is that if that data can be represen...

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.04.22274675
  179. www.biorxiv.org www.biorxiv.org
    https://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.05.490850
    1
    1. sciscore 10 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.05.490850: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Cell Line Authentication</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Antibodies</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Secondary antibody incubation was performed at room temperature for 2 hours using Goat Anti-Mouse IgG H&L (31430, Thermo) or Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (31460, Thermo).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Anti-Mouse IgG</div><div>suggested: (Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# 31430, RRID:AB_228307)</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Anti-Rabbit IgG</div><div>suggested: (Thermo Fisher Scientific Cat# 31460, RRID:AB_228341)</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Experimental Models: Cell Lines</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">ORF6 variant mutants were constructed by subcloning the construct in a TA backbone, followed by substituting the residues as described before (Edelheit et al, 2009) and cloning in the pCAGGS backbone using EcoRI and XhoI. Cell Lines and cell culture: Human embryonic kidney 293T (HEK293T), A549 lung adenocarcinoma, and HeLa cells were purchased from National Centre for Cell Science (NCCS), and HEK-ACE2, Vero cells were procured from the America Type Culture Collection (ATCC, Bethesda, MD).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>HEK293T</div><div>suggested: None</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>A549</div><div>suggested: NCI-DTP Cat# A549, RRID:CVCL_0023)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Viruses and infection: Infection: SARS-CoV2 (Isolate Hong Kong/VM20001061/2020, NR-52282, BEI Resources, NIAID, NIH) was propagated and titered by plaque assay in Vero E6 cells as described before (Case et al, 2020).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Vero E6</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Plasmid transfection: HEK-293T cells (0.1 X 106 cells/well) were seeded in a 24 well plate pre-coated with 0.1 mg/mL poly-L-lysine (P9155-5MG, Sigma-Aldrich) and 24 hours later used for transfection.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>HEK-293T</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Similarly, Vero cells were seeded on coverslips in 24 well plates (0.1 X 106 cells/well) for overnight incubation.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Vero</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Similarly, HeLa cells were transfected with 250 ng of RIG I Flag or MAVS Flag and 250 ng of ORF6 strep for 24 hours.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>HeLa</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Recombinant DNA</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">For constructing the deletion mutants, the desired sequence was PCR amplified from pLVX-EF1alpha-SARS-CoV-2-ORF6-2xStrep-IRES-Puro plasmid, followed by cloning in the pCAGGS backbone using EcoRI (ER0271, Thermo scientific) and XhoI (ER0691, Thermo scientific) restriction enzyme including the full-length ORF6.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>pLVX-EF1alpha-SARS-CoV-2-ORF6-2xStrep-IRES-Puro</div><div>suggested: RRID:Addgene_141387)</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>pCAGGS</div><div>suggested: RRID:Addgene_127347)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Luciferase Reporter Assay: For the IFN induction assay, HEK-293T cells were co-transfected, in duplicates, with 50 ng of IFNβ-luc firefly luciferase reporter plasmid, and 20 ng of pRL-TK Renilla luciferase reporter plasmid along with 500 ng of SARS-CoV-2 protein expression plasmid or empty vector.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>pRL-TK Renilla luciferase reporter</div><div>suggested: RRID:Addgene_12179)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">They were then co-transfected with 500 ng of IRF3-GFP and 500 ng of SARS-CoV-2 protein-expressing plasmid using Lipofectamine 2000 reagent (11668019, Invitrogen).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>SARS-CoV-2 protein-expressing</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Graphical representations and statistical analysis: All numerical data of luciferase assays and qRt-PCR were analysed and plotted using GraphPad Prism v8.0.2.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>GraphPad Prism</div><div>suggested: (GraphPad Prism, RRID:SCR_002798)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">The model diagram of ORF6 action (Fig 7) and 3-D structure (Sup Fig 3C) were made by using Biorender</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Biorender</div><div>suggested: (Biorender, RRID:SCR_018361)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

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    Annotators

    URL

    biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.05.490850
  180. www.biorxiv.org www.biorxiv.org
    https://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.05.490805
    1
    1. sciscore 10 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.05.490805: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Consent: Informed consent for the use of human tissues was obtained from all subjects and approval was granted by the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of the University of Hong Kong and the Hospital Authority (Hong Kong West) (IRB approval no: UW 20-862).<br>IRB: Informed consent for the use of human tissues was obtained from all subjects and approval was granted by the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of the University of Hong Kong and the Hospital Authority (Hong Kong West) (IRB approval no: UW 20-862).</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Cell Line Authentication</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Contamination: All cell lines were tested for mycoplasma every three months using the Lookout Mycoplasma PCR detection kit (Sigma-Aldrich) and were authenticated by ATCC®.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Antibodies</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">A Goat anti-hACE2 polyclonal primary antibody (at 1:100 dilution corresponding to a concentration of 2 µg/ml; Bio-techne, catalogue number #AF933) and an Alexa Fluor 488-conjugated donkey anti-goat secondary antibody (1:10,000 dilution, Jackson Laboratory, Catalog number # 305-547-003) were used for Western-blotting.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>anti-hACE2</div><div>suggested: None</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>anti-goat</div><div>suggested: (Jackson ImmunoResearch Labs Cat# 305-547-003, RRID:AB_2339544)</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Experimental Models: Cell Lines</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Cell lines: Human primary embryonic kidney 293T/17 (HEK293T/17) cells, monkey kidney Vero E6 cells (Vero-E6), and Baby hamster kidney fibroblast 21 (BHK-21) cells were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC® CRL-11268, ATCC® CRL-1586™, ATCC®</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Vero E6</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">HEK293T/17 cells were also used to produce MLV control and hACE2 nanoparticles.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>HEK293T/17</div><div>suggested: ATCC Cat# CRL-11268, RRID:CVCL_1926)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">In brief, HEK-293T/17 cells were co-transfected using Lipofectamine 2000 (Life Technologies) with MLV Gag-Pol packaging construct and the MLV transfer vector encoding a luciferase gene reporter either by itself (MLV-control) or with one of the Spike protein or hACE2 protein expression vectors for 48h at 37°C or 72h at 33°C.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>HEK-293T/17</div><div>suggested: ATCC Cat# CRL-11268, RRID:CVCL_1926)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Infectious viral titers in culture supernatants were assayed by TCID50 in Vero-E6-TMPRSS2 cells.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Vero-E6-TMPRSS2</div><div>suggested: JCRB Cat# JCRB1819, RRID:CVCL_YQ49)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">The difference between parental BHK-21 cells in the presence and absence of wild-type pseudovirus was not significant (p-value: 0.37) and the difference between parental and hACE2-expresing BHK-21 cells in the presence of wild-type pseudovirus was highly significant (p-value: 1.57 e-13).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>BHK-21</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Recombinant DNA</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Plasmids: The plasmids for MLV production, pCMV-MLV-gag-pol and pTG-Luc, were kindly provided by Jean Dubuisson (Institut Pasteur de Lille).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>pCMV-MLV-gag-pol</div><div>suggested: None</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>pTG-Luc</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">pcDNA3.1-SARS2-Spike1 and pcDNA3.1-hACE21 were obtained from Addgene (Addgene plasmids #145032; #145033); pCI-SARS2-Spike expressing a codon optimized version of the gene coding for S protein of SARS-CoV-2 was provided by Nicolas Escriou (Institut Pasteur).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>pcDNA3.1-SARS2-Spike1</div><div>suggested: None</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>pcDNA3.1-hACE21</div><div>suggested: None</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>pCI-SARS2-Spike</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">pUNO1-SpikeV8 carrying delta variant spike and pUNO1-SpikeV11 carrying omicron (B.1.1.529/BA.1 lineage) spike were purchased from InvivoGen (catalogue numbers p1-spike-v8 and p1-spike-v11 respectively).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>pUNO1-SpikeV11</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">All normalized data were then statistically analysed and represented using GraphPad Prism, version 9.3.1 (GraphPad Software).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>GraphPad Prism</div><div>suggested: (GraphPad Prism, RRID:SCR_002798)</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>GraphPad</div><div>suggested: (GraphPad Prism, RRID:SCR_002798)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Cryo-ET data collection of pseudovirus-infected cells: For pseudovirus-infected cells and lamellae, cryo-ET data were collected either using SerialEM on a Titan Krios G3i (Thermo Fisher Scientific) operated at 300kV, equipped with a K3 direct electron detector with a BioQuantum energy filter (Gatan Inc.) with energy slit set to 20 eV or a Glacios microscope (Thermo Fisher Scientific) operated at 200kV, equipped with a Falcon 3EC direct electron detector (Thermo Fisher Scientific).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>SerialEM</div><div>suggested: (SerialEM, RRID:SCR_017293)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Cryo-ET data processing: Automated real-time reconstruction protocols as implemented in the pyCoAn package, version 0.3 (github.com/pyCoAn/distro), an extended python version of the CoAn package13 were employed for all reconstructions.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>python</div><div>suggested: (IPython, RRID:SCR_001658)</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>CoAn</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Segmentation of features of interest was achieved using manual tracing with Amira17, version 2019.4.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Amira17</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Tomogram slices were visualized with IMOD21, version 4.11.1, and segmentation results with Amira.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Amira</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.05.490805
  181. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.05.22274731
    1
    1. sciscore 10 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.05.22274731: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      NIH rigor criteria are not applicable to paper type.

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Demographic variables: Age and sex (Field ID: 31, 34) are used as confounding variables in regression analyses to eliminate potential bias when testing the significance of association between super variants and the phenotype (Fig 4 B&C).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Field ID</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Statistical analyses were conducted with Python 3.9.0.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Python</div><div>suggested: (IPython, RRID:SCR_001658)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.05.22274731
  182. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.06.22274658
    1
    1. sciscore 10 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.06.22274658: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      NIH rigor criteria are not applicable to paper type.

      Table 2: Resources

      No key resources detected.

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.06.22274658
  183. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.06.22274755
    1
    1. sciscore 10 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.06.22274755: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">IRB: Approval from the National Ethical Committee was obtained (PHRC/HC/737/20).<br>Consent: Written informed consent was obtained from all participants before the interview and the blood sampling and approval of utilization of tests was obtained from Medicare laboratories Participation was completely voluntary and all participants were informed that all the information collected would be anonymous and treated as confidential.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Study design and participants: This second cross-sectional study was conducted between September 14, 2021 and October 21, 2021 on a random sample of adults aged 18 years and above residing in 11 governorates in the West Bank, Palestine.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Antibodies</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Upon the interview, participants were asked if they would like to get tested for antibodies against COVID-19.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>COVID-19</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sars-CoV-2 Antibody Testing Presence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies was investigated with the Elecsys Anti-SARS-CoV-2 assay by using the Cobas Analyzer cobas e 411 (Roche) at the Arab American University of Palestine Laboratory.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>SARS-CoV-2</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Samples from vaccinated and recovered persons with detected SARS-CoV-2 anti N and SARS-CoV-2 anti S antibodies were run as positive controls.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>anti N</div><div>suggested: None</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>anti S</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.06.22274755
  184. www.biorxiv.org www.biorxiv.org
    https://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.06.490867
    1
    1. sciscore 09 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.06.490867: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">IRB: Ethics statement: Ethical approval was provided by NHSGGC Biorepository (application 550).</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Cell Line Authentication</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Experimental Models: Cell Lines</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Cells: HEK293T and 293-ACE2 cells were maintained at 37°C, 5% CO2, in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM) supplemented with 10% foetal bovine serum, 2mM L-glutamine, 100μg/ml streptomycin and 100 IU/ml penicillin.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>HEK293T</div><div>suggested: None</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>293-ACE2</div><div>suggested: RRID:CVCL_DR94)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">HEK293 cells were used to produce HEK293-ACE2 target cells by stable transduction with pSCRPSY-hACE2 and were maintained in complete DMEM supplemented with 2μg/ml puromycin.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>HEK293</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Recombinant DNA</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">HEK293 cells were used to produce HEK293-ACE2 target cells by stable transduction with pSCRPSY-hACE2 and were maintained in complete DMEM supplemented with 2μg/ml puromycin.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>pSCRPSY-hACE2</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">HEK293T cells were transfected with the appropriate SARS-CoV-2 Spike gene expression vector (Wuhan, Alpha, Delta, or Omicron) together with p8.9171 and pCSFLW72 using polyethylenimine (PEI, Polysciences, Warrington, USA).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>pCSFLW72</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">All analyses and data visualisations were executed using the stats[25] and ggplot2[26] packages respectively, from R version 4.0.5.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>ggplot2</div><div>suggested: (ggplot2, RRID:SCR_014601)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No funding statement was detected.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.06.490867
  185. www.biorxiv.org www.biorxiv.org
    https://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.06.490907
    1
    1. sciscore 09 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.06.490907: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">IRB: Ethical approval for this project (IB 4165/20 PI, 6 April 2020) was obtained from the ethics committee of the Balearic Islands and waived the requirement for informed consent, due to the emergency situation.<br>Consent: Ethical approval for this project (IB 4165/20 PI, 6 April 2020) was obtained from the ethics committee of the Balearic Islands and waived the requirement for informed consent, due to the emergency situation.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">The reaction mixture contained 250 mM Tris-HCl (pH 8.3), 375 mM KCl, 15 mM MgCl2, 2.5 µM random hexamers, 500 µM of each dNTP, 20 U RNase inhibitor, 10 mM DTT, and 200 U M-Mlv reverse transcriptase.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Cell Line Authentication</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Experimental Models: Cell Lines</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">To generate SARS-Cov-2 pseudovirus, Human embryonic kidney 293 (HEK 293, ATCC® CRL-1573™) cells were seeded in a 10 cm2-plate at 4.5×106 cells/plate, in DMEM (ThermoFisher Scientific, #11995073</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>HEK 293</div><div>suggested: ATCC Cat# CRL-1573, RRID:CVCL_0045)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Pseudovirus entry assay: A549 cells (ATCC® CCL-185) seeded in 6-multiwell plates at 0.23 × 106 cells/well in DMEM (10% FBS and 1x Normocin), and grown overnight at 37 °C, 85%</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>A549</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Recombinant DNA</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">psPAX2 was a gift from Dr Didier Trono</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>psPAX2</div><div>suggested: RRID:Addgene_12260)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Addgene plasmid # 12260); pLV-mCherry was a gift from Dr Pantelis Tsoulfas</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>pLV-mCherry</div><div>suggested: RRID:Addgene_36084)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Addgene plasmid # 36084); pcDNA3 mCherry was a gift from Dr Scott Gradia</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>pcDNA3</div><div>suggested: RRID:Addgene_15475)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">(Addgene plasmid # 30125); pcDNA3.1(+)eGFP was a gift from Dr Jeremy Wilusz</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>pcDNA3.1</div><div>suggested: RRID:Addgene_79663)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Addgene plasmid # 129020); pcDNA3.1-SARS2-Spike was a gift from Dr Fang Li</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>pcDNA3.1-SARS2-Spike</div><div>suggested: RRID:Addgene_145032)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">(Addgene plasmid # 145032); pcDNA3.1-ACE2-GFP was a gift from Dr Utpal Pajvani</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>pcDNA3.1-ACE2-GFP</div><div>suggested: RRID:Addgene_154962)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Next day, HEK 293 cells were then cotransfected with 15 μg of psPAX2 : pcDNA3.1SpikeVOCs : pLV-mCherry at ratio 1:1:1 (i.e. 5:5:5 μg) using Lipofectamin™ 3000 transfection reagent (Thermo-Fisher Scientific, #L3000015)</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>pcDNA3.1SpikeVOCs</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Next day, cells were transfected with either pcDNA3.1(+)eGFP (control) or pcDNA3.1-GFP-ACE2 expressing the ACE2 SNPs.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>pcDNA3.1-GFP-ACE2</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">100k Genomes Project (100KGP) as the main sources of aggregated data for ACE2 protein altering variations in populations groups across the world.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>100k Genomes Project</div><div>suggested: (MedBlast, RRID:SCR_008202)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">PCR product was purified by clean-up (FAGCK001, Favorgen) and further sequenced by Macrogen.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Macrogen</div><div>suggested: (Macrogen, RRID:SCR_014454)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Statistical analyses were performed using R Studio version 3.5.2 of the R programming language (R Project for Statistical Computing; R Foundation, Vienna, Austria). and Stata v17.0 program.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>R Project for Statistical</div><div>suggested: (R Project for Statistical Computing, RRID:SCR_001905)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:

      Our study has limitations. First the study population is small, including patients from Hospital Son Llatzer and Hospital Son Espases, two of the main hospitals in the Balearic Health System. There might be a selection bias when identifying factors that differ between patients with COVID-19, although COVID-19 patients were matched for age and sex as well with the control group. Second, it is a retrospective study conducted in an emergency situation, and in which not all the clinical characteristics of the patients were recorded. Third, some patients had elevated biomarker data in some laboratory measurements, as well as in GDF15 and ACE2 levels, and we did not exclude them from the analysis due to small sample size and because those numbers were physiological and not due to technical errors. Finally, the study is cross-sectional and no causal inferences can be made. Despite the limitations, our study provides convincing evidence that in patients with COVID-19, the levels of GDF15 and ACE2 could be associated with increased inflammation and disease severity while ACE2 missense SNPs might be linked to infection susceptibility. In conclusion, critically ill patients with COVID-19 present higher levels of GDF15 and ACE2, as well as acute inflammation. These two proteins might be of importance because of its association with disease severity in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2. Our results suggest that certain genetic variations in ACE2 might modulate susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2...

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.06.490907
  186. www.biorxiv.org www.biorxiv.org
    https://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.06.490915
    1
    1. sciscore 09 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.06.490915: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Experimental Models: Organisms/Strains</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Amino acid sequences of the NendoU (Nsp15) orthologues of the following human coronaviruses were obtained from the Uniprot.org database: SARS-CoV2; HCoV-229E; HCoV-NL63; HCoV-OC43; HCoV-HKU1.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>SARS-CoV2; HCoV-229E; HCoV-NL63; HCoV-OC43; HCoV-HKU1</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Recombinant DNA</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">DNA sequences encoding each protein were codon-optimized for bacterial expression, synthesized, and cloned into the pET28a expression plasmid as custom orders by GenScript Biotech.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>pET28a</div><div>suggested: RRID:Addgene_139598)</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">The following reagents were acquired from Fisher Scientific: 1 M Tris-HCl pH 7.0 stock solution, TCEP-HCl, MnCl2, beta-mercaptoethanol, NaCl.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Fisher Scientific</div><div>suggested: (Thermo Fisher Scientific, RRID:SCR_008452)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No funding statement was detected.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.06.490915
  187. www.biorxiv.org www.biorxiv.org
    https://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.06.490883
    1
    1. sciscore 09 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.06.490883: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      No key resources detected.

      Results from OddPub: Thank you for sharing your data.

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:

      4.1 Limitations of this study: The presented model has several limitations: (1) we assume only a single immune cell population, with only a single phenotype; (2) we assume that macrophages may only activate via a single (classical) route; (3) healthy epithelial cells and resting macrophages do not produce cytokines; (4) only a limited set of cytokines is considered; and finally (5) there is a fair amount of uncertainty surrounding the parameter values. Mathematical and computational models require initial simplification, as well as subsequent iterative development, but can never-the-less, offer a unique perspective that can help enhance understanding. Therefore, the presented model serves as an initial starting point from which we can build, by including further complexity and more detailed study which can inform or enhance experimental studies.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.06.490883
  188. www.biorxiv.org www.biorxiv.org
    https://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.05.490815
    1
    1. sciscore 09 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.05.490815: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      No key resources detected.

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No funding statement was detected.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.05.490815
  189. www.biorxiv.org www.biorxiv.org
    https://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.05.490776
    1
    1. sciscore 09 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.05.490776: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      No key resources detected.

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No funding statement was detected.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.05.490776
  190. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.03.22274622
    1
    1. sciscore 08 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.03.22274622: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      No key resources detected.

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.03.22274622
  191. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.04.22274692
    1
    1. sciscore 08 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.04.22274692: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      NIH rigor criteria are not applicable to paper type.

      Table 2: Resources

      No key resources detected.

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:

      These results might be explained by the limitations of the statistical models which yielded these predictions. Additionally, specific local population and environmental characteristics as well as the low case ascertainment might have had a mitigating effect. The prediction model of the MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis at Imperial College London was built on estimates of severity obtained from data from China and Europe, and model parameters obtained from data from China and the United Kingdom (11). On the other hand, Pearson et al. considered that the reproductive number R (which is the number of ancillary cases that one case would generate if in contact with a completely susceptible population (18)) would be 2, that the dispersion estimate k (which is the variance of R over the mean of R and quantifies whether a set of observed cases are clustered or dispersed when compared to cases following a standard negative binomial distribution (19)) would be 0.58, and that the serial interval (which is the time that elapses between two consecutive cases of an infectious disease (20)) would be normally distributed with a mean of 4.7 ± 2.9 days (1). These model parameters all originated from populations which substantially differ from SSA populations in terms of composition, density, living customs, and health status, all of which impact the dynamic of the COVID-19 pandemic. Furthermore, Abbot et al. acknowledged that data were scarce at the time they estimated R and k,...

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.04.22274692
  192. www.biorxiv.org www.biorxiv.org
    https://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.04.490692
    1
    1. sciscore 08 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.04.490692: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      No key resources detected.

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    biorxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.04.490692
  193. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.03.22274395
    1
    1. sciscore 08 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.03.22274395: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">IRB: PCR confirmed and clinically suspected severe COVID-19 cases admitted to hospital were recruited into the DISCOVER study at North Bristol NHS Trust for which HRA Approval was granted by the South Yorkshire Research Ethics Committee (20/YH/0121).<br>Consent: All samples were used in accordance with the Human Tissue Act (2004) with appropriate consent and ethical approvals in place.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding of validation set: The validation set of samples (n=807) were split into multiple aliquots (n=5) for randomisation and blinding by assigning a new barcode ID for each aliquot.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding of validation set: The validation set of samples (n=807) were split into multiple aliquots (n=5) for randomisation and blinding by assigning a new barcode ID for each aliquot.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Cell Line Authentication</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Antibodies</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Purified proteins were analysed by SDS-PAGE and by Western-blots assays using an anti-His tag antibody (Sigma).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>anti-His tag</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">After washing, HRP-conjugated anti-human Pan-Immunoglobulin (Pan) (Sigma), IgG (Southern Biotech), IgA (Sigma) or IgM (Sigma) secondary antibody, in the same dilution buffer as the samples, was added (50 µl per well) and incubated for 1 hour.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>IgG ( Southern Biotech)</div><div>suggested: (SouthernBiotech Cat# 1050-01, RRID:AB_2737431)</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>IgA ( Sigma )</div><div>suggested: (Sigma-Aldrich Cat# I1010, RRID:AB_1163625)</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>IgM ( Sigma ) secondary antibody</div><div>suggested: None</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>IgM</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Roche SARS-CoV-2 anti-nucleocapsid antibody assay: Serum samples from PCR-confirmed cases were analysed using the commercial Elecsys® Anti-SARS-CoV-2 (Roche) in the Department of Microbiology, Infection Sciences, Southmead Hospital, North Bristol NHS Trust, Southmead Road, BS10 5NB, UK following manufacturer’s instructions.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>anti-nucleocapsid</div><div>suggested: None</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Anti-SARS-CoV-2</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Transfected 293T cells were then infected with VSV*G-FLuc particles for 2 hours, washed with PBS, then incubated with fresh DMEM, supplemented with 10% FBS and 1:2000 (v/v) I1 (anti-VSV-G) antibody (absolute antibody Ab01401-10.3).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>I1</div><div>suggested: None</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>anti-VSV-G</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Experimental Models: Cell Lines</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">VSV-G-harbouring BHK21 cells were infected with VSV*ΔG- FLuc particles to generate complemented VSV*G-FLuc particles as previously described (35).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>BHK21</div><div>suggested: ATCC Cat# CRL-6281, RRID:CVCL_1914)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">, 293T cells were seeded and transiently transfected with a plasmid corresponding to the original Wuhan strain Spike protein (pCAGGS-S2-spike) using Turbofect transfection reagent (ThermoFisher R0532) for 16 hours following the manufacturer’s instructions.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>293T</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Optimal pseudotype cell entry was achieved using VeroE6 cells stably expressing the human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor and the cell surface protease TMPRSS2 (Vero ACE2 TMPRSS2 (VAT) cells, which were a kind gift from Dr Suzannah Rihn, MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research (36)</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>VeroE6</div><div>suggested: JCRB Cat# JCRB1819, RRID:CVCL_YQ49)</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Vero ACE2</div><div>suggested: RRID:CVCL_A7UJ)</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Recombinant DNA</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">The sequence was synthesized with an NdeI restriction site at the 5’ end and the BamHI site at the 3’ end and cloned into pET28a expression vector.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>pET28a</div><div>suggested: RRID:Addgene_139598)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">The recombinant plasmids (pET28a-NP-FL) were transformed into E. coli strain BL21 (DE3)</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>pET28a-NP-FL</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">, 293T cells were seeded and transiently transfected with a plasmid corresponding to the original Wuhan strain Spike protein (pCAGGS-S2-spike) using Turbofect transfection reagent (ThermoFisher R0532) for 16 hours following the manufacturer’s instructions.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>pCAGGS-S2-spike</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Images were acquired on the ImageXpress Pico Automated Cell Imaging System (Molecular Devices) using a 10X objective and infected cells detected and quantified using Cell ReporterXpress software (Molecular Devices).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Cell ReporterXpress</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Statistical Analysis: Data analyses were performed using either R software with R Studio, and GraphPad Prism (version 9) as detailed below.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>GraphPad Prism</div><div>suggested: (GraphPad Prism, RRID:SCR_002798)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">However, sample readouts using other methods including interpolated unit values (from a 4- parameter logistic regression model fit (on Prism or within BMG software) to the 7- point standard pool dilution series) and AUC from sample dilution series were used in the development stage.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Prism</div><div>suggested: (PRISM, RRID:SCR_005375)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:

      Strengths of this study include rigorous development of high performance, low blood volume, cost-effective tests which can be easily deployed in a variety of settings, but our approach also has several limitations. Firstly, whilst samples from pre-pandemic children were included, samples from children with COVID-19 were not available to us and as such, assay performance for detecting recent paediatric infections cannot be reported. However, since widespread vaccination of children is not currently common in many countries while asymptomatic/mild paediatric infections are, antibody assays offer a useful tool for monitoring infection in this age group. The antigens used in the in-house assays were generated using the genetic sequence from the parent Wuhan strain of SARS-CoV-2 first described in 2020 (7) from which several new variants of concern (VOC) have evolved and have caused significant waves of infection globally. Some of these variants, especially Omicron, include multiple mutations in these target antigens and as such, may lead to antibody responses with differential binding to the target antigens. Indeed, antibodies responses raised to antigens from one SARS-CoV-2 variant genetic sequence lead to differential ability to neutralise VOC strains. However, whilst others have shown reduced binding to antigens from sequences of VOCs, rates of seropositivity when using different antigens, and/or from people who were infected with non-Wuhan variants, appear to be relatively un...

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

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    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.03.22274395
  194. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.04.22274668
    1
    1. sciscore 08 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.04.22274668: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Consent: Study population and sampling: Health care workers (HCWs) and Health workers (HWs) at the Nigerian Institute of Medical Research (NIMR) and Federal Medical Center, Ebute Metta, volunteering to be vaccinated with two doses of AZD1222 eight weeks apart were recruited to the study following signed informed consent.<br>IRB: Statistical analysis was performed using GraphPad Prism version 9.0. Ethics: This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of NIMR (IRB-21-040).</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Cell Line Authentication</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Antibodies</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Laboratory methods and sample testing: Binding IgG antibodies (Abs) against SARS-COV-2 receptor-binding domain (RBD), trimeric spike protein (S) and nucleocapsid protein (N) were measured using the Luminex-based SARS-CoV-2-IgG assay (Luminex) by flow cytometry as previously detailed8,16.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Binding IgG</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Differences between neutralization antibody titres in IgG anti-N participants with ID50>20 were compared by Kruskal Wallis non-parametric test.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>anti-N</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Experimental Models: Cell Lines</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">For plasma neutralising antibody measurement, SARS-CoV-2 lentiviral pseudovirus (PV) were prepared by transfecting 293T cells with Wuhan-614G wild type (WT), B.1.617.2 (Delta) and BA.1 (Omicron) plasmids in conjunction with p8.91 HIV-1 gag-pol expression vector 17.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>293T</div><div>suggested: None</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Pseudovirus neutralization was performed on Hela-ACE2 cells using SARS-CoV-2 spike PV expressing luciferase.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Hela-ACE2</div><div>suggested: JCRB Cat# JCRB1845, RRID:CVCL_B3LW)</div></div></td></tr><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Statistical analysis was performed using GraphPad Prism version 9.0. Ethics: This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of NIMR (IRB-21-040).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>GraphPad Prism</div><div>suggested: (GraphPad Prism, RRID:SCR_002798)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:

      The limitations of the study include a modest sample size and follow up period, though we had nearly 50 participants with sequential follow up data and samples and 140 baseline samples for binding Ab studies. The underlying community population of Lagos was not sampled in a systematic way given vaccine delivery was first undertaken in individuals in the health sector; therefore the findings may not be fully generalisable to the whole country or region. In addition we did not measure non-neutralising antibody activities in vaccinees. Furthermore we were not able to identify the variants causing breakthrough infections, although neutralisation profiling was consistent with breakthrougxh infections largely driven by Delta. We conclude that AZD1222 is immunogenic in this real world west African cohort with significantly higher than previously expected background seroprevalence and incidence of breakthrough infection over a short time period. Prior infection and breakthrough infection induced higher anti-SARS-CoV-2 Ab responses at 3 months post vaccine against all widely circulating VOC. However, plasma neutralisation against Omicron BA.1 was low at three months regardless of prior exposure. Two dose AZD1222 has been showed to generate lower neutralisation titres and efficacy across different settings, in comparison to mRNA vaccines2,3,28. mRNA vaccine ‘booster’ third doses induce broader, potent responses against Omicron BA.13,29 and reduce mortality in the elderly30. Therefore, ...

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.04.22274668
  195. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.03.22274592
    1
    1. sciscore 08 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.03.22274592: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">IRB: Ethical Statement: The protocol was approved by the Institutional Review Board of the Sheba Medical<br>Consent: Centre (SMC) and written informed consent was obtained from all study participants.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">To present all IgG Antibody levels in Binding Antibody Units (BAU) per the World Health Organization (WHO) standard measurements we imputed the Abott-based BAU values from the Beckman-Coulter assay results, based on an independent sample of individuals with both Abbott BAU and Beckman-Coulter levels (see Supplementary Methods).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Abbott</div><div>suggested: (Abbott, RRID:SCR_010477)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Graphical presentation: Scatter plots of IgG and neutralizing antibody levels since the receipt of the second and third doses were created with the use of GraphPad Prism software, version 9.0 (GraphPad Software).</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>GraphPad Prism</div><div>suggested: (GraphPad Prism, RRID:SCR_002798)</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>GraphPad</div><div>suggested: (GraphPad Prism, RRID:SCR_002798)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Statistical analysis was performed using SAS software, version 9.4 (SAS Institute),</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>SAS</div><div>suggested: (SASqPCR, RRID:SCR_003056)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:

      This study has several limitations, first as all participants are health care workers, they are relatively younger and healthier than the general population, thus potentially limiting its generalizability. Second, the study period following waning was relatively short. Further studies to assess waning after longer periods are needed. Furthermore, as participants were not blinded to their serology testing, those who had lower serological markers, could have potentially had a lower threshold for PCR testing and this might have created a bias. Yet, during the study period, due to the outstanding surge in cases, all HCW, regardless of their serological tests, were encouraged to obtain a weekly RT-PCR SARS-COV test in addition to testing after exposure or due to symptoms. Numerous studies showed that mRNA vaccines played a major role in protecting the world population against COVID-19. We demonstrate here that the humoral response following a third dose is sustained for months with only minor reduction in antibody levels and that infection with omicron VOC is correlated with antibody level and thus, potentially, might be predicted. Nevertheless, our results clearly show that the humoral response generated by vaccination may not be enough to protect against Omicron infection. BNT162b2 booster doses have been proven to be protective against severe disease and mortality, yet if reducing transmissibility and achieving herd immunity is what we are striving for, a different vaccination ...

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a protocol registration statement.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.03.22274592
  196. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.02.22274456
    1
    1. sciscore 08 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.02.22274456: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      No key resources detected.

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:

      Another limitation of our study is that it was underpowered to identify significant differences in the stroke subgroups due to low numbers of strokes in a relatively short period of lockdown. New South Wales is currently in the middle of a period of significant increase in COVID-19 transmission due to a local outbreak of the delta strain of the virus in Western and South Western Sydney. We plan to repeat our analysis on the new time period in order to increase our statistical power strengthen our results.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.02.22274456
  197. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.03.22274641
    1
    1. sciscore 08 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.03.22274641: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">IRB: This study was approved by the Johns Hopkins University Institutional Review Board (IRB00246826).</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">We used REDCap for data entry.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>REDCap</div><div>suggested: (REDCap, RRID:SCR_003445)</div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Out of the total 516 patients, 18 patients had missing data for some of the variables and these patients were excluded from the analysis involving those variables. 2.3 Data Analysis: We analyzed data using Microsoft Excel for Mac 2021 and StataIC 16.1 (StataCorp. 2019. Stata Statistical Software:</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Microsoft Excel</div><div>suggested: (Microsoft Excel, RRID:SCR_016137)</div></div><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>StataCorp</div><div>suggested: (Stata, RRID:SCR_012763)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:

      Our study has several limitations. First, our data contained sampling and ascertainment bias since SARS-CoV-2 testing was based on symptom presentation. We did not test children at random, rather we tested children based on the presence of certain symptoms, which were pre-determined by our testing algorithms at that time. Initially, these symptoms included only fever and respiratory symptoms. Diarrhea and loss of taste/smell were added late in the study period, which likely explains the observed lower prevalence of those symptoms in our study population. Second, we assessed patient encounters that occurred during the early months of the pandemic. Data on COVID-19 symptoms were just beginning to emerge at that time, which may have played a role in symptom documentation and triage. Third, our study was limited to hospitals that are situated in urban settings in a single state, which limits generalizability. Finally, we were not able to assess social and environmental factors such as household structure, parental occupation, and environmental exposures, all of which may influence disease severity and subsequent symptom presentation. As evidence continues to grow, our study provides further insight into COVID-19 symptoms among the pediatric population. However, the presence or absence of any single symptom, other than possibly the sudden loss of taste or smell, is not sufficient to guide clinical decision-making in testing for SARS-CoV-2 among pediatric patients presenting to eme...

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

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    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.03.22274641
  198. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.05.22274721
    1
    1. sciscore 08 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.05.22274721: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">The latter is a negative control outcome, where if selection were random, there should be no difference in risk factor estimates between tested (true) negative participants and untested (assumed) negative participants.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      No key resources detected.

      Results from OddPub: Thank you for sharing your code.

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:

      There are limitations of these measures. These data were measured at UK Biobank baseline, up to 14 years before the pandemic began (years 2006-2010). Whilst factors such as education (highest qualification) are unlikely to have changed in adults during this time, other measures (income and household size for example) may have changed. In sensitivity analyses removing retired individuals from income analyses, we could only exclude individuals retired at baseline. Whilst this will be correlated with income at baseline, we could not unpick how current employment status was associated with COVID-19. Further, we could not examine how associations with occupation, which has been shown to be associated with COVID-19, have changed over time. Whilst some occupation data are available, we do not have access to i) self-employment status or ii) The National Statistics Socio-economic classification codes which can be used to proxy SEP. UK Biobank is healthier and wealthier than the general population,19 and as such, the point estimates obtained here may not be transportable to other populations. Whilst UK Biobank has relatively little missing data, some variables (e.g., income) experience high amounts of missingness, which we did not account for. Multiple imputation offers an opportunity to account for missing data in analyses, however, this method is only valid where data are missing at random. Here, it is plausible to assume that missingness in the reporting of income is missing not at ...

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.05.22274721
  199. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.04.22274657
    1
    1. sciscore 08 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.04.22274657: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      No key resources detected.

      Results from OddPub: Thank you for sharing your data.

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:

      3.2 Limitations of the available evidence: One limitation is the lack of high-quality evidence from the included studies. Confidence in the strength of evidence about adverse outcomes of COVID-19 IPC procedures was rated as ‘low’ overall. Whilst the majority of studies were deemed to be of moderate quality according to the quality appraisal checklists used, due to the nature of methods used and the standard of reporting, overall, the evidence was weak, and therefore quality was rated as ‘low’ overall. The key limitations of included studies are summarised in this report. However, due to the rapid nature of this review, quality appraisals were conducted (see Appendix 1), but no formal risk of bias was conducted. 3.3 Implications for policy and practice: Since March 2020, there have been many changes to government guidelines relating to procedures to keep the population safe from COVID-19 harm. Policies vary according to country, even within the UK. Important issues such as care home visitation policies have changed in such a way that care home staff have felt it difficult to keep up with the changes, which in itself increased the burden on those staff. The implications identified from this work are as follows: 3.4 Strengths and limitations of this Rapid Review: Strengths: Where previous rapid reviews focused on the effectiveness of IPC procedures for reducing COVID-19 transmission in care homes, this rapid review focused on adverse outcomes experienced by residents and staff f...

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.04.22274657
  200. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.04.22274647
    1
    1. sciscore 08 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.04.22274647: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      No key resources detected.

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: An explicit section about the limitations of the techniques employed in this study was not found. We encourage authors to address study limitations.

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.04.22274647
  201. www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
    https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.04.22274659
    1
    1. sciscore 08 May 2022

      SciScore for 10.1101/2022.05.04.22274659: (What is this?)

      Please note, not all rigor criteria are appropriate for all manuscripts.

      Table 1: Rigor

      <table><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Ethics</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Sex as a biological variable</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Randomization</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Blinding</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;margin-right:1em; border-right:1px solid lightgray; border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">Power Analysis</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">not detected.</td></tr></table>

      Table 2: Resources

      <table><tr><th style="min-width:100px;text-align:center; padding-top:4px;" colspan="2">Software and Algorithms</th></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;text=align:center">Sentences</td><td style="min-width:100px;text-align:center">Resources</td></tr><tr><td style="min-width:100px;vertical-align:top;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray">5.2 Search strategy: Below is an example of a search strategy for the Medline database.</td><td style="min-width:100px;border-bottom:1px solid lightgray"><div style="margin-bottom:8px"><div>Medline</div><div>suggested: (MEDLINE, RRID:SCR_002185)</div></div></td></tr></table>

      Results from OddPub: We did not detect open data. We also did not detect open code. Researchers are encouraged to share open data when possible (see Nature blog).

      Results from LimitationRecognizer: We detected the following sentences addressing limitations in the study:

      3.9 Limitations of available evidence: Limitations of this rapid review include a lack of high-quality evidence such as RCTs and service evaluation studies that evaluate specific innovations or tailored services to reduce gender inequalities. Only 8 papers in this rapid review were primary studies indicating that more primary research is needed to evaluate specific innovations or tailored interventions to reduce gender inequalities in the UK context. 3.10 Implications for policy and practice: Implications for policy and practice are outlined below for each of the six EHRC domains: 3.10.1 Work: 3.10.2 Health: 3.10.3 Living Standards: 3.10.4 Personal Security: 3.10.5 Participation: 3.10.6 Education: 3.10.7 Further research: Innovations implemented in the domains of personal security, participation and education require robust evaluation. Further research is required to understand the effectiveness of gender equality innovations for minority groups. 3.11 Strengths and limitations: 3.11.1 Strengths: This rapid review focused on the peer-reviewed papers (n=21) in alignment with the six domains identified by EHRC. The 21 peer-reviewed papers were a mixture of reviews, commentaries, and primary studies. Grey literature (n=14) is included in Appendix 2. The rapid review investigated innovations/interventions to reduce gender inequality during the first three waves of the COVID-19 pandemic between March 2020 and December 2021. Data was not presented according to ‘waves’, but data coll...

      Results from TrialIdentifier: No clinical trial numbers were referenced.

      Results from Barzooka: We did not find any issues relating to the usage of bar graphs.

      Results from JetFighter: We did not find any issues relating to colormaps.

      Results from rtransparent:

      • Thank you for including a conflict of interest statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • Thank you for including a funding statement. Authors are encouraged to include this statement when submitting to a journal.
      • No protocol registration statement was detected.

      Results from scite Reference Check: We found no unreliable references.

      <footer>

      About SciScore

      SciScore is an automated tool that is designed to assist expert reviewers by finding and presenting formulaic information scattered throughout a paper in a standard, easy to digest format. SciScore checks for the presence and correctness of RRIDs (research resource identifiers), and for rigor criteria such as sex and investigator blinding. For details on the theoretical underpinning of rigor criteria and the tools shown here, including references cited, please follow this link.

      </footer>
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    medrxiv.org/cgi/content/10.1101/2022.05.04.22274659