33 Matching Annotations
  1. Aug 2025
    1. To study is not to consume ideas, but to create and re-create them.NOTES1 This essay was written in Chile. It served as the introduction to the bibliography which wasproposed to the participants of the National Seminar on Education and Agrarian Reform.2 On “banking education”, see Paulo Freire, Pedagogy of the Oppressed.3 Wright Mills, The Sociological Imagination.

      I personally like the idea of consuming ideas; those ideas can nourish your mind and your soul. Once you have glutted yourself on this smorgasbord of ideas, you can at last begin to create new ideas with confidence of a practiced mind through ingestion and reflection.

    2. t requirespatience and commitment from those who find it problematic.

      Being able to humble and modest about a text is not enough; it also takes perseverance and commitment to see a learning journey through the very end. There will be struggles, but no fruit can truly be savored without the struggle to acquire it.

    3. Modest and critical, weknow that a text can often be beyond our immediate ability to respond because it is achallenge.

      This reminds me of my study of the science of reading. How text levels need to be instructional level and not frustration level. It is always important to challenge yourself when reading, and that is where the tie in for modesty comes into the picture. If we aren't modest about our abilities and our understanding, then we do not take the first step to knowing something truly without the weight of shame anchoring us to the bottom of the ocean floor as our insecurities grind us down into nothingness. It is a pivotal thought to realize that learning should be approached with humility. We are not all knowing and everyone can stand to teach us something if we are modest and willing to learn it.

    4. This dialectic involves the author’s historical-sociological and ideologicalconditioning, which is usually not the same as that of the reader.

      Many intellectuals also have some degree of neurodivergence, and I think that--in addition to historical-sociological and ideological conditioning--there is also a neurochemical or neurological link to inventive and innovative ideas. There must be more at play than these two concepts to create such a wide array of learning experiences and a varied array of individual schema within our society. Think about how varied people are; we find people who are compatible with us, but we rarely ever find someone who is a copy of us due to permutations.

    5. In this way we use what we have already learned in confronting everydayexperience and conversation

      This is referencing schema creation within learners that helps them form new opinions based on prior experience. I wonder if schema creation is not just a sum of prior experiences, but also a conglomeration of genetic factors as well. I would love to see how neurochemistry and genes affect how we learn, and what chemicals develop the feelings we get when we have those a-ha neuron connecting moments.

    6. Studying is, above all, thinkingabout experience, and thinking about experience is the best way to think accurately.

      I recall writing about this earlier before arriving at this part of the text. Learning is an experiential process and more than rote memorization; it is a deep dive into the meaning of an experience and the reflective process of a domino-flick that begins a cascade.

    7. Nonetheless, there is a prerequisite: We must analyze the contentof the passage, keeping in mind what comes before and after it, in order not to betray theauthor’s total thinking.

      Many readers a guilty of skimming and scanning to capture contextual meaning; however, this process often leaves out the words found in between that further enrich contents. It is only through a full, careful reading of a text that we can hope to facilitate a proper discourse about its material.

    8. studying is a difficult task that requires a systematic critical attitude andintellectual discipline acquired only through practice

      Studying is a quest to remember and understand what we read. The real breakthrough in learning is in applying the material to real-world situations. Employers and teachers don't care that you know something like the back of your hand, they care what you do with that information. Regurgitating information because you are well studied is no longer relevant; experiential learning is the future. People don't have fond memories of that time they studied; fond memories derive from beneficial experiences.

    9. abibliography shouldn’t prescribe readings dogmatically; it should offer a challenge to thosereading it.

      The uniqueness of a thought is a beautiful thing. Devotion to a narrative isn't as persuasive and pervasive as an idea that is wholly unique and compelling. As free thinkers, we must challenge our notions of what is true by asking questions (even if those questions sometimes lead us astray). Part of a learning journey is finding your way to another place (Friere's act of becoming), even if you sometimes get lost in the process.)

    10. If a bibliography does not fulfill thispurpose, if it seems to be missing something or does not challenge those who read it, themotive to read it is undermined.

      To truly care about a subject, there has to be a connection that is made between the reader and the author. Without that human connection, there is no motivation to hear what a person has to say. It contributes to their ethos when you feel connected to them.

    11. In compiling any bibliography, there is one intrinsic purpose: focusing orstimulating a desire in a potential reader to learn more.

      Within every learner, at some point, they must face their failings and confront their concept of reality; to truly question who they are and who they want to be. When someone endures this process, they can then achieve anything that they set their mind towards with conviction and zeal.

    1. For apart from inquiry, apart from the praxis, individuals cannot be truly human.

      Digital Media & Learning should invert the weekly rhythm of school so that praxis is not the add-on but the spine. Replacing conventional homework with community praxis blocks embedded in the timetable (regular, protected hours when learners work in the world of self-selected problems with accountable partners). Credit is earned through change logs, witness statements, and public debriefs rather than quizzes. Courses become civic studios: the city is the lab, reflection is the instrument, and transformation is the deliverable. This isn't service learning as charity; it is curriculum as collective action, where "media" includes posters, bylaw drafts, street maps, performances, and policy memos that alter conditions on the ground.

    2. The students, alienated like the slave in the Hegelian dialectic, accept their ignorance as justifying the teachers existence—but, unlike the slave, they never discover that they educate the teacher.

      The classroom must be recast as a guild where novices and masters co-produce their craft, and authority must be demonstrated through responsiveness, not presumed by position. The asymmetry must be broken as roles need to be reversible for a learning exchange to occur.

    3. The outstanding characteristic of this narrative education, then, is the sonority of words, not their transforming power.

      The antidote is a "make-witness-revise" curriculum that privileges deeds over declarations. Weeks are structured around building something that did not exist on Monday, witnessing its effects in a real context by Wednesday, and revising by Friday after a public critique. Talk remains, but as residue of work rather than its substitute: critique circles, exhibition days, and field journaling become the assessment score. Media here are not slides but artifacts and arrangements (gardens, pop-up exhibits, neighborhood wayfinding, micro-museums) that readers can touch and residents can use. In this design, the volume of words matters less than their capacity to tee up a change that can be seen, felt, and contested.

    4. No oppressive order could permit the oppressed to begin to question: Why?

      DML can institutionalize the why. A weekly 'why' ticket asks each learner to pose a question that would change the next module if taken seriously; an orchestration service clusters submissions and spins up mini design sprints to chase the most generative threads. The breakthrough is curricular responsiveness as scale. The course renews itself from the questions of its participants, and questions becomes a practiced habit rather than a sporadic act of courage; building to the collective schema of the participants within the discoursal community.

    5. Knowledge emerges only through invention and re-invention, through the restless, impatient, continuing, hopeful inquiry human beings pursue in the world, with the world, and with each other.

      This is not a poetic aside; it is an architectural requirement. In DML, the syllabus itself should be fork-able: readings, cases, datasets, and media are version-controlled, and learners submit pull requests that change the course canon in real time. The innovation is curricular co-ownership made technical. Student do not merely contribute posts in this context; they merge content into the backbone of the course, building an evidentiary trail that can be studied as a new kind of learning dataset akin to a repository of knowledge.

    6. The more completely they accept the passive role imposed on them, the more they tend simply to adapt to the world as it is and to the fragmented view of reality deposited in them.

      Passivity breeds fragmentation. Design integrative assignments that require connecting and weaving multiple perspectives into a single tapestry of human thought and expression.

    7. In this process, arguments based on "authority" are no longer valid; in order to function, authority must be on the side of freedom, not against it.

      Authority as scaffolding, not silencing. Provide exemplars + criteria, then get out of the way of creativity. To truly pursue education, student must be set on the path of learning as they are guided to their own unique views on topics rather than dragged along that path.

    8. a system which achieves neither true knowledge nor true culture.

      Preservation rhetoric can mask stagnation. Require students to nominate a reading with a justified alternative. Innovation leads to new perspectives and new ways of thinking which can open the door for social and educational enlightenment.

    9. Problem-posing education, as a humanist and liberating praxis, posits as fundamental that the people subjected to domination must fight for their emancipation

      It is the role of those who have intellect to spread that intellect and foster it in future generations. According to Anthropology (the study of humans), we are social creatures; in ages past, we passed down our history orally from generation to generation. With the emergence of the internet and social media, that onus to pass on our wisdom has not changed and it becomes more critical now than ever. If we allow misinformation to creep into the societal consensus for truth, then the disadvantaged will only become more disadvantaged as literacy rate plummet, and access to jobs that are AI-proof evaporate due to demand and more skilled applicants seeking entry. Education and skill are both tools we can use to navigate a highly competitive society and break the damning cycle of oppression.

    10. the banking method directly or indirectly reinforces men's fatalistic perception of their situation,

      Design idea to disrupt fatalism: mastery paths, revision cycles, and public products build efficacy and purpose. The ability to track progress and revise work helps individuals build toward their goals. According to Marzano, goal setting is best practice for K12 students to understand the purpose of the day's lessons. It is my supposition that goal setting would naturally extend to adults; however, this requires further research. Although the supposition seems reasonable since goal setting is that reflective carrot we dangle before ourselves to urge us ever onwards.

    11. Problem-posing education is revolutionary futurity.

      Thinking of life's situations as problems that require a solution fuels innovation within our societal framework and births creativity (Bloom's Revised Pyramid's pinnacle). The ability to think outside of the standard deviation of thoughts further enhances human potential.

    12. Problem-posing education affirms men and women as beings in the process of becoming

      Adult learning identity work: include reflective e-portfolios that show growth over time rather than teaching to criterion-referenced tests. Design and Development (as well as personal growth) is an iterative and lifelong process. If we consider Lean Six Sigma principles, a majority of problems people face in an institution are Process problems, and rarely people problems; therefore, the process of learning aims to eliminate inefficiencies that hold us back from becoming the best people we are capable of being.

    13. authority must be on the side of freedom, not against it.

      Instructor presence should scaffold autonomy (choice boards, contract grading, portfolios) rather than enforce compliance for its own sake.

    14. Liberating education consists in acts of cognition, not transferrals of information.

      Center sense-making. Use simulations and data-driven inquiries instead of information dumps. Memorizing facts only applies to Bloom's Revised Taxonomy's lowest levels of cognition (Remembering and Understanding) rather than more mentally onerous levels like (Analysis and Evaluation).

    15. Problem-posing" education, responding to the essence of consciousness—intentionality—rejects communiques and embodies communication.

      Dialogue as method. Operationalize via protocols (Socratic circles, peer review rubrics) that make turn-taking and questioning explicit.

    16. the interests of the oppressors lie in "changing the consciousness of the oppressed, not the situation which oppresses them"

      Beware trainings that target attitudes while leaving structures intact. Pair mindset work with structural change projects. This also illustrates the struggle we face in Capitalism; the struggle between Wealthy and Impoverished.

    17. knowledge is a gift bestowed by those who consider themselves knowledgeable

      This reminds me of power dynamics in design. Who decides what knowledge counts in curriculum development? As LDT practitioners, we need to ensure co-design with learners and stakeholders so that knowledge emerges collaboratively.

    18. Education thus becomes an act of depositing, in which the students are the depositories and the teacher is the depositor. Instead of communicating, the teacher issues communiques and makes deposits which the students patiently receive, memorize, and repeat.

      The banking model can be critiqued through heutagogy (self-determined learning). This makes me think of how corporate LMS systems often "deposit" compliance modules without engaging learners in authentic practice. How can we shift these designs to be more problem-posing, even within restrictive corporate or K-12 mandates?

    19. Narration (with the teacher as narrator) leads the students to memorize mechanically the narrated content.

      This is analogous to drill-and-kill software in edtech that promotes rote learning. It's a reminder to incorporate Gagne's conditions of learning--especially feedback, practice, application--to present surface-level memorization.

    20. Education is suffering from narration sickness.

      Friere critiques the traditional model where teachers merely deliver information. In instructional design terms, this aligns with transmission-focused pedagogy, which ignores learner agency. As an LDT student, I recognize the parallels modern critiques of lecture-based elearning modules that fail to foster interactivty or meaningful engagement.

    21. The teacher talks about reality as if it were motionless, static, compartmentalized, and predictable. Or else he expounds on a topic completely alien to the existential experience of the students.

      Students need Text-to-Self, Text-to-World, and Text-to-Text connections. I believe that a teacher is not a one-size-fits-all approach to an issue. What we need are AI tools that make the process of differentiation more accessible to a wider audience rather than going off of a direct-instruction model and adding undue stress to teachers who often create static curriculum due to having too many irons in the fire.

    22. His task is to "fill" the students with the contents of his narration— contents which are detached from reality, disconnected from the totality that engendered them and could give them significance. Words are emptied of their concreteness and become a hollow, alienated, and alienating verbosity.

      When you are teaching to an assessment (a classical assessment at that), you lower your standard for the quality of instruction. You teach content in a format that creates a disconnect between modern readers with intrinsic interests through abstract ideas that may not be developmentally appropriate given individual student needs and considerations.