The mechanism of the CRISPR-Cas system response to invading phages or plasmids can be summarised in three stages: adaptation; expression; and interference [22]. During adaptation, the Cas protein binds to the invading DNA by recognising the protospacer-adjacent motif and acquiring a protospacer sequence from the target DNA.

The phage cocktail decreased the bacterial load in the wound to a greater extent than that in the control group, which used 1% sulfadiazine silver emulsion cream as standard care [11].

Bacteriophages (phages) are a category of viruses capable of infecting bacteria.

Bioengineered phages are designed, created or modified form of existing biological entities to accomplish desired task as they would not do naturally

Implementation of phage therapy as bacteriophage impregnated dressings in the battlefield and appropriate phage usage against nosocomial infections potentially can reduce mortality and morbidity rate from battlefield trauma.

Typically, bacteriophage morphology exhibit well defined three-dimensional structure. The genetic material is enclosed in an icosahedral protein capsid head, a tail (spiral contractile sheath surrounding a core pipe and a baseplate with tail fibers) and surface receptor proteins responsible to recognize specific surface molecules on the host bacterium [5].

Bacteriophages are viruses, the most abundant organisms and the natural predators of bacteria. They are self-replicating, obligatory intracellular parasites and inert biochemically in extracellular environment.