The most elegant solution to this is to say, well, this isn’t the real structure–instead, our model works on something we’ll call deep structure–a version of certain sentences that we propose exists before things move around and we get to the surface structure, which is the version we say or hear. So we need some rules for movement!
What about if surface structure is replaced with the deep structure?
WH-movement (for content questions and certain embedded clauses)
I remember that Who and where are interchangeable especially when fronting the subject.
They can also function as adjuncts and modifiers as well in a number of constructions that includes, subject, extraposed subject, extraposed object, internal comp of verb, comp of preposition, adjunct in clause, comp of noun, modifier in NP, comp of adjective and indirect comp.
How can they affect other phrases if the modifier is not in the front of the sentence?
First, subordinate clauses (like NPs and VPs) can sometimes have a specifier, which is in this case a subordinator (like who, which, that, because, since, if, whether).
This example is helpful because specifiers can sometimes be confusing.
Like all other phrases, the adverb phrase is named after its head, which must be a single adverb. In addition to the head, the adverb phrase can contain modifiers before the head (in this case, usually additional AdvPs) and, rarely, complements (usually PPs).
with this, does this share the same sentiment as the other phrases?
Adjective phrases (AdjP) are phrases headed by adjectives, as the name implies.
An example of this can be "The white snow is beautiful."
Modifier is a general term for optional elements in a phrase that add descriptive information about the head word.
The head word also can be referred to the head modifier in the sentence.
Determiners are extremely common in noun phrases. You will encounter a great many noun phrases that contain them.
An example of this is "This apple is really delicious".
Some other verbs can be followed by a noun phrase, but this NP bears a different relationship to the subject.
Does the verb depends its standing in the sentence?
Although verbs differ in what complements they license, there are a relatively small number of patterns that occur very frequently. We can, therefore, group verbs into subtypes based on what complements they license. The following patterns are essential to recognize.
How many times in a sentence can the patterns show up in a sentence?
One final note on phrases: in ordinary, non-technical usage, the word phrase means “more than one word.
This makes sense because there are many other phrases like noun and verb phrases
Viewed this way, even the most elaborate sentence can always be broken down into a handful of relatively simple patterns that repeat over and over.
This is true like how a sentence can have numerous nouns our verbs in phrases.
Another construction which has to do with aspect (rather than mood or tense) is the perfect, sometimes called the complex past tense. This form pairs the auxiliary verb ‘have’ with another verb or auxiliary in the preterite.
This is a bit confusing. Pretty much is it describing how an the verb is done to finish the sentence?
Main and Aux verbs (except modals) come in different forms depending on how they’re used.
This can be confusing because certain words like Be" can be challenging.
When English was first subjected to grammatical analysis, Latin was the language of educated Europeans, and it was presumed to represent an ideal, logical grammar.
Through the years of English it has formed into an established language spoken by billions across the globe.
They can express relations in real space or time (before, after, to, from, in, out, over, under) or more metaphorical relationships between words (of, for).
Other prepositions are "next to", "behind", and "on".
Speech on the other hand is understood to take more than one person because we need at least two people to hold a conversation; therefore, speech is dependent on another person.
Does talking to yourself and answering not count as communication?
A greater range of expression is available when using speech because you can use the tone of your voice to express how you feel when you talk about a certain topic.
This is key to express emotions or annunciation when communicating. Without using tones, languages would die out and become a thing of the past.
And if speakers of a language need a particular concept often enough, they will create a word to express it, either by relying on native word-creation processes or by borrowing the term from another language.
This is true especially in modern English. As an example is a word that can be described that was borrowed is Guerrilla.
A common way that linguists determine whether something is descriptively grammatical is simply by asking a native speaker if the utterance sounds right or not.
This makes sense because when someone speaks a verbal language, the way how they describe and form sentences together portraits how well the dialect in a language is.