Virginia, Mariland, Delaware, Pensilvania, New-Jersey, New-York, Connecticut,

highly saleable objects

reedom

protected from the temptations of the world." Beulah was

that he was back in Bethlehem two months later.His reemergence at the Brethren's town in Pennsylvania inmid May

w YorkCity's slaves and some lower-class whites

especially,

ork and then Andreas,

swearing, cursing, lying, prophane talking,drunkenness, drinking of healths, obscene words, incest, sodomy, rapes, whoredom, fornication, andother uncleanness (not to be repeated) all treasons, misprisions, murders, duels, felony, seditions,maims, forcible entries, and other violences, to the persons and estates of the inhabitants within thisprovince; all prizes, stage-plays, cards, dice, May-games, gamesters, masques, revels, bull-battin

the rich, if theybecome poor, may not want

ill designed byits first founders, that, in good hands, would not do well enough; and story tells us, the best, in illones, can do nothing that is great or good; witness the Jewish and Roman state

to terrifyevil doers:

(the best and largest in Europe)

effeminacy

onquer their barbarity than them

s a sort of blasphemie

Between eleven and noon, Tho.Messenger comes in, and brings me the amazing news of my wife'shard time and my son's being still-born.

I was very sorrowfull by rea-son of the unsettledness of my Samuel.Feb. 22 1696. Betty comes into me almost as so

Sixth-day

Mr. Willard, Major [John] Walley, Capt.[Theophilus] Frary and Seth Perry pater [father

conversion

(1641)

fuch a fon Thal be put to death

Genii. is,. 5.

Pagan

he (hall be put to death.

And if they be children, or fervantsthat (hall trefpaffe heerin, if their parents or mafters will not pay the penaltie before ex-preffed, they fhal be openly whipped

unspotted life

wisely aweful, but yet kind

when ten of us shall be able to resist athousand of our enemies; when he shall make us a praise and glory that men shall say ofsucceeding plantations, “the Lord make it like that of New England.”

into two sorts, richand poor

Secondly, in the regenerate, in exercising his graces in them, as in the great ones, their love,mercy, gentleness, temperance etc., in the poor and inferior sort, their faith, patience, obedience,etc.

ath so disposed of the condition of’mankind, as in all times some must be rich, some poor, some high and eminent in power anddignity; others mean and in submission

many Hoursin a Day, as the Husbandmen and Day-laborers inEngland

Sufficient Distinction is also made between the Female-Servants

moderate

it is enacted and declared by this Grand Assembly, and theauhority thereof,

and that if any Christian shall commit fornication with a Negro man orwoman, he or she so offending shall pay double the fines imposed by the former act.

olated and Injured his Maties:

t only without, but against the Consent of the People, for the Raising and Effecting of Civill Warr, and Destructio

Liberties of his Loyall Subjects to the Barbarous Heathen.

d fell in love with the dashing young Captain JohnSmith

and so, in most cases, neither can we

read all these lawes and ordinances

but shall give up an accountof his and their faith, and religion

l be punished with death

No man or woman, (upon paine of death) shall runneaway from the Colonie, to

15 No man of what condition soever shall barter, trucke,or trade with the Indians, except he be thereunto ap-pointed by lawful authority, upon paine of death

s, and for the thirdtime so offending to be punished with death.

woman, maid or India

se any traiterous words against his Maj-esties Person, or royall authority upon paine of deat

upon paine of death

he much marvelled that you would send me a servant to the Company; he saith I had been better knocked on the head. And indeed so I find it now, to my great grief and misery; and [I] saith that if you love me you will redeem me suddenly

For as strong beer in England doth fatten and strengthen them, so water here doth wash and weaken these here [and] only keeps [their] life and soul together.

"old men

eighty-two years, merely three generations

One of these Pontiffs, who succeeded that St. Peter as Lord of the world, in the dignity and seatwhich I have before mentioned, made donation of these isles and Tierra-firme to the aforesaidKing and Queen and to their successors, our lords, with all that there are in these territories, as iscontained in certain writings which passed upon the subject as aforesaid, which you can see ifyou wish

barbarous

m with buffets and beatings

Spaniards have behaved in no other way during tla! past fortyyears, down to the present time, for they are still acting like ravening beasts, killing,terrorizing, afflicting, torturing, and destroying the native people

Spanish Christians whom they serve

This large island was perhaps the mostdensely populated place in the world.

0 our lord, be doubly welcomed on your arrival in this land; you have cometo satisfy your curiosity about your altepetl of Mexico, you have come to sit onyour seat of authority, which I have kept a while for you, where I have been incharge for you, for your agents the [previous] rulers3 . have gone, who for avery short time came to be in charge for you, to govern the altepetl of Mexico. Itis after them that your poor vassal [myself] came. Will they come back to theplace of their absence? If only one of them could see and behold what has nowhappened in my time, what I now see after our lords are gone! For I am not justdreaming, not just sleepwalking, not just seeing it in my sleep. I am not justdreaming that I have seen you; have looked upon your face. For a time I havebeen concerned, looking toward the mysterious place from which you have come,among clouds and mist. It is so that the rulers on departing said that you wouldcome in order to acquaint yourself with your altepetl and sit upon your seat ofauthority. And now it has come true, you have come. Be doubly welcomed, enterthe land, go to enjoy your palace; rest your body. May our lords be arrived in theland

n [Cortes] said in reply to Moteuccoma, "Is it not you? Is it not you then?Moteuccoma?

eir harquebuses. Theyexploded, sputtered, discharged, thundered, disgorged. Smoke spread, it grewdark with smoke, everyplace filled with smoke. The fetid smell made peopledizzy and faint

As for the horrible noise when the lions andtigers roared

wn to multi-coloured littlebirds, and those from which they take the fine green feathers they use in theirfeather-wor

m it was so secret that only some ofhis servants knew of it.

nated with a similar symbol in Mississippiancosmology, which represented the four directions of the earth in harmonywith one another and the upper world. Indeed, it apparently did soon rain.On a more political level, the Casquis surely also knew that honoring an-other people's god could help to seal their friendship

As de Soto probably learned from hisresearch, explorers from Columbus to Cabeza de Vaca had conveyed theperception of supernatural powers in order to instill awe and compliance inpotential allies and rivals.23

winged serpent, signifying the fusing ofthe lower world (the serpent) and the upper (the wings).

With his gifts and friendly words, the chief demonstrated hispeople's benevolence and generosity, while urging war against Pacaha

through a string of interpreters

captured two Indians to ask how far they were fromthe Utiangue chiefdom.

his Mexico or Peru.

e infinitely better than nothing

but negotiating withoutsiders and adapting to changes were not.

r imported stonehoes

When the land became warmer and drierafter about 6000 B.c

e old ways, they initiated a future in which one peoplewould claim exclusive ownership of the mid-continent. After the War of 1812,these settlers came in numbers large enough to overwhelm the region's in-habitants.

ies. The diseases thatstruck the continent in the isoos and continued to hit Indian populations inwaves for the next three centuries transformed the Americas. But Europeansdid not control disease, and it did not doom Indian occupation of the A

nial administrators generally delineated the boundaries of theirempires by referring to the native peoples with whom they had forged al-liances

y a native groundshould in no way imply

Arkansas Valley

e banks of the Mississippi some twenty-five miles northof the mouth of the Arkansas River

This exclusion of "all persons of Japanese ancestry, both alien and non-alien," from the Pacific Coast area ona plea of military necessity in the absence of martial law ought not to be approved. Such exclusion goes over "the very brink of constitutional power," and falls into the ugly abyss of racism.

hat it shall be lawful for the President of the United States, at any time during the continuance of this act, to orderall such aliensas he. shall judge dangerous to the peace and safety of the United States, or shall have reasonable grounds

y." I would argue that immigration in the eighteenth century contributed significantly to this development and

? Must every tender feeling be likewise sacrificed to your avarice?

The Declaration of the People, against Sr: Wm: Berkeley, and Present Governors of Virginia

a good and a faithfull servant

made slaves of them. But it was by policy

in the meantime suffer a whole Continent as fruitfull & convenient for the use of man to lie waste without any improvement?

IN THE NAME OF GOD, AMEN. We, whose names are underwritten, the Loyal Subjects of our dread Sovereign Lord King James, by the Grace of God, of Great Britain, France, and Ireland, King, Defender of the Faith, &c. Having undertaken for the Glory of God, and Advancement of the Christian Faith

they pursued the immediate goal of family-household elfare

or imported slave

But it also altered the immigrants.

how have those debates changed (or not) over time?