standard languageideology as the unquestioned belief system that assigns the written language variety of a privileged group asstandard (and superior) and all others nonstandard
"Standard language ideology... assigns the written language variety of a privileged group as standard (and superior) and all others nonstandard" (Watson par. 14).
standardized English was historically (and continues to be) modeled after the speech ofprivileged white communities
"Standardized English was historically (and continues to be) modeled after the speech of privileged white communities" (Watson par. 6).
Race -- notemployability, not intellect, not educability -- determines stratification in rates of literacy and educationalachievement.
"Race -- not employability, not intellect, not educability -- determines stratification in rates of literacy and educational achievement" (Watson par. 8).
All dialects are linguistically equal and capable of meeting communicative needs.
"All dialects are linguistically equal and capable of meeting communicative needs" (Watson par. 3).
the mastery of Standard English almost uniformly is a prerequisite toupward mobility
"The mastery of Standard English almost uniformly is a prerequisite to upward mobility" (Solomon & Winsboro par. 5).
speakers of Black English are presented with more obstaclesto success than are speakers of Standard English
"Speakers of Black English are presented with more obstacles to success than are speakers of Standard English" (Solomon & Winsboro par. 4).
a realisticchance of success in American society is frequently based on mastery of Standard English.
"A realistic chance of success in American society is frequently based on mastery of Standard English" (Solomon & Winsboro par. 1).