lower species richnes

Estuaries

Estuaries

eastern Australi

salinity

warming

acidification

acidification

warming

estuaries

rapid climate change

eastern Australia

estuaries

climate change

ocean temperatures

Estuaries

acidifying

arewarming

ustralian estuaries

salinity

pH

oftemperature

Australia

increased air temperature

warming of estuaries

southern Australia

Australia

altering climate conditions

eastern Australia

southern estuarie

alinityincrease

Increases in salinity

evaporation35

greater salinity

lower salinity

eastern Australia

Estuaries

estuarine acidification

seagrasses

estuarine acidification

degree of warming

Seagrass

increased pH

temperature increased

temperatures

estuaries

estuaries

seagrasses

Seagrasses

increase pH

acidified

Estuaries

seagrass

acidification

Neuse River estuary

acidification

pHdeclines

pH

climate change

lessseagrass

air temperatures

estuaries

pH change

pCO2changes

pHchanges

pH

temperature

pH increase

temperature

pH

pH decreased by 0.5 units

tem-perature

heatquickly

significant warming

temperatures

estuaries

temperature

estuaries

ocean temperature

estuaries

large riverine estuaries

surface temperatures have increased by ~1 °C

alinitydecreased

pH decreased by ~0.5 pH

emperature increased

Australian estuaries

less saline

Change in salinity

salinity

Estuaries

seagrass

acidified

estuaries

seagrass

pHsteadily declined

decrease in pH

pH

acidifying

acidifying

estuaries

pH

Estuary

warming

estuary

estuaries

temperature

estuary

temperature

temperature increasing

Temperature

pH

temperature

estuaries

salinity

pH

temperature

limaticwarming

estuaries

estuaries

estuaries

Aus-tralia

Estuaries

estuaries

South-eastern Australia

Australia

Estuaries

Eastern Australia

Estuaries

North America

Estuaries

global climate change

estuaries

salinity

estuaries

coral reefs

calcification

calcification

reef

Reefs

reefs

ocean acidifica-tion

calcifica-tion

calcification

coral reefs

reefs

reefs

decreasing seawater pH

reefs

calcification

ocean acidification

corallimorpharians

temperature increases

ocean acidification

ocean acidification

Australia

coral reefs

coral reef;

bleaching

corals

coral reefs

ocean acidification

mangrove

owered pH levels

pH changes

ocean acidification

algae

algae

ocean acidification

Lomentaria articulata

Gracilaria

Porphyra yezoensis

Elevated CO2

coralline algae

seagrasses

elevated-CO2

ocean acidification

Seagrasses

ocean acidification

reefs

soft corals

elevated-CO2

ocean acidification

echinoderms

echi-noderms,

ocean acidification

echinoderms

echinoderms

corallivorous crown-of-thorns starfish

echinoderms

coral reefs

Ocean acidification

Mollusks

benthic foraminifera

hypoxia

elevated tempera-tures

foraminifera

benthic fora-minifera

ocean acidification

ocean acidification

benthic foraminifera