Continual improvements through a safety data flywheel, which continually learns from the road how to expand the set of operational design domains for safe deployment.
大多数人认为自动驾驶安全应该基于静态的、预先定义的操作设计域，但作者提出动态学习和扩展安全边界的'安全数据飞轮'概念。这一观点挑战了传统静态安全边界观念，暗示自动驾驶系统需要不断学习和适应新的安全场景，而非固定在一套预定义规则中。
framework integrating three therapeutic modes, namely Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), Outdoor Therapy and Group Therapy. We describe the ACT-GRO(ACT-GroupOutdoor) Framework, its components, rationale behind the proposed Framework and explain how each component enhances the other and can be viewed as a system of systems-a term borrowed from engineering –requiring each system to be autonomous, connected, and diverse, with a common purpose and a commitment to a greater outcome. In the second part, we describe how the three therapeutic modes working in an integrative way meet Baldwin’s criteria of a system of systems. Finally, we
This is an interesting example of applying systems of systems concepts to a form of integrated therapy. By maintaining the same rigorous requirements for characterization as a system of systems, a framework emerges which can be applied to other integrated systems.
COPE: Create Once, Publish Everywhere
With the growing need and ability to be portable comes tremendous opportunity for content providers. But it also requires substantial changes to their thinking and their systems.
AI agents can acquire novel behaviors as they interact with the world around them and with other agents. The behaviors learned from such interactions are virtually impossible to predict, and even when solutions can be described mathematically, they can be “so lengthy and complex as to be indecipherable,” according to the paper.
The sheer number of interacting variables that you'd need to track makes it impossible to make any accurate predictions.
The Two Sides of the H-LAM/T System
When I view this diagram, I am reminded of Robert Rosen's Modeling Relation, an image of which is here The Modeling Relation grew out of research in Relational Biology which was the first mathematical biology to recognize that relations among organism components and between those components and the environment are key to understanding complex adaptive systems.
It is the augmentation means that serve to break down a large problem in such a way that the human being can walk through it with his little steps, and it is the structure or organization of these little steps or actions that we discuss as process hierarchies.
As I begin to read this (as I did back in 2000 when I was introduced to Doug) I begin to think in terms of reductionism as a practice in the face of problems which are highly complex, nonlinear, and which do not submit to chunking.
This is why people can play the piano with their fingers but not with their toes.
That does not really explain why there are very talented musicians that have limb defects, but I suppose that similar to a blind person being able to hear better, their brains adjust (like complex-adaptive systems do) and reassign a new input-element (e.g. the feet) to a left-over motoric system(e.g. the hands).
Interpretive Communities
Should be credited to Stanley Fish.
There may well be a dominant reading, but this can erode over time if the “interpretive community” (Fish 1980) to which it speaks changes or the message lost entirely if that com-munity is decisively disrupted or displaced.14