won't require as much feedback.

Therefore, not all NPH patients may be able to benefit from this treatment plan

aging participants

for timely gait initiation

. This is important as the participants should learn the correct gait technique rather than the modified version they will have with the cart which is the assistive walking device

Even though there have been documented improvements of this parameter following shunt placement

The first means to improve gait delineates a progressive resistance exercise regiment.

, symptoms persist

. Additionally, arterial hypertension and type 2 diabetes are seen in many patients with NPH and are thought to be two of the most prevalent comorbidities

will help patients i

done every day

several times every day

Figure 10

The prevalence of peripheral neuropathy among people with diabetes is 50% within 10 years of initial diagnosis (Bril, Breiner, Perkins, & Zochodne, 2018).

ATP

doingso

When using a live horse weighing several hundred kilograms. It is vital that the hippotherapy treatment team guarantee the suitability, behaviour, and fitness of the horse; however, these variables can be variable and leave an element of risk

McDonald, 2000)

(image 1)

(ischemic stroke (thrombotic or embolic), hemorrhagic stroke (intracerebral or subarachnoid) and transient ischemic attack (TIA)),

harmmorrage

Diagnosis of MS is made based on both pathological and clinical indicators of the disease. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and magnetic resonance spectrometry (MRS) are commonly used to examine the brain and spinal cord in order to identify active plaques (Froham et al., 2006). Clinical recognition of exacerbations of  common MS symptoms are also considered in the diagnosis. 

The course of peripheral neuropathy

However, they remain able to balance, stand and walk

prolonged hyperglycemia, or diabetes

mage of the brain with the anterior cingulate gyrus in purple and the cerebellum in bu

Impairments in the executive system occur in the sensorimotor cortex, the superior frontal cortex, and the anterior cingulate gyrus and the reticular formation of the brain stem and can contribute to the gait disorder

what does the life of the patient look after diagnosis of the disease?

mage of the subarachnoid space and the orientation of the subarachnoid villi as well as the superior sagittal sinus

Tests the efficiency of the hair cells and cochlea in the ear

issues.

This is different than rotation testing that uses longer, slower head movements 

rotation test method

 tests monitor eye movements

. (Kerber, 2016)

Having good balance

Depression, anxiety, social isolation, loss of self-esteem and self-confidence

BVL.

 UVH

35% of US adults aged 40 years and older showed evidence of balance dysfunction. The odds of balance dysfunction increased significantly with age, such that 85% of individuals aged 80 and above showed evidence of balance dysfunction. Additionally, the odds of balance dysfunction were found to be 70% higher among individuals with diabetes mellitus (Agrawal, Ward & Minor, 2013)

Causes of vestibular loss

ototoxicity

Meanwhile, the increased muscle and joint pain experienced by individuals with PPS has been quantified using questionnaires as shown in a study by Kay et al. (2018) demonstrating that muscle and joint pain was experienced by over 50% of a cohort of individuals with PPS compared to only 25-33% of controls.

This image shows that in poliomyelitis, the efferent neurons are effected while the afferent neurons remain intact.

Gastrocnemius & SoleusMuscles required for ankle plantar flexion

Muscle AtrophyMuscle atrophy is measured as decreases

Breathing complicationsA patie

aralytic PoliomyelitisDuring the paralytic manifestation of acute poliomyelitis, the virus reaches the cells of the brain and spinal cord (particularly the cells of the anterior horn).

Meninges of the Spinal CordDuring the non-paralytic manifestation of acute poliomyelitis, the virus reaches the meninges of the spinal cord and the brain causing aseptic meningitis.

Since there is no cure for dyspraxia, treatments and interventions are available that provide ways to improve activities of daily living (Hendrickx, 2009). The outlook for dyspraxia depends on how severe the condition is and what forms of interventions are done. Some individuals adopt skills that ease their difficulties and allows them to lead normal lives (Boon, 2010). The sooner children are diagnosed with DCD, the faster treatment can begin, which ensures a greater chance of improvement in their lives.

It is said to occur after a prenatal, perinatal or neonatal insult or after neuronal damage at the cellular level in the neurotransmitter or receptor systems. It is believed that the problems experienced by children with DCD are due to abnormalities in neurotransmitter or receptor systems rather than from damage to specific groups of neurons or brain regions (Banhart et al., 2003). It has also been said that DCD is due to parts of the brain having undergone immature development, leading to decreased nerve cells connections (Hendrickx, 2009). It is implied that minor neurological dysfunction is the cause of movement difficulties (Missiuna et al., 2006).

Inverse myotactic reflex arc

consciousness

heartbeat auscultation (allowing to determine if a blood impairment is present in the arteries)

the acronym FAST

strengthen the trunk muscles

It is characterized by an increase in ankle and knee extension during stance phase (Vasco et al., 2016). This compensatory knee joint stiffening helps to stabilize the lower limb through knee hyperextension (Vasco et al., 2016)

Giunti, 2017)

Patients may be able to live several decades longer if they are carefully assisted and treated for related cardiac symptoms (i.e. arrhythmias) using anti-diabetic treatment

 In addition to experienced symptoms, scoliosis and pes cavus are common skeletal deformities also found in the disease (Harding, 1981). Principal non-neurological features found in FA patients were cardiac impairments and diabetes mellitus (Brusse et al., 2007). Cardiomyopathies are an essential non-neurological diagnostic feature in FA patients (Wood, 1998).  However, the exact proportion of patients that show this feature is unclea

Patients with FA typically show symptoms between the ages of 5 and 15 years old, but can appear in adulthood (Delatycki & Corben, 2012). The most common clinical features are difficulty walking and imbalance (Delatycki & Corben, 2012). Over the course of the disease, muscles progressively weaken, predominantly in the lower limbs as well as a loss of tendon reflexes occurs in the knees and ankles (Delatycki & Corben, 2012). FA patients exhibit dysarthria, dysmetria, fatigue, nystagmus, and most develop scoliosis. Other symptoms include chest pain, shortness of breath, and heart palpitations (Delatycki & Corben, 2012).

pathological

HLA

moking, Vitamin D, UVB

particularity EVB

Smoking, Vitamin D

These plaques are: clearly defined, hypocellular areas showing degeneration of myelin, relative preservation of axons, and the formation of astrocytic scars

autoimmune

Lesions are common within the brainstem and spinal cord and as such, many MS symptoms are associated with impared motor function.