These women were considered saints and in many instances monuments were erected to their memory.

Vivekananda, and Bodhasarananda. "Child Widows of India." The Complete Works of Swami Vivekananda. Vol. 2, Advaita Ashrama, 1907.

A river.

Manu (Sanskrit: मनु) is a term found with various meanings in Hinduism. In early texts, it refers to the archetypal man, or to the first man (progenitor of humanity).The Sanskrit term for 'human', मानव (IAST: mānava) means 'of Manu' or 'children of Manu'. In later texts, Manu is the title or name of fourteen mystical Kshatriya rulers of earth, or alternatively as the head of mythical dynasties that begin with each cyclic kalpa (aeon) when the universe is born anew. The title of the text Manusmriti uses this term as a prefix, but refers to the first Manu – Svayambhuva, the spiritual son of Brahma.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manu_(Hinduism)

At first as a term for the Indo-Iranian languages, and later partly extended to the Indo-European languages.

A Sanskrit epic principally concerning the dynastic struggle and civil war between the Pandavas and the Kauravas in the kingdom of Kurukshetra about the 9th century BC.

https://www.yourdictionary.com/mahabharata

A heap of combustible material, especially one for burning a corpse as part of a funeral ceremony.

Atmatyagin means something in Hinduism, Sanskrit.

https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/atmatyagin

Yajnavalkya was a Hindu Vedic sage. He is mentioned in the Upanishads, and likely lived in the Videha kingdom of northern Bihar approximately between the 8th century BCE and the 7th century BCE. Yajnavalkya is considered one of the earliest philosophers in recorded history. Yajnavalkya proposes and debates metaphysical questions about the nature of existence and impermanence, and expounds the epistemic doctrine of neti neti ("not this, not this") to discover the universal Self and Ātman. His ideas for renunciation of worldly attachments have been important to Hindu sannyasa traditions.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yajnavalkya

Āpastamba Dharmasūtra is a Sanskrit text and one of the oldest Dharma-related texts of Hinduism that have survived into the modern age from the 1st-millennium BCE.

Patrick Olivelle (2006). Between the Empires: Society in India 300 BCE to 400 CE. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-977507-1.

North American Review (NAR) was the first literary magazine in the United States. It was founded in Boston in 1815 by journalist Nathan Hale and others. It was published continuously until 1940, after which it was inactive until revived at Cornell College (Iowa) under Robert Dana in 1964. Since 1968, the University of Northern Iowa (Cedar Falls) has been home to the publication.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_American_Review

Edwin Arnold went to India in 1856 as Principal of the Government Sanskrit College at Poona, a post which he held for seven years, which includes a period during the mutiny of 1857. He came back to England in 1861.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edwin_Arnold

Meaning a blood relationship.

“Charities Review, Vol. 06 No. 03.” Philanthropy Resources Online (PRO), Charities Review, May 1897, http://ulib.iupuidigital.org/cdm/ref/collection/PRO/id/27304/.

Edwin Arnold's main argument.

A very poor person.

Christian widows were not required to remarry and could freely choose to remain single, and celibate, with the church's support (Harper, 2013). As Harper says, "The church developed the radical notion of individual freedom centered around a libertarian paradigm of complete sexual agency." Many widows and single women were choosing not to marry, were staying celibate, and were encouraging other women to follow.

Harper, Kyle (2013). From Shame to Sin: The Christian Transformation of Sexual Morality in Late Antiquity.

The author Edwin Arnold, an English poet and journalist, is reasoning against the Hindu Widows' Remarriage Act.

See also "Bindi." A brilliant red dot, represents the opening of the third eye.

The Hindus did not believe in this, but did not prevent it, and it was not until the British obtained control of India that it was finally prohibited.

("Child Widows of India."Daily Eagle, 1895, https://www.ramakrishnavivekananda.info/vivekananda/volume_2/reports_in_american_newspapers/child_widows_of_india.htm.)

This is the common logic. The author is writing against it.

It is an idea that India is so vast a land that it lacks some sort of common sense in law, education, etc. Young and ambitious people in Britain try to establish a well-managed system in India, but it is extremely hard to accomplish. Thus, these people are said to possess "breathless benevolence," but, at the same time, they are likely to fail.

A resounding silence. https://greensdictofslang.com/entry/sqzlh5i

Or saree; it is a women's garment from India.

https://www.oed.com/view/Entry/171038?redirectedFrom=sari#eid

Tamarind is a leguminous tree bearing edible fruit that is indigenous to tropical Africa. The tamarind tree produces pod-like fruit that contains a brown, edible pulp used in cuisines around the world.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tamarind

It is a low, wooden, table-like platform on which people sit, often cross-legged.

https://forum.wordreference.com/threads/urdu-takhtposh.1898330/

Meaning hot or warm.

https://www.oed.com/view/Entry/86407?rskey=n6Ag02&result=1&isAdvanced=false#eid

"Yes" in Hindi.

https://hamariweb.com/dictionaries/yes_hindi-meanings.aspx

Or Sirdar, a leader (often used as a proper name).

https://www.oed.com/view/Entry/180365?redirectedFrom=sardar#eid

A girl or young woman.

https://www.oed.com/view/Entry/105987?redirectedFrom=Lass#eid

A brutal or lawless villain; a violent criminal, a thug. Also in weakened sense: any rough or disreputable person.

https://www.oed.com/view/Entry/168581?rskey=9chHOR&result=1#eid

It's a rural Indian social traditional artifact.

Meaning Rajmohan's tutelary deity.

A window or part of a window set on a hinge so that it opens like a door.

https://www.urdupoint.com/dictionary/roman-urdu-to-english/khirki-roman-urdu-meaning-in-english/14678.html

Leaving the house without having been commanded by Rajmohan.

The young of various wild animals, esp. and now only (chiefly as a literary archaism) of such as the lion, tiger, bear, and wolf, to the young of which the name cub is now usually applied.

https://www.oed.com/view/Entry/228186?rskey=ZARrvL&result=1#eid

Jhamp means a downward vertical or sloping projection hanging below the balcony to provide protection from direct sun or rain.

https://www.lawinsider.com/dictionary/jhamp