20 Matching Annotations
  1. Oct 2023
    1. The subject-aux inversion can also happen in a when using negation or to express surprise or shock about a situation or a fact. There are expressions when placed at the beginning of a sentence that require the subject-aux inversion (Brinton & Brinton 233). Expressions that begin with a negative like:

      Subject–auxiliary inversion involves placing the subject after a auxiliary verb,But why is this nesscasry?

    2. One of the situations where Subject-Aux Inversion happens is in one of the two main types of questions in English, so-called ‘yes-no’ questions, that is, questions for which the answer is expected to be ‘yes’ or ‘no’.

      Why is that something that effect the subject-aux?

    1. In (3), both of the bracketed pieces are complete sentences and main clauses on their own, but the coordinator rule, which takes two of the same category and makes them into one, means that they can go together as one main clause (and in writing, one complete sentence

      Compound sentences are sentences that have two (or three) independent clauses which are joined by conjunctions like or, nor, yet, so

    2. In this chapter, we will examine subordinate clauses and where they are used in syntax, along with specific subcategories of subordinate clause: relative clauses and finite vs. nonfinite clauses.

      Does that mean that a clause that cannot stand alone as a complete sentence;?

    1. One way to save this phrase for a traditional definition of prepositions would be to assume that from behind is a complex preposition. In other words, that a two-word sequence has become fossilized and functions as a single unit.

      Why does a prepositions be assume to that from behind is a complex preposition?

    2. The fact that it can appear after the direct object demonstrates that. But we still must be able to distinguish verbs with particles from free combinations of verbs and prepositional phrases.

      A preposition can't be used as a noun. Some prepositions have second jobs as nouns. Which means that it is a different word with the same spelling.

    1. As the parallel structure makes clear, one doesn’t just substitute for worker. It replaces diligent worker, even though that unit passes none of our tests for phrase-hood. In short, diligent worker is a grammatical constituent&mdah;it behaves as a single unit—but it is not a phrase.

      Constituents are often moved as units, and the constituent can be the domain of agreement.

    2. This behavior is regular enough among groups of nouns that we can say that there are subtypes of nouns. We can explain the behavior of the nouns above by introducing two subdivisions: proper vs. common nouns, and count vs. non-count nouns.

      Nouns differ as to what other words can occur in the same noun phrase. nouns have different restrictions on what determiners they can take and on whether or not they can be made plural.

    1. The NP that receives the direct object is called the indirect object. It gets this name because it is presumed to be less directly affected by the verb than the direct object.

      A direct object is the person or thing that directly receives the action or effect of the verb.

    2. For this reason, these phrases are not called objects but subject complements, because they complete (complement) the meaning of the subject.

      Only the entire verb phrase does the predication. these phrases are not called objects but subject complements, because they complete meaning of the subject.

    1. Another understanding of the sentence commonly found in traditional grammars defines a sentence to be a group of words that expresses a complete thought. Like the notional definitions of parts of speech, though, this leaves much to be desired.

      Each part of speech explains not what the word is, but how the word is used. In fact, the same word can be a noun in one sentence and a verb or adjective in the next.

  2. Sep 2023
    1. This definition of tense is narrower than the one typically given in schoolbooks. Note in particular that while pointing to a time is the primary function of tense, it is not the only function.

      the three tenses used the most often are the simple present, the simple past, and the present perfect

    2. After all, one of the reason that languages are different is because they follow different sets of rules. There is nothing logically necessary about dividing time up into past, present, and future, and even given a three-fold distinction, there is no logical requirement that each distinction must be expressed through tense.

      When writing in tense would the subject tone also be apart of why there is no future tense.Would you say that we can't write in an event where we can fortell what's going to happen

    1. : the category of the head word plays an important role in determining where in the sentence the phrase can go, as well as a variety of grammatical rules such as agreement between subject and verb.

      Depending on the verb a singular or plural verb to match a collective noun depends on if these nouns are acting as a unit, use a singular verb.

    1. These are special because they do not have any other inflectional forms, like other verbs (and auxiliaries) do.

      So would you say that modal verbs are words that point out what auxiliaries are and how to identify them?

    2. It is true that “parts of speech” is misleading if we take the expression literally, as components of language. Clearly, there are many more parts to language than word categories. On the other hand, “part of speech”, as a term of art, differs little in its basic meaning from category.

      Would you say this is where most people learned what is wrong from what is right,when it comes to using certain phrases in the English language? Because this statement gives off a term of what to do in a certain phrase of a situation

    1. The forty-four English sounds are thus divided into two distinct categories: consonants and vowels. A consonant gives off a basic speech sound in which the airflow is cut off or restrained in some way—when a sound is produced.

      Consonants means a basic speech sound in which can be combined with a vowel to form a syllable vowel means a speech sound which is produced by comparatively.Both are similar but are used in a specific way

    2. Syntax and phonology are both structural components of language, but it is common to think of them as parallel levels of structure that do not often interact. What they both address at their core is the structure of the language, but we could consider morphology (described in the next section) to mediate between the two.

      If they are similar concept what makes one different than the other and hows do they relate to how you use them in a sentence?

    1. The consequences of these clashing assumptions are nowhere more stark than in the confusion over the term grammar, which has various, somewhat conflicting meanings depending on who uses the term. Grammar, at its core, refers to the rules of language.

      This statement makes me wonder if there is a write way to understand terms with grammar

    1. It soon became obvious that large portions of this material were only marginally relevant to what these teachers would soon be doing in the classroom, and even where the material was applicable, its formal linguistic trappings made it hard for the students to see how they could use this knowledge in their own classrooms.

      Since there was an observation that learning this way affected people outside the classroom,how does this book play way more different than the others?