Dripirrigation
I saw this type of irrigation in a farm near Alex where they were relying on ground water and afraid of it running out because just recently they had to drill deeper wells to increase the water flow rate that has decreased. However, they told us that this method is more suitable for trees, which are what they actually planting, but other crops like rice needs to be flooded.
usingclimate-responsivebuildingdesignto
This point is actually more related to architecture
BuildingsintheU.S.use73%ofourelectricityandconsume41%ofourenergy
This is part of the Consumerist lifestyle that is taking over life in the USA where for example air conditioning is used for all the buildings the whole year even if there is not an actual need for it.
lifecycle
this means that not only the construction and the using parts that are considered but also the tearing done and recycling parts.
We will foster stronger coordination and cooperation among national, subnational and local governments, including through multilevel consultation mechanisms and by clearly defining the respective competences, tools and resources for each level of government.
Egypt can benefit from this in improving the rare areas in Egypt that would be much better places for living by improving the state of the infrastructure. In general, Egypt's sustainable development 2030 agenda is missing the element of making use of collaboration with other countries that could help us with fund or technology although it is one of the 17th SDGs.
taking into consideration that women and girls, children and youth, and persons in vulnerable situations are often particularly affected
this is another point to be added to Egypt's agenda as the harassments is a very serious problem that is making streets not safe for all of us.
sidewalks
The idea of side walks is starting to disappear from Egypt, especially in Cairo. It is the most walkers repellant ever. creating suitable sidewalks should be added to Egypt's sustainable development 2030 agenda
Waste Generation by Region
it is very clear that waste production is directly related to GDP https://www.worldometers.info/gdp/gdp-by-country/#:~:text=World's%20GDP%20is%20%2480%2C934%2C771%2C028%2C340%20(nominal%2C%202017).
which results in less packaging
packaging is a real problem that products owners and distributers need to be more smart about it. There are products that do not really need to be packaged and they are packaged in plastic for some reason. this is a picture of oranges without peel sold in market packaged in plastic. So nature had its own biodegradable packaging but the store owner who is serving customers who are too lazy to peel an orange had a better idea. https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Flife-style%2Ffood-and-drink%2Fnews%2Fpeeled-oranges-plastic-pulled-whole-foods-after-social-media-outrage-a6911611.html&psig=AOvVaw3m1e3fxYA7ci2zJMN0W1jg&ust=1608141446406000&source=images&cd=vfe&ved=0CAIQjRxqFwoTCLCwvf7I0O0CFQAAAAAdAAAAABAD
provide+ access+ to+ safe,+ affordable,+ accessible+ and+ sustainable+ transport+systems+ for+ all,+ improving+ road+ safety,+ notably+ by+ expanding+ public+ transport,+ with+special+attention+ to+ the+ needs+ of+ those+ in+ vulnerable+ situations,+ women,+ children,+ persons+ with+disabilities+and+older+persons++
Egypt really need to work on this point. The road safety status in Egypt is disastrous.
enhance+international+cooperation+t
this cooperation is stuck at the point of European countries are building research scale energy stations in poor countries like Egypt because they need a sunny place to test their theories and invention but no real cooperation and no knowledge transfer.
values+ of+ peace
The first countries to join the UN were the countries who won the second world war. Reoperations for the countries which were affected in the war without being part of the fighting parties, like Egypt.
formation of methane associated with anaerobic conditions
this is the process of biogas production
thermal treatment
thermal treatment for waste using the pyrolysis method can produce valuable product like some sort of oil that can be used as a fuel.<br> http://www.biogreen-energy.com/what-is-pyrolysis/
Waste is mainly a by-product of consumer-based lifestyles that drive much of the world’s economies.
that is why changing this behavior is facing resistance from multi billion dollars industries.
The most significant technological advance of the past generation has been the very rapid growth and increasing penetration of Information and Communication Technologies
This had a great impact on the consumption pattern in the world.
The slow food movement
This is just brilliant! it is a way to connect people to the food that belong to their culture. By achieving this, the other cuisines that encourage consumption or interfere with their culture.
A number of the countries with the fastest GDP growth since 1980 also experienced rapid growth in energy use.
this is related to the consuming life style of the people in these countries. for example the 24/7 heating system that is working everywhere even if the weather does not require it, but it is now an element in the luxury life they are living.
African soils are nutrient-poor, and fertiliser use is low across the continent compared with other regions. The average use of mineral fertilisers in sub-Saharan Africa does not surpass a very low 6-7 kg of NPK
this is really disappointing since Saharan Africa has a lot of victuals and organic fertilizers should be no problem
low-paid employees, rather than as farmers.
This is just transforming people from poor producers to poor consumers
HIV/AIDS on agriculture.
in the book poor economics HIV was mentioned as one of the major reasons of what is called " poverty trap" in Africa.
Natural gas systems are widely viewed as a crucial ‘bridge’ technology.
natural gas is the main source of electricity production in Egypt since the start of electricity service and till now. https://www.energycharter.org/fileadmin/DocumentsMedia/Occasional/Egypt_and_the_Charter.pdf
Seek developed-country support for the effective transfer of advanced energy technologies, while building the indigenous human and institutional capacity needed to support sustainable energy systems
This is one of the SDGs which is technology transport.
well-suited to small-scale, stand-alone application
There are a of of examples of biogas plants that are domestically installed in various places in Africa. Those plants are mainly based on the domestic organic waste. The result gas is mainly used in cooking and heating. However, by small contribution from the governments or the NGOs, a Rankin cycle could be added to this equation to produce electricity for the basic needs. The following is an interesting paper discussing the feasibility of such power plants in Africa and also an optimization model. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Harro_Von_Blottnitz/publication/222906720_Capacity-cost_and_location-cost_analyses_for_biogas_plants_in_Africa/links/5a1bda52aca272df080f3669/Capacity-cost-and-location-cost-analyses-for-biogas-plants-in-Africa.pdf
dozens of nuclear-powered desalination plants are expected to go online in arab countries over the next 20 years, with saudi arabia alone expected to build up to 16 nuclear desalination facilities by 2030 (Wna, 2013)
This a very bad move. Nuclear power plants are not just heavily polluting it is also a very huge capital cost that could have been invested in a clean technology like solar thermal desalination plants. solar thermal is perfectly suitable for Saudi Arabia's climate. More important, solar thermal is a very safe technology and also it is also a very simple technology compared to nuclear desalination plants. Finally, it is much simpler and efficient to store water (in case of solar thermal). In case of nuclear energy storage is required.
unsustainable consumption and over-extraction of freshwater resources also contribute to water shortages and threaten long-term sustainable development
This is probably caused by lack of data. you can not extract the right amount with the right rate if you do not know how much ground water you have.
population is increasing, there exists insatiable demand for raw materials
actually the major population increase happened in the least consuming zone which is Africa. https://www.prb.org/21stcenturywilltransformworldpopulation/
Biodiversity reduced in this process when existing organisms in the habitat are displaced or destroyed
this is usually done by humans like what happened with the panda bear and the bamboo forests.
Biodiversity generally tends to cluster in hotspots
This is because the heavy rains and hot climate form forests that allow a lot of species to find a place to live and food to eat.
heating, cooling,
adopting building designs that depend on natural sources for heating and cooling. This includes benefiting from the sun in heating and from the wind in cooling.
Reduce underlying demand for goods and ser-vices that require energy
USA has made huge campaigns for decades to encourage people to consume more and now the whole world is suffering because of this.
The United States is responsible for about half of the human-produced CO2 emissions already in the atmosphere and currently accounts for roughly 20% of global CO2 emissions
USA also has a lot of factories that is heavily polluting outside USA like in China and Korea. That are new emissions that are not counted on USA. For example, Tesla is starting a mega factory for Lithium ion batteries in China. That is a highly polluting industry.
The quality of education is low orknowledge and skills acquired atschool do not match market demand
this is the case in Egypt. For example, Egypt is not considered an industrial country however, we have huge number of engineering graduates every year. In some countries there are alternative programs that focus in a specific industry only. Egypt can benefit from such programs to focus on the industries that actually exist in Egypt like cement industry.
The highest incidence of poverty isobserved in Sub-Saharan Africa
Egypt should had have a role in solving this problem to protect the Nile source and its Southern borders. In this case a problem like the one with Ethiopia would have been much better. We do not have money to donate but we are historically skilled in agriculture we could transfer our knowledge in it. Also, we have large number of educated young people that could be sent their to teach kids. This could be done as a part of the public service program that all graduates do.
For example, EastAsia (including China),
this is probably related to the type of economic development. If it is based, like in China's case, on real projects that is providing real job opportunities with good salaries and other social and medical benefits this has to be reflected as reduction in poverty.
Workers in informal employment, among whom young people, persons with disa-bilities, migrants, women and other disadvantaged groups are overrepresented, are insufficiently covered by social protection, or not covered at all. In fact, lack of social protection coverage is often used as a criterion for identifying informal employment (Gatti and others, 2014). Employment-based contributory schemes, in particular, cover mainly workers in formal employment and therefore leave a significant proportion of the labour force unprotected.
better treatment for migrants will improve their work condition and make it harder for business owners to use them
school enrolment
the problem with such projects is that it promote for its ideas with the same western mindset. Let's talk to people and raise awareness etc. The fact is people are not admitting their kids to schools because they cannot. They need their kids to help them in farms and so on. A more reasonable solution is giving them practical reason for sending their kids to school. For example, there is a project have been done in Cameron where schools are held at night. You need your kids in the morning to work in the farms? very well let's teach them at night. That is the kind of solutions that are really sustainable because it is adapting with the environment it is created in. Not trying to change people's life style that really suits their environment and society and economic state. Another good example is what the food bank has done in Egypt. They are providing kids in poor areas with a meal at school. You send your kid to school? we are saving you a meal you do not have to buy for him.
Cabo Verde
I googled it ! :)) It is a small island in the Atlantic ocean called the green head. The official language is Portuguese. The population is around half a million.
the continent accounts for only 0.95 per cent of confirmed cases, and 0.49 per cent of reported COVID-19 related deaths
They just do not have money to do the COVID19 tests like PCR. They are not the least affected they just do not know how affected are they. Even countries like Egypt who is in a better place regarding the tests they do not want to report the actual numbers to the WHO because ,as mentioned in the report, its economy is depending on exporting goods and tourism and they want things to get back to normal as soon as possible.
print money
does not this just increase the inflation in the local market?
Most notably, the ability to work remotely has become vital to ensure business continuity.
In Egypt almost everyone is hating the experience because of the internet speed. You can not rely on something if you do not trust it. You do not want to have an exam for example and having the internet cutting the half of your time disconnecting and reconnecting That is why most of places is back to normal work conditions. So, this is something totally depending on the country's infrastructure.
The COVID-19 crisis demonstrates that the economic health and the public health of a country are inextricably linked and mutually reinforcing.
you needed a pandemic to learn this?!
hospitality
how is hospitality demand is collapsing during a pandemic?!
its first quarter of negative growth in more than four decades.
It is interesting how it had the smaller GDP shrink when it has the most restricted lockdown
Declining growth and rising poverty during the crisis and recovery period will likely increase income and wealth inequality, undermine social cohe-sion, and breed further discontent and instability around the world.
I think the solution here is really clear. To protect their money, lives, and business those who have billions should continue paying thousands and even hundreds to avoid the social gap that will cause bigger disasters. I am not creating a new idea here this is what is called "social solidarity" and it is a very old concept.
Well-lit, well-heated, and well-cooled
well, better building deigns would safe us the trouble of doing any of that and we also get to keep our energy for more important things.
ump ground- water
solar pumping systems are being great alternative now.
evelop- ing agrofuels could also lead to higher global food prices (and thus reduced access to affordable food by the poor) as well as to competition between agrofuels and food crops over scarce agricultural land, water and energy for agrofuels production.
this is just not true, unless you are using olive oil to power a generator! Most of those technologies are based on agricultural waste. Like if you need too make biodiesel from sugar can you only need the bagasse. So, our sugar can juice is safe here :))
modern
describing energy with modern does not make any sense
Achieve+universal+health+coverage
we saw during the COVID 19 crisis that even USA who gone through many aggressions to other countries just for its resources and after all of this it can not provide health coverage for all its people. This make me doubt that what is suggested here is even doable, not because lack of resources but because who can simply do not care.
+But+the+progress+has+been+uneven,+particularly+in+Africa,
we should question this point why does Africa contains the least developed countries? Does it have more problems than the other "hundreds of millions" that passed this hard phase? Did it receive enough help? Is there some higher power benefiting from it being less developed and supporting the continuity of this situation? Does suffering from years of colonization affecting its development process?
We firstly should question what kind of authority they have over and governmental or private entities and whether they have a say in reforming policies.
eradicating is a really strong word for poverty which is, in its general definition, something that no economical system ever promised that it can be ended forever no matter how hard we tried. What we can secure is a minimum living level for every one that is satisfying the basic needs and preserving people's humanity. From this point I already find it hard to take this report seriously!
all countries that have transitioned from poverty to prosperity have also undergone rapid urbanization
urbanization is a really loose word. Does the writer means adopting more industrial activities? Mimicking the big cities' life style?