7 Matching Annotations
  1. Mar 2023
    1. My first masters have used me to it, saying that to breakfast made a good memory, and therefore they drank first. I am very well after it, and dine but the better. And Master Tubal, who was the first licenciate at Paris, told me that it was not enough to run apace, but to set forth betimes: so doth not the total welfare of our humanity depend upon perpetual drinking in a ribble rabble, like ducks, but on drinking early in the morning; unde versus, To rise betimes is no good hour, To drink betimes is better sure.”

      Throughout the story of Gargantua and Pantagruel we see the importance of drinking. Gargantuas first words even being "drink, drink, drink". Here Gargantua is explaining to Ponocrates the importance of drinking early in the morning as opposed to doing exercise as the first thing. He says he was told that by drinking first thing before breakfast, you will have an even more memorable breakfast. The author, Rabelais, clearly shows his sense of humor here as well as his love of drinking. "Rabelais, who was a practicing doctor in Lyon, used moderate wine-drinking as a curative means of eliminating diseases of tension, and he believed, also, that laughter—here, no limits were prescribed—had a similar curative effect, on both the soul and the body" (Beaudry).<br /> Beaudry, Pierre. "What Does It Mean To Be Rabelaisian?" The Schiller Institute. Nov. 4, 2000. https://archive.schillerinstitute.com/fid_97-01/004_rabelaisian.html

    1. For this reason is her hair cut, showing that she has lost the honour of virginity and purity.

      Shaving a women's head has been a form of punishment since biblical times. In Medieval Europe it was commonly done as a punishment for adultery, as it is done here to this mans wife. In the Bible it states "For if a woman does not cover her head, she might as well have her hair cut off; but if it is a disgrace for a woman to have her hair cut off or her head shaved, then she should cover her head" (1 Corinthians 11:6, NIV). This basically says that womens heads should be covered and if they are not covered they might as well be shaved bcause in past times, a women with a shaved head was disgraceful. It is probably safe to assume that if Bernage was not told the reasoning behind her shaven head he may have come to a similar conclusion based on the times these stories took place.

      Beevor, Antony. "An ugly carnival'. The Guardian. June 4, 2009. https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2009/jun/05/women-victims-d-day-landings-second-world-war#:~:text=The%20punishment%20of%20shaving%20a,commonly%20a%20punishment%20for%20adultery.

    1. The lords of song

      In modern times most people think of music when they hear the word "song". The term "song" also refers to poetry. In this case "The lords of song" is referring to a group of writers and philosophers. They are not musicians but poetry and music are related to each other. Writer, Melissa Donovan, explains it well when she writes "plenty of excellent works of poetry aren’t especially musical. But musicality is an important aspect of poetry."

      Donovan, Melissa. "Poetry: Making Music With Words." Writing Forward. Sep. 8, 2020. https://www.writingforward.com/poetry-writing/poetry-making-music-with-words

    1. Then Arthur beheld this adventurer before his high daïs, and knightly he greeted him, for fearful was he never. “Sir,” he said, “thou art welcome to this place–lord of this hall am I, and men call me Arthur. Light thee down, and tarry awhile, and what thy will is, that shall we learn after.

      Arthur does not know the Green Knights intentions yet he still invites him to join him and his knights in their hall. This can be seen as an act of chivalry and shows how Arthur still follows the rules of chivalry as a king and a knight. It could also be a way to gain the upperhand in case the Green Knight did mean harm. According to an article on the Arthurian Code of Chivalry, one should never turn his back on an enemy. While King Arthur may be treating the knight as a guest, he is not unaware of the Green Knights potential.

      Howells, Caleb. What is the arthurian code of chivalry? MythBank. Nov. 25, 2020. https://mythbank.com/what-is-the-arthurian-code-of-chivalry/

  2. Feb 2023
    1. Yukta

      Yukta (Yook-tah, https://www.howtopronounce.com/yukta), according to an article in the Pioneer, "refers to a great soul who has achieved a bond with God...". This term is used more than once throughout the Bhagavad Gita. Practicing Yukta, or "Yukta behavior" as this article suggests, is important to Lord Krishna to "reduce suffering in life".

      Bishnoi, Ajit. "Yukta Behavior." The Pioneer, 20 Feb.2022, https://www.dailypioneer.com/2022/sunday-edition/yukta-behaviour.html#:~:text=Yukta%20refers%20to%20a%20great,one%20verse%20alone%20(6.17).

    1. sirrah

      In Ancient Greece, the word "Sirrah" was an insult to a man, usually used in anger. https://greek.english-dictionary.help/english-to-greek-meaning-sirrah Lysistrata uses it here to talk down to the magistrate. By calling him this she is letting him know that she veiws him as inferior. One can also find use of this word in some of Shakespeares plays.

      Crystal, David. Crystal, Ben. Shakespeare's Words, 2022, https://www.shakespeareswords.com/Public/Glossary.aspx?id=4523.