12 Matching Annotations
  1. Last 7 days
    1. At least initially, competition among Europeans ensured that Native American leaders could negotiate reasonable prices for their goods. Furthermore, their important role in the lucrative fur trade protected them for a time from the kind of extermination, enslavement, or displacement that was the fate of native peoples in Portuguese Brazil.

      I think it's crazy to think that even this long ago Native Americans were seen more as a resource then as people, as their value in the fur trade was seen as the main reason that they were not exterminated or enslaved like other native people.

    2. China’s role in the silver trade is a useful reminder of Asian centrality in the world economy of the early modern era. Its large and prosperous population, increasingly operating within a silver-based economy, fueled global commerce, vastly increasing the quantity of goods exchanged and the geographic range of world trade.

      It is very impressive to me that China has been such a world power for how long they have been. They were one of the first real world powers to ever exist and even to this day they are seen as a top world power along with the United States.

    3. The Spanish were the first to challenge Portugal’s position as they established themselves on what became the Philippine Islands, named after the Spanish king Philip II. There they found an archipelago of islands, thousands of them, occupied by culturally diverse peoples and organized in small and highly competitive chiefdoms.

      I never knew that the Philippines were named after the Spanish King Philip II and that it was made up of thousands of islands, I thought it was a lot smaller than that. However I did know of its importance to the Spanish as it was one of the territories fought over during the Spanish American War.

    4. For many centuries, Eastern goods had trickled into the Mediterranean through the Middle East from the Indian Ocean commercial network. From the viewpoint of an increasingly dynamic Europe, several major problems accompanied this pattern of trade

      Looking at this now, I can't help but think of how it could've been very inefficient to rely on goods from trade that would take this long to obtain. Getting to the Mediterranean Sea from the Indian Ocean at this time would have taken an extremely long time as it would require going all the way around the African continent, and it would take a very long time to get to the bottom of the continent from both sides.

  2. Feb 2026
    1. When applied to the affairs of human society, scientific ways of thinking challenged ancient social hierarchies and political systems and played a role in the revolutionary upheavals of the modern era.

      I've never really considered how the cultural changes that came from the Scientific Revolution actually could've potentially led to difference in class such as hierarchies and political systems. I've only really thought of it as a cultural change and never really considered how the changes in culture can impact government decisions.

    2. Common African forms of religious revelation — divination, dream interpretation, visions, spirit possession — found a place in the Africanized versions of Christianity that emerged in the New World.

      I think it's interesting that Africa had a lot of strong Christian empires in ancient times, I always have viewed Africa as a continent that has been a predominantly Islamic continent with many different countries so the idea of unified Christian empires is fascinating to me.

    3. Europeans saw their political and military success as a demonstration of the power of the Christian God.

      Even though I am religious and Christian, I think it's interesting to learn throughout history how Christian beliefs have impacted the way that empires view everything that they are doing, even if it maybe morally wrong. God says not to kill, but here their success in wars shows them how powerful their God is.

    4. In 1500, the world of Christendom stretched from the Iberian Peninsula in the west to Russia in the east, with small and beleaguered communities of various kinds in Egypt, Ethiopia, southern India, and Central Asia.

      I think it's fascinating to see how Christianity was able to spread so fast from the Middle East all the way to Europe and Asia and how long it was able to retain it's power in those areas.

  3. Jan 2026
    1. At the bottom of Mexican and Peruvian colonial societies were the indigenous peoples, known to Europeans as “Indians.”

      It is shocking to me that even this long ago that Indians were seen as people in the bottom class, especially considering that they largely remained in the bottom even after the United States became a country.

    2. But it also reminds us that human activity — the importation of deadly diseases to the Americas, in this case — also helped shape the climate, and that this has been true long before our current climate crisis.

      It will be interesting to see how the future is impacted by the changes in the climate that is currently obviously a problem but has not yet had massive impacts like other climate issues in the past.

    3. European innovations in mapmaking, navigation, sailing techniques, and ship design — building on earlier models from the Mediterranean, Indian Ocean, and Chinese regions — likewise enabled Europeans to penetrate the Atlantic Ocean.

      One of the earliest themes that I have discovered early on in this course is the power behind mapmakers and how important mapmaking was throughout history.

    4. Indeed, empire building has been largely discredited during the twentieth and twenty-first centuries, and “imperialist” has become a term of insult rather than a source of pride.

      I have always found it interesting that historians tend to praise some leaders of the older empires such as Alexander the Great or Julius Cesar, but don't feel nearly as fond about recent leaders who have attempted to create an empire such as Hirohito or others who have attempted to do so.