Enclosure movement

• What was currently commons land -- a place were small farmer and sheep holders could do their thing thx to gov allotted area, became a place that can only be used if bought.

Why Britain ate in industrialization 1st place

• seaways

• raw material imports, export finished goods

• mineral resources (coalll)

• capital (British capitalists had accumulated wealth from colonies- and timber- as well as trans-Atlantic slave trade)

• lots of rivers

• strong fleets (best commercial and defensive-- used to bring agricultural products and they made them ready for consumers.)

• protection of private property

• improved, efficient agriculture= more food, less farmer = more people = enclosure movement = small farmers move to city= more work force for the industries

Interchangeable Parts in Industry

Eli Whitney

• made interchangeable parts for guns in U.S. military

• other industries copied his idea into their machine design

Effect

• specialization of labor

Henry Ford

• 20 century (early) saw his use of assembly line to make his T models. (This was a furthering of labor specialization.)

Textile industry to the factories

Causes by: technology

spinning Jenny

• James Hargreabes

• weaver can thread more than one thread at a time

water frame

• Richard Arkwright

• water power moved spinning wheel (way faster than humans)

• lArkwright now the father of \(factory system\)

origin of cottage industry

• maritime empires and commercial revolution led to Indian cotton imports

• before people spun their own fabric

• Indian import came in after than the other spun

• to compete with Indian cotton, Britain used slave labor in Americas to make thread and export it

• Gave women in Britain some little power because they did their own work weaving, how ever it's slow so the y need new technologies

potato= European and Western world calorie hero (it kept them well fed)

• brought from South America thanks to yours truly Columbian exchange

1. agricultural revolution

2. more food= more people

3. improvment in medicine

4. better health= less in fant death- more people

5. growth in work force

6. more people= more factories

7. urbanization

8. more factories= people move into the city from agragrian settings

Manuela Saenz

• Simon's lover

• Few women that enjoyed more freedoms (women unable to vote and enter contracts)

• She rose to colonel and saved Bolivar's life once

Bolivar Revolution Aftermath

caudillos: local leaders with regional power. Made by armies that became loyal to their general and fought for him.

• caudillos responsible from breaking governments and making them

• either favored in peasants and indifenous or local elites. Mostly, they wanted opposite from representative government and rule of law.

Creole Revolution Aftermath

• Latin American countries independent.

• Slavery abolished

• Still conservative Creoles (as they had been) and government.

• Indigenous can't vote if they can't read or write in Spanish till 1860

Bolivar Revolutions Cause

• Creoles in South America want independence from Spain. They don't want to ally with other races (mestizos, muatos.) They're scared of slave revolt.

Simon Bolivar

• Born in Venezuela to family who had money. (Ancestors were Spanish village aristocrats.)

• Used money to vouch for Enlightment principles and fight.

• Formed what he called Grand Columbia. (This is independent from Spain.)

Jamaica Letter

• How Bolivar wanted America to be.

• Is liberal. Wanted nation like the U.S., abolition of slavery.