phone message response times with anxiety anddepression, discovering that a delay in normal response times oftenindicated mental stress

States are responsible for having an accountability plan and specifying the accountability measures that they and their school districts will follow

the Supreme Court affirmed that a teacher has First Amendment rights and provided teachers a degree of protection for in-class curricular speech.

Code of Ethics that binds its members together through shared values and purpose.

children in Educare live in high-poverty neighborhoods and in families with serious disadvantages, and children from those backgrounds are statistically more likely to be significantly behind their peers,

but it was easy to see how the few minor choices Stephanie had made — keeping her voice low, redirecting Julianna’s attention, being firm about rules but expressing sympathy for Julianna’s feelings — had helped Julianna remain stable and relatively stress-free

The children whose parents were counseled to play more with them did better, throughout childhood, on tests of IQ, aggressive behavior, and self-control.

studies have found little or no positive effect (or even a negative effect) of universal pre-K programs on the skills of well-off children.

researchers have found that neglect can do more long-term harm to a child than physical abuse.

strong correlation between the number of categories of trauma each patient had endured as a child and the likelihood that he or she had been afflicted by a variety of medical conditions as an adult

Research has shown that when parents behave harshly or unpredictably — especially at moments when their children are upset — the children are less likely over time to develop the ability to manage strong emotions

Infants make a sound or look at an object — that’s the serve — and parents return the serve by sharing the child’s attention and responding to his babbles and cries with gestures,

The first and most essential environment where children develop their emotional and psychological and cognitive capacities is the home

Poor children, on average, eat less nutritious food than well-off children, and they get worse medical care.

Some schools have developed comprehensive approaches to teaching character strengths, and in classrooms across the country, teachers are talking to their students more than ever about qualities like grit and perseverance.

On the federal level, children’s education in their earliest years is the province of the Department of Health and Human Services, which runs Head Start and other early-childhood programs through its Administration for Children and Families

over the past 30 years, from a 90-point gap (on an 800-point scale) in the 1980s to a 125-point gap today.