Ginsberg paints a petrified picture of the industrial civilization which he calls "Moloch". The modern world has become like a prison in which individual aspirations and free-thinking is controlled by the system and laws. People living in this civilizational jail are faced with extreme sorrow and helplessness. The fate of individuals rests in the hands of institutions that are run by callous machinery. The whole setup is like a war zone whereby everyone is fighting to stay alive.

Here Ginsberg is using the analogy of warfare with the advertising agencies and the kind of work that people perform there. He shows that young innocent minds complete their degrees and when they are set out to explore themselves in this world, the big advertisement firms on Madison Avenue, and such financial districts, take these young people and burn their intellectual prowess by suiting them up in flannel suits and occupying their attention in making jingles for the advertisers. Thus, the best minds are lost in an imagined reality and the real world is obscured by their vision through the same means as used in warfare, such as nitroglycerine and mustard gas.

Ginsberg is expressing his radical idea in these opening lines of Howl. He is referring to the non-conformist people and deplored individuals of society as the best minds of his generation. It is because Ginsberg saw the devastation of the industrial society on free and innovative thinking. When someone is destroyed by madness or starving in the streets, that individual has shunned the conformist ideas and refused to be a part of the ordinary. Although such individuals might seem to be angry and looking for remedies for their travesties, Ginsberg views them as the best of the lot who found their inner voice in a tumultuous society.

The aspect of alliteration is most conspicuous in the poem. The narrator uses alliteration in the lines “I saw a darky dressed fit to kill” and “Organ grinder grind out some jazz” to ensure an appealing flow of the narration.

Georgia Douglas Johnson’s poem “Interracial” is characterized by a metaphor, which is traceable in the lines “How tears and torturing distress, /May masquerade as happiness.” She narrates how can pretend to be happy while hurting inside. In her second poem “Black Woman,” Johnson uses poetic techniques such as repetition to deliver her message in a bright and unordinary fashion. For example, the lines “The world is cruel, cruel, child, I cannot let you in!” and “Be still, be still, my precious child, I must not give you birth!” play into the general sing-song-like tempo of the poem.

Describes how both her head and hand are tired of sewing, but society cannot allow her to leave. The central literary device used in the poem is a metaphor. “I Sit and Sew” illustrates women’s submission in her society. In her following poem, “You! Inez!” she uses symbolism to demonstrate how the lover’s mouth was as soft as a flower.

Gwendolyn Bennet’s poem, “To Usward”' is captivating, and the use of metaphor as a literary device is quite remarkable in the poem. It's compares the mental status of her people to that of a ginger jar left on a shelf. The objective of this juxtaposition is to convey the impression of inactivity and an excessive lack of action. It portrays little respect for the protagonist and her people.

The river is used as a metaphor in the poem for Hughes’ life and the African American experience as a whole. It contains no rhymes and relies on lines.

The poem end with Harsh and dramatic, which might be seen as a sign of racial turmoil, but can also relate to population migration and the destruction of misconceptions.

This line best explains how America will be ashamed because everyone will eventually realize that gathering the group together because of their skin color is discriminatory and immoral.

Mutual understanding is key for the subsequent cooperation and adjustment among people in society. Alluding that the condition for treating and liking others is a fallacy that led to the mistreatment of the Old Negro. The poet also indicates that remedying racism in the current America requires people to understand themselves and adjust to accommodate one another.

With the renewed dependence and respect in the Negro community, a new phase has been achieved. The attitudes, resilience, and experiences of leap has necessitated these values by promoting dynamicity that has led to free interactions among the people. Locke’s poetry and education have also warrant new leadership and a brighter future.

The metamorphosis from old to new Negro has been progressive and long term but the Old Negro had been considered myth for long. According to Locke, the Old Negro was debated on moral and historical grounds but still perceived as a fiction. The adverse circumstances of dependence limited his recognition in America until it metamorphosed to New Negro that is more of a man than a myth like its old counterpart.

Despite despising the black, the Negro focus on their activities and performances. One prominent Negro clubwoman paid for Raquel Meller songs yet she had insisted that she would never hear songs from a black artist regardless of their greatness. The case justifies that one’s greatness is what people follow and not their races or statuses and how people view them.

The irony portrayed that the racial culture for the Negro who are perceived to be high class has nothing to offer but they are struggling with things white than their less cultured or wealthy ones. This case indicates that contentment, respect, and hard work are the recipe for living comfortably in society. Hughes notes that the father of this group of people may be working in a classy organization or as a politician but their racial perception drags them to unrespectable levels.

Despite trying to be a poet but not a Negro poet, Hughes’ family is a Negro middle class. The poet’s family consist of rich people who are hardworking respectable, contented and religious people. For instance, his father works every morning as a steward in one large white club reflecting that he is humble and contented with his duties.

A question that arises in my mind in response to the opening verse of the poem is that why April, a month in spring, is associated with dullness and lack of vitality and is considered the cruelest month in direct contrast to connotations of new life and joyful abundance of fertility associated with spring. Even as the flowers and plants grow, they have dull, lackluster roots and grow in a wasted and dead land, destroying the concept of the month of spring as a festive and vibrant season.

The tone and rhythm of the poem are fast, uneven, representing the manner of regular speech.

“The Spring and All” can be read in two dual methods: depicting the world awakening after the winter and restoration of the piece after the war. The poem was written in 1923, after World War I, and it can be read as a reflection on the returning to normality.

The poem displays the simplicity of daily pleasures that add a minor emotional appeal of guilt mixed with pleasure. This work does not have a severe conflict behind it, but its depiction of the narrator eating the plums can be related to sinning.

The motif of loneliness comes to a head in these two lines. The image of a rose putting on armor creates the picture of an individual putting her guard up and disallowing others into her life. The rose or flower is a common symbol of femininity, indicating the subject is a woman reluctant to explore her sexuality.

The section advances the motif of isolation from the perspective of the dead, showing that loneliness is a reality of existence. It refers to the dead individual who serves as the poem’s subject as ‘man,’ implying that the average person must contend with the reality of isolation. No one bothers mourning the dead man. He was not even buried properly, indicating that people never truly cared about him. He rests in isolation, buried by the sea far from any community.

The image of isolation is a principal motif in this poem. This section shows that people would do anything for love. It is not a basic necessity, yet most people cannot live without it. The intense obsession with love portrayed by these two lines shows that the fear of isolation is the main reason people seek compassion from others. Humans are social beings. Consequently, isolation could have an adverse effect on psychological wellbeing. Thus, although love is not necessary for people to survive, it helps dispel the sense of isolation that could drastically reduce the quality of life and make it not worth living.

I think wall is used of a metaphor for privacy.

People should respect each other’s’ privacy and mind their own business.

Use of rhyming words: moth and cloth, blight and right, broth and froth, and kite and white.

I think he wrote (WHEN) with capital letters to make us pay attention!

The poet utilizes onomatopoeia, tick, tick, tick, to highlight the sound of seeds in a pod. The repetition enhances its utility by giving the first line rhythm. The onomatopoeia also represents alliteration, as three ‘ts’ follow each other, assonance as the vowel ‘i’s, are also in sequence and also consonance due to the consonant ending ‘ck’. A simile is used to compare the sound the seeds are making to mites in a quarrel. In addition, quarreling is a human behavior showing that the author has personified the mites. The repetition of ‘tick’ six times aligns with Master’s figurative critique of the literary device contributing to limited originality in poetry.

The poem starts with SEEDS in capital letters for emphasis, implying the author wants to draw attention to them. The d consonant sound in seeds, dry, and pod suggests the use of consonance. The contrast between the stressed syllable ‘ee’ in seeds and the unstressed one ‘o’ in pod forms an iambic dimeter.

Despite being her husband, John lacks the empathy that the narrator would consider to be relevant in any other setting. John’s scientific background makes him appear as though he is insensitive and does not recognize that people actually suffer. Ultimately, this inconsiderate realization of people’s suffering also affects the overall mental well-being of his wife.

The narrator expresses her annoyance following the fact that she has to constantly do as John states both as her physician and as her husband. According to John, failure to take the medication for her condition would only result in the depletion of her self-control. Therefore, to avoid the much unwanted confrontation, she takes the pains only in his presence despite the fact that the whole process and its effects renders her exhausted. It may be deduced that she is under the control of John but at the same time, she is more aware of the consequences of her medication. However, because of John’s staunch belief in numbers and scientific facts, he blinded from seeing the overall impact of the medications on her well-being.

John is described as an objective individual who is more aligned with the manner in which fact are presented. Ideally, in his capacity, factors that cannot be explained or be proven from a factual or experimental basis are mere hearsay and therefore, he has no standing with them. On the contrary, John prefers matters that are practical in nature and does not entertain the talks associated with faith as they cannot be explained from any scientific basis or from the explanation derived from calculated figures and rely on the superstitious beliefs. In this understanding his persona is reflected as a strict and scientific individual.

Du Bois expounds on how he finally resolved the paradox he faced by immersing himself in book-learning and, subsequently, discarding the ignorance that prevented him from realizing self-empowerment. Gaining insight on all aspects of life that prevent African Americans from achieving self-actualization allowed the author to converge his double-consciousness into a single, illuminated, self-consciousness. He gained self-realization and self-respect, allowing him to write about the plight of African Americans in a way that alienated neither his American or Negro identity. As a result, he could pursue his career without limitations and appeal to all audiences without betraying his heritage or abandoning his Negro identity.

This section advances the motif of double -consciousness further by highlighting the paradox of double aims which African American artists and writers face. In their attempts to appeal to audiences, they are often forced to create content that is heavily based on white mainstream culture. It is often the only way they can gain access to mainstream media and get their work published. However, this white bias not only earns them the displeasure of other African Americans who consider them traitors, but prevents black artists from telling the stories of their people and exploring their heritage.

This paragraph introduces the motif of double-consciousness. It highlights the author’s initial struggle of trying to reconcile his Negro identity with his American identity. According to Du Bois, it is difficult for African Americans to access opportunities without first adopting mainstream white culture due to interpersonal, institutional, and structural racism. On the other hand, adopting white culture leads to alienation from one’s family and community, leading to the loss of identity and belonging associated with affiliation to the African American populace.

This sentence flummoxes me because it suggests that the Virgin had a profound impact on human history and development. Yet, the author does not explain in great detail who this Virgin is. Likewise, the sentence does not reveal how one should understand and measure the Virgin's impact on the Western world, for example. If this impact is indeed so enormous, it should not be difficult to spot. I wonder if subsequent problems (that Adams had with this undertaking) stemmed from a rather vague understanding of the Virgin.

This passage seems slightly confusing because the author does not clarify why and in what ways Americans did not understand the central meaning of those verses. Hence, the extent and essence of the problem highlighted in the sentence remain unclear. The nature of the "law" seems particularly confusing because the term implies that events or actions must follow a certain pattern. Yet, the author never explicitly reveals it. Thus, it becomes harder to understand the exact problem that the author tries to raise in the text.

This sentence puzzles me because it speaks about broken "historical neck" while leaving this concept undefined. While the text suggests this injury is not physical, it forces readers to wonder what this term should encompass exactly. The author might refer to shifts in historical or scientific paradigms, although it is difficult to be certain. I also cannot decide whether this concept should primarily focus on individual experiences or social expectations. Similarly, the text does not specify forces responsible for this trauma. Notably, one can wonder if these forces include specific inventions, technological trends, in general, or social and economic transitions that usually follow human progress.

Why does he repeat the sentence at the end of each paragraph?

What exactly does this word mean in this poem?

What is driving the transformation of the timid and beautiful elements to raw and powerful expressions such as fists?

The lion lives in the forest.