traitor
a person who betrays a friend, country, principle, etc.
traitor
a person who betrays a friend, country, principle, etc.
And on the ground, which is my mother’s gate, I knock with my staff early, aye, and late, 445 And cry: ‘O my dear mother, let me in! Lo, how I’m wasted, flesh and blood and skin! Alas! When shall my bones come to their rest?
death
grisly
causing horror or disgust.
Together did these three their pledges plight To live and die, each of them for the other,
pledged their honor
dignity
the state or quality of being worthy of honor or respect.
comrades
a companion who shares one's activities or is a fellow member of an organization.
oaths
a solemn promise, often invoking a divine witness, regarding one's future action or behavior.
And by the blood of Christ that’s now at Hales, Seven is my chance, and yours is five and trey!”
possess some of Christ's blood.
King Demetrius
demetrius I, called Poliorcetes, son of Antigonus I Monophthalmus and Stratonice, was a Macedonian nobleman, military leader, and finally king of Macedon. He belonged to the Antigonid dynasty and was its first member to rule Macedonia
Corinth,
Corinth is the successor to an ancient city, and is a former municipality in Corinthia, Peloponnese, which is located in south-central Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform, it has been part of the municipality of Corinth, of which it is the seat and a municipal unit. It is the capital of Corinthia.
repute
the opinion generally held of someone or something; the state of being generally regarded in a particular way.
suffice
be enough or adequate.
conqueror
a person who conquers a place or people.
omnipotent
having unlimited power; able to do anything.
Bordeaux
Bordeaux, hub of the famed wine-growing region, is a port city on the Garonne River in southwestern France. It’s known for its Gothic Cathédrale Saint-André, 18th- to 19th-century mansions and notable art museums such as the Musée des Beaux-Arts de Bordeaux. Public gardens line the curving river quays. The grand Place de la Bourse, centered on the Three Graces fountain, overlooks the Miroir d’Eau reflecting pool.
You fall down just as if you were stuck swine; Your tongue is loose,
He states here that drunk folks have no or care shame
echerous
having or showing excessive or offensive sexual desire.
dross,
something regarded as worthless; rubbish.
superfluity.
an unnecessarily or excessively large amount or number of something.
Alas
an expression of grief, pity, or concern.
woe
great sorrow or distress.
Seneca
Lucius Annaeus Seneca, also known as Seneca the Younger, was a Roman Stoic philosopher, statesman, dramatist, and—in one work—satirist from the Silver Age of Latin literature. Seneca was born in Corduba in Hispania, and raised in Rome, where he was trained in rhetoric and philosophy.
Lo, how the drunken Lot unnaturally 200 Lay with his daughters two, unknowingly; So drunk he was he knew not what he wrought
two sins in one
gluttony
Gluttony means over-indulgence and over-consumption of food, drink, or wealth items, particularly as status symbols. In Christianity, it is considered a sin if the excessive desire for food causes it to be withheld from the needy. Some Christian denominations consider gluttony one of the seven deadly sin
sacrifice
an act of slaughtering an animal or person or surrendering a possession as an offering to God or to a divine or supernatural figure.
The Pardoner’s Tale
"The Pardoner's Tale" is one of The Canterbury Tales by Geoffrey Chaucer. In the order of the Tales, it comes after The Physician's Tale and before The Shipman's Tale; it is prompted by the Host's desire to hear something positive after that depressing tale
For I will preach and beg in sundry lands; I will not work and labour with my hands,
He doesn't want to subject himself to the lower class of work, because he knows he can get by just fine
cupiditas.’
Radix malorum est cupiditas is a Biblical quotation in Latin that means "greed is the root of evil". This Latin phrase is a translation of the original Greek manuscripts of the Bible.
covetousness.
covetous, greedy, acquisitive, grasping, avaricious mean having or showing a strong desire for especially material possessions. covetous implies inordinate desire often for another's possessions.
avarice
extreme greed for wealth or material gain.
stretch
to extend in length was told to stretch the leg muscles before running. to enlarge or distend especially by force. intransitive verb. to become extended in length or breadth. to extend one's body or limbs.
cuckold,
a man whose wife is sexually unfaithful, often regarded as an object of derision.
mitten,
a glove with two sections, one for the thumb and the other for all four fingers.
Though he may know the truth of all her lust,
the truth of her infidelity
And, good sirs, it’s a cure for jealousy; For though a man be fallen in jealous rage,
thought this was funny.
ox
An ox (plural oxen), also known as a bullock in Australia and India, is a bovine trained as a draft animal. Oxen are commonly castrated adult male cattle; castration makes the animals easier to control. Cows (adult females) or bulls (intact males) may also be used in some areas
stung
past and past participle of sting.
crystal-stones
Crystal healing is a pseudoscientific alternative medicine technique that uses semiprecious stones and crystals such as quartz, amethyst or opals. Adherents of the technique claim that these have healing powers, although there is no scientific basis for this claim
marvelling
be filled with wonder or astonishment.
cardinal,
Cardinals represent devotion, loving relationships, courtship, and monogamy above everything else in the Native American lore, while some tribes thought cardinals to be the harbinger of rain, other tribes, like the southeastern tribe, associated good fortune and sun with them.
‘Radix malorum est cupiditas.
“greed is the root of all evil.”
“Dear lords,” said he, “in churches, when I preach, I am at pains that all shall hear my speech,
to me Iooks like he is confessing
odious
extremely unpleasant; repulsive.
dawn
the first appearance of light in the sky before sunrise.
pence
plural form of penny.
mortal
(of a living human being, often in contrast to a divine being) subject to death.
opine,
hold and state as one's opinion.
beshrew
invoke evil upon; curse; blame for a misfortune.
purvey
provide or supply (food, drink, or other goods) as one's business.
faery.
imaginary; mythical.
beshrew
make wicked; deprave.
This is a long preamble to a tale!
agreed
philtre,
a drink supposed to arouse love and desire for a particular person in the drinker; a love potion.
Ovid’s Art
Roman poet known for his explorations of love, especially the Art of Love (c. 1 bc) and Metamorphoses
Jovinian;
Jovinian, was an opponent of Christian asceticism in the 4th century and was condemned as a heretic at synods convened in Rome under Pope Siricius and in Milan by St Ambrose in 393. Our information about him is derived principally from the work of St. Jerome in two books, Adversus Jovinianum
furiously
in an extremely angry manner.
haw
the red fruit of the hawthorn.
Alison.
Alyson or Allyson is a unisex given name in English-speaking countries. It was originally a medieval French nickname for Alis, an old form of Alice derived with the suffix -on or -son sometimes used in the former French nicknames such as Jeanson ("little Jean") or Pierson ("little Pierre")
fantasy
the faculty or activity of imagining things, especially things that are impossible or improbable.
sparingly
in a restricted or infrequent manner; in small quantities.
And now of my fifth husband will I tell. 510 God grant his soul may never get to Hell! And yet he was to me most brutal, too; My ribs yet feel as they were black and blue, And ever shall, until my dying day. But in our bed he was so fresh and gay,
Passion is often a part of the cycle of abuse.
Darius
is a male given name. Etymologically it is the English transliteration of the Persian name Dariush, meaning "he possesses" or "rich and kingly". The name also has another meaning: "He who holds firm to good."
sung
past participle of sing.
purgatory,
(in Roman Catholic doctrine) a place or state of suffering inhabited by the souls of sinners who are expiating their sins before going to heaven.
pith;
spongy white tissue lining the rind of an orange, lemon, and other citrus fruits.
arewell
used to express good wishes on parting.
liquorish
a sweet, chewy, aromatic black substance made by evaporation from the juice of a root and used as a candy and in medicine.
jolly as a pie.
simile
paramour
a lover, especially the illicit partner of a married person.
reveller
a person who is enjoying themselves in a lively and noisy way.
And have a sweetly scrupulous tenderness, Since you so preach of old Job’s patience,
In the bible Job had extreme patience and continued to be good and kind while his life was destroyed
scowled
frown in an angry or bad-tempered way.
Omnipotent
(of a deity) having unlimited power; able to do anything.
spinning
the action or process of converting fibers into thread or yarn.
mirth
amusement, especially as expressed in laughter.
Yet tickled this the heart of him, for he Deemed it was love produced such jealousy. I swore that all my walking out at night Was but to spy on girls he kept outright;
Little does he know, she's much more clever than he and uses this excuse to cover for her sexual prowess.
tilt
move or cause to move into a sloping position.
charge
demand (an amount) as a price from someone for a service rendered or goods supplied.
censure
express severe disapproval of (someone or something), especially in a formal statement.
Rogue
a dishonest or unprincipled man.
Argus,
a long-tailed pheasant with generally brown plumage, found in Southeast Asia and Indonesia.
Sir Ancient Fool, what ails you with your spies? Though you pray Argus, with his hundred eyes,
she is mocking those past thoughts
You said this, too, that I was like a cat; 355 For if one care to singe a cat’s furred skin, Then would the cat remain the house within;
Simlie. Basically mocking the idea that if you give women a little attention
garmented
adj dressed or clothed especially in fine attire; often used in combination. “went about oddly garmented” Synonyms: appareled, attired, dressed, garbed, habilimented, robed clad, clothed. wearing or provided with clothing; sometimes used in combination.
niggard
a stingy or ungenerous person.
dotard,
an old person, especially one who has become physically weak or whose mental faculties have declined.
Dan Ptolemy
Ptolemy was an astronomer and mathematician. He believed that the Earth was the center of the Universe. The word for earth in Greek is geo, so we call this idea a "geocentric" theory.
A wise wife, if she knows what’s for her good, Will swear the crow is mad, and in this mood Call up for witness to it her own maid; 240 But hear me now, for this is what I said.
witness to vouch for your lies.
hearken
Hearken means to listen.
Welaway
used to express sorrow or lamentation.
They all loved me so well, by God above, I never did set value on their love!
Three were good men and two were bad-
For my intention’s only but to play.
she was a player
pique.
a feeling of irritation or resentment resulting from a slight, especially to one's pride.
Ptolemy
Claudius Ptolemy was a Greek mathematician, astronomer, geographer and astrologer. He lived in the city of Alexandria in the Roman province of Egypt under the rule of the Roman Empire, had a Latin name, cited Greek philosophers, and used Babylonian observations and Babylonian lunar theory
broach.
raise (a sensitive or difficult subject) for discussion.
To all the acts and harvests of marriage
her youth
Bade not each separate man he should go sell 115 All that he had and give it to the poor And follow him in such wise going before. He spoke to those that would live perfectly
Basically she is saying no one is perfect.
continence
the ability to control movements of the bowels and bladder.
body and ghost,
refers to soul here
bigamy.
the act of going through a marriage ceremony while already married to another person.
frailty.
the condition of being weak and delicate.
The dart is set up for virginity; Catch it who can; who runs best let us see.
The virginity race isn’t for everyone
hat God has ever by His express word Marriage forbidden? Pray you, now, tell me. Or where commanded he virginity? I read as well as you no doubt have read
Does the laws at the time define sexual impurity, because the ideas one has on what is pure or impure will change throughout time and societal views.
To wed, in God’s name, where it pleases me. He says that to be wedded is no sin; Better to marry than to burn within. What care I though folk speak reproachfully 60 Of wicked Lamech and his bigamy? I know well Abraham was holy man, And Jacob, too, as far as know I can; And each of them had spouses more than two; And many another holy man also.
Now to the unmarried and the widows I say: It is good for them to stay unmarried, as I am. But if they cannot control themselves, they should marry, for it is better to marry than to burn with passion. To the married I give this command (not I, but the Lord): A wife must not separate from her husband.
tutoring
act as a tutor to (a single student or a very small group).
Praise be to God that I have wedded five! 45 (Of whom I did pick out and choose the best Both for their nether purse and for their chest Different schools make divers perfect clerks, Different methods learned in sundry works Make the good workman perfect, certainly.
can have multiple wives, then why can she not have multiple husbands?
wedded
get married to.
But well I know and say, and do not lie, God bade us to increase and multiply; That worthy text can I well understand. 30 And well I know he said, too, my husband Should father leave, and mother, and cleave to me; But no specific number mentioned He, Whether of bigamy or octogamy; Why should men speak of it reproachfully?
She believes that God commanded us to go out and multiply
vileynye
wicked or criminal behavior.
Beside a well Lord Jesus, God and man, Spoke in reproving the Samaritan:
Can you analyze the extract from “The Wife of Bath's Prologue” and place it in the context of “The Wife of Bath's Prologue and Tale.” Beside a well Lord Jesus, God and man, Spoke in reproving the Samaritan: 'For thou hast had five husbands,' thus said He, 'And he whom thou hast now to be with thee Is not thine husband.
I never should have married more than once. Lo and behold! What sharp words, for the nonce,
Personal reason underlay the reasoning
auctoritee
legal power or authority.
But someone told me not so long ago 10 That since Our Lord, save once, would never go
she married were worthy men, yet she's married multiple times.
lordynges
sirs, gentlemen, my lords
bliss
perfect happiness; great joy.
tenderly
with gentleness, kindness, and affection.
eschew,
deliberately avoid using; abstain from.
bier
A bier is a stand on which a corpse, coffin, or casket containing a corpse is placed to lie in state or to be carried to the grave. In Christian burial, the bier is often placed in the centre of the nave with candles surrounding it, and remains in place during the funeral
Theseus
Theseus was the mythical king and founder-hero of Athens. Like Perseus, Cadmus, or Heracles, Theseus battled and overcame foes that were identified with an archaic religious and social order. His role in history has been called "a major cultural transition, like the making of the new Olympia by Hercules."
avail
help or benefit.
barricade
Barricade is any object or structure that creates a barrier or obstacle to control, block passage or force the flow of traffic in the desired direction. Adopted as a military term, a barricade denotes any improvised field fortification, such as on city streets during urban warfare
retinues
a group of advisers, assistants, or others accompanying an important person.
palfreys.
a docile horse used for ordinary riding, especially by women.
joust
(of a medieval knight) engage in a sports contest in which two opponents on horseback fight with lances.
strife
angry or bitter disagreement over fundamental issues; conflict.
Twixt
twixt. Use 'twixt in a sentence. preposition. Twixt is defined as a shortened version of saying betwixt, which means between.
Citheron
Cithaeron or Kithairon is a mountain and mountain range about ten miles long, in central Greece. The range is the physical boundary between Boeotia in the north and Attica in the south. It is mainly composed of limestone and rises to 1,409 metres. The north-east side of the range is formed by the mountain Pastra
Jove
Another name for Jupiter.
Vulcanus
god of fire.
sanguine
optimistic or positive, especially in an apparently bad or difficult situation.
glances
take a brief or hurried look.
traces
find or discover by investigation.
griffon
The griffin, griffon, or gryphon is a legendary creature with the body, tail, and back legs of a lion; the head and wings of an eagle; and sometimes an eagle's talons as its front feet
You know right well that every lusty knight Who loves the ladies fair and keeps his might, 1255 Be it in England, aye or otherwhere, Would wish of all things to be present there To fight for some fair lady. Ben’cite! ‘Twould be a pleasant goodly sight to see!
Do all knight portray lust and desire for fair women? and do they all keep their might?
ails
trouble or afflict (someone) in mind or body.
donjon,
A keep is a type of fortified tower built within castles during the Middle Ages by European nobility.
sauntered
walk in a slow, relaxed manner, without hurry or effort.
sluggards
a lazy, sluggish person.
anon,
at once
For ever, without ransom, till they die. And when this worthy duke had all this done
They are stuck in prison until they die.
Minotaur,
In Greek mythology, the Minotaur is a mythical creature portrayed in Classical times with the head and tail of a bull and the body of a man or, as described by Roman poet Ovid, a being "part man and part bull
red Mars,
Mars is more than 142 million miles from the sun. The planet is about one-sixth the size of Earth. Mars is known as the Red Planet. It gets its red color from the iron in its soil.
ween,
be of the opinion; think or suppose.
abode;
a place of residence; a house or home.
ire
anger
iniquity
immoral or grossly unfair behavior.
welaway
Definition of wellaway. archaic. —used to express sorrow or lamentation.
Thebes
Thebes is a city in Boeotia, central Greece. It played an important role in Greek myths, as the site of the stories of Cadmus, Oedipus, Dionysus, Heracles and others
weal
a red, swollen mark left on flesh by a blow or pressure.
But we beseech your aid and pity thus. Have mercy on our woe and our distress. Some drop of pity, of your gentleness
they want his help
conquer
overcome and take control of (a place or people) by use of military force.
The eldest lady of them answered back, 55 After she’d swooned, with cheek so deathly drear
the woman's lifeless face makes her sound insincere
My honour that you thus complain and cry? Or who has wronged you now, or who offended? Come, tell me whether it may be amended; And tell me, why are you clothed thus, in black?”
he is asking the crying women why they are crying
dolorous
feeling or expressing great sorrow or distress.
lamentation
the passionate expression of grief or sorrow; weeping.
clamorous
making a loud and confused noise.
route,
a way or course taken in getting from a starting point to a destination.
Let each man tell his tale, until we learn Which of us all the most deserves to win; So where I stopped, again I’ll now begin.
I think everyone has their own side of the story and each one should say their part
The remnant of the tale is long enough.
refers to a small amount of something remaining
Hippolyta
In Classical Greek mythology, Hippolyta was the Amazonian queen who possessed a magical war belt given to her by her father Ares, the god of war. Hippolyta figures prominently in the myths of both Heracles and Theseus. The myths about her are varied enough that they may therefore be about several different women.
Was gained the realm of Femininity
the new queen changed the kingdom's view of women
Scithia
Scythia was a region of Central Eurasia in classical antiquity, occupied by the Eastern Iranian Scythians, encompassing Central Asia, parts of Eastern Europe east of the Vistula River with the eastern edges of the region vaguely defined by the Greeks
chivalrie
Chivalry, or the chivalric code, is an informal, varying code of conduct developed between 1170 and 1220. It was associated with the medieval Christian institution of knighthood; knights' and gentlemen's behaviours were governed by chivalrous social codes
Once on a time, as old stories tell to us, There was a duke whose name was Theseus: Of Athens he was lord and governor, And in his time was such a conqueror 5 That greater was there not beneath the sun. Very many rich countries had he won; What with his wisdom and his chivalry He gained the realm of Femininity,
A tale set in mythological Greece
oblique
neither parallel nor at a right angle to a specified or implied line; slanting.
bliss
perfect happiness; great joy.
baldric
a belt for a sword or other piece of equipment, worn over one shoulder and reaching down to the opposite hip.
ghostly
of or like a ghost in appearance or sound; eerie and unnatural.
unmannerly
not having or showing good manners.
mightily
to a great or impressive extent; enormously.
drawbridge
uses large-scale AI and machine learning technology to build Identity solutions that connect, unify, & enhance customer data.
astray
away from the correct path or direction.
grey
an intermediate color between black and white. It is a neutral color or achromatic color, meaning literally that it is a color "without color," because it can be composed of black and white.
dared go.
to have the boldness to try; venture; hazard. to meet defiantly; face courageously. to challenge or provoke (a person) into a demonstration of courage; defy: to dare a man to fight.
bowmen
an archer.
delightful
causing delight; charming.
wend
go in a specified direction, typically slowly or by an indirect route.
over-clambered
to climb awkwardly or with effort especially by using both the hands and the feet We clambered over the rocks. They clambered up the hill. Other Words from clamber Synonyms More Example Sentences Learn More about clambe
cuisses,
a piece of armor for the thigh.
a year turns full turn, and yields never a like; the form of its finish foretold full seldom. For this Yuletide passed by, and the year after, and each season slips by pursuing another: after Christmas comes crabbed Lenten time, that forces on flesh fish and food more simple. But then the weather of the world with winter it fights, cold shrinks down, clouds are uplifted, shining sheds the rain in showers full warm, falls upon fair flats, flowers there showing. Both ground and groves green is their dress, birds begin to build and brightly sing they the solace of the soft summer ensuing after on bank;
symbolizes the changes in a man's life.
hewn
chop or cut (something, especially wood or coal) with an axe, pick, or other tool.
Yule
Yule or Yuletide is a festival historically observed by the Germanic peoples. Scholars have connected the original celebrations of Yule to the Wild Hunt, the god Odin, and the pagan Anglo-Saxon Mōdraniht.
each man marvelled what it might mean for a rider and his horse to own such a hue as grew green as the grass and greener it seemed,
Everyone is astonished
thereto
to that or that place.
forelock
a lock of hair growing just above the forehead. the part of the mane of a horse or similar animal, which grows from the poll and hangs down over the forehead.
thereunder
in accordance with the thing mentioned.
garbed
dress in distinctive clothes.
8 And all garbed in green this giant and his gear: a straight coat full tight that stuck to his sides, a magnificent mantle above, masked within with pelts pared pertly, the garment agleam with blithe ermine full bright, and his hood both, that was left from his locks and laid on his shoulders; neat, well-hauled hose of that same green that clung to his calves and sharp spurs under of bright gold, on silk stockings rich-barred, and no shoes under sole where the same rides. And all his vesture verily was bright verdure, both the bars of his belt and other bright stones, that were richly rayed in his bright array about himself and his saddle, on silk work, it were tortuous to tell of these trifles the half, embroidered above with birds and butterflies, with gay gaudy of green, the gold ever inmost. The pendants of his harness, the proud crupper, his bridle and all the metal enamelled was then; the stirrups he stood on stained with the same, and his saddle bows after, and saddle skirts, ever glimmered and glinted all with green stones. The horse he rode on was also of that hue,
Imagery.A lot and lots of imagery going on.
comeliest
involved with others in an illegal activity or wrongdoing.
reckoning
the action or process of calculating or estimating something.
in story staunch and strong,
committed in attitude
And so of earnest adventure I aim to show, that astonishes sight as some men do hold it, an outstanding action of Arthur’s wonders. If you will list to this lay but a little while, I’ll tell it straight, as I in town heard it,
Focus of the story to Arthur.
business that burg
bright
Roman de Brut
The Brut or Roman de Brut by the poet Wace, is a loose and expanded translation in almost 15,000 lines of Norman-French verse of Geoffrey of Monmouth's Latin History of the Kings of Britain
Historia Regum Britanniae
Historia regum Britanniae, originally called De gestis Britonum, is a pseudohistorical account of British history, written around 1136 by Geoffrey of Monmouth
King Arthur
King Arthur was a legendary British leader who, according to medieval histories and romances, led the defence of Britain against Saxon invaders in the late 5th and early 6th centuries
Arthurian tale
The Matter of Britain is the body of Medieval literature and legendary material associated with Great Britain and Brittany, and the legendary kings and heroes associated with it, particularly King Arthur.
chivalrous
(of a man or his behavior) courteous and gallant, especially toward women.
refrained
stop oneself from doing something.
fief.
A fief was the central element of feudalism. It consisted of heritable property or rights granted by an overlord to a vassal who held it in fealty in return for a form of feudal allegiance and service, usually given by the personal ceremonies of homage and fealty.