An adequate life provided for all living beings is something the planet can still do; it has sufficient resources, and the sun provides enough energy.
Being possible and being worth the people in power do doing it is a different story. The world has a multitude of resources and a multitude of people unwilling to help or sacrifice for others.
the government was first trying to make its citizens happy, but this backfired.
This looks like a theme in some dystopia's I've seen. A plan someone though was great that backfired and went left fast.
This period we are entering could become the sixth mass extinction event in Earth’s history, and the first caused by human activity.
This would be the first time humans are actually at fault and could be a great use of the dystopian genre. We often don't really understand the impact we have until someone points it out directly and with a scary twist.
fear as a cultural dominant. A realistic portrayal of a future that might really happen isn’t really part of the project
The exploration of fear rather than logical progressions of the future does make sense. The What if? in the fear is more important that logging events that may happen.
Together the two views combine and pop into a vision of History, extending magically into the future.
The two together do create a history that make the world suitable for the future that is launched into the exaggerated dystopia.
utopias express our social hopes, dystopias our social fears
This is interesting. I typically feel like dystopias are hopes that go wrong in the light of others being too forceful. However they are fears as well. They are the fears of what could happen if you go to far and indulge too far.
The passions that incline men to peace are •fear of death,•desire for things that are necessary for comfortable living,and a •hope to obtain these by hard work.
These are scary passions however succumbing to them forces other men to face them head on.
Even if there had never been any time at which•individual men were in a state of war one against another,this is how •kings, and persons of sovereign authority relateto one another at all times. Because of their independencefrom one another, they are in continual mutual jealousies
Independence makes someone jealous of another and causes issues. Is is due to not seeing behind what is going on or being done so there is fear?
youarm yourself, and try not to go alone; when going to sleep,you lock your doors; even inside your own house you lockyour chests; and you do all this when you know that thereare laws, and armed public officers of the law, to revengeany harms that are done to you.
This is a good rebuttal to some questions we have addressed about do we need government and if people need to be lead by it. We do not trust anyone so act in a way to protect ourselves at all cost and sometimes that can be extreme.
what constitutes war is not actual fighting but a knowndisposition to fight during a time when there is no assuranceto the contrary.
So to men pick fights when they feel insecure about their abilities in some way...
to raise his value in the eyes of others. Forthose who have disregarded him, he does this by violence;for others, by example.
Pride and position is important to the their status. This seems like a masculine trait more than one of a woman so is this about men and men only not man as in mankind?
he won’t easily believe that many men are as •wise as heis; for he sees his own wisdom close up, and other men’s ata distance.
A person is more inclined to believe a though if they say it to themselves. So hearing their own thoughts so often makes you value and believe your though patterns more than others.
As for •strength of body:the weakest man is strong enough to kill the strongest, eitherby a secret plot or by an alliance with others who are in thesame danger that he is in
This is interesting. It is true that in an area one may lack another may make up for with the current make up of human nature. Brains can beat brawn and the opposite may happen as well.
ero craves heroic death, advertised as the best reward for aheroic life
This is sad to actively promote death as the greatest accomplishment of life. You become committed to finding the best way to end your life or others.
wealth and force of theirenemies.
Its easier to not like people who are in a better situation and emotion is easily swayed when there is an idea of success so it seems to be built on jealousy and overconfidence.
isagreement as a way to improve knowledge
I agree with this. Questioning allows deeper understanding for both the person asking and the person coming up with an answer. Not being able to questions shows that something won't be able to be answered or is not fully understood.
Truth has been alreadyspelled out once and for all, and we can only keep interpreting its obscure message
If the message keeps getting interpreted doesn't that mean that everyone believes a different truth
Fascism became an all-purpose term because one can eliminate from a fascist regime oneor more features, and it will still be recognizable as fascist
Fascism, like may other concepts is seen in many states. They are contradictory and similar at the same time and all coexist under the same umbrella.
under the standard of a "social" republic
Definition: A socialist republic is a country that uses a republic form or government and an economy bases on socialism.
Nazism had a theory ofracism and of the Aryan chosen people,
The one race was chosen by a group and everyone just accepted it and went with it. It is interesting how someone can claim a group as a chosen race and go extremally far on a fake notion.
The memory of thoseterrible years should be repressed
The repression of any history is alarming. It can't be forgotten so being the understood action is interesting
Peace gave me a curious sensation. I had beentold that permanent warfare was the normal condition for a young Italian.
Peace is not something that is truly known with the climate of many countries. It has been the consistent image to be at constant or threatening warfare.
my whole childhood had been marked by the great historicspeeches of Mussolini, whose most significant passages we memorized in school.
This is similar to us studying speeches in school. Speechs are often labeled as the main part of a change in the atmposphere of a situation. Ex. MLK I have a dream and Abe Lincoln with slavery
We shall never completely master nature; and our bodily organism, itself a part of that nature,
This is true. Humans cannot control the acts of nature and our bodies are included in that. We must accept not being able to change these things and it can become a strong form of unhappiness
Even when they belong to oppressed groups, people's group identifications are often important to them, and they often feel a special affinity for others in their group. I believe that group differe
humans naturally want to belong and be liked so it being a priority is not surprising, and when you have been through something with a certain group of people those are the only people who have a clear idea of your struggles and feelings
a consensus is emerging that many different groups must be said to be oppressed in our society, and that no single form of oppression can be assigned causal or moral primacy
Different individuals are oppressed in different ways and it is difficult to point out when something is oppression due to the wide variety of instances that are labeled by the word
. While we find the term used of�en in the diverse philosophical literature spawned by radical social movements in the United States, we find little direct discussion of the meaning of the concept as used by these movements.
We know that the actions are right and fueled by hate in these movements but I believe that the author is stating that we tend to fight for a general idea not a defined concept of what oppression.