31 Matching Annotations
  1. May 2023
    1. As a potential worker in the tech industry, you might someday find yourself in a position where you have influence over how social media platforms are designed, programmed, or operated (e.g., you could be a programmer, or designer, or content moderator). We hope that if you find yourself in one of these positions, you consider the ethics of what you are doing. We hope you could then bring those concerns into how you design and implement automated systems for social media sites.

      If the time does come to where I am in fact a potential tech worker who may have influence over how social media works, I would try my best to considers the harms and benefits of choices and values when designing. There are many flaws with monitoring or how algorithms works in the online world, and I would like to set an example of how we as people of society, can make social media a better, and safer place.

    1. We hope with this you can be a more informed user of social media, better able to participate, protect yourself, and make it a valuable experience for you and others you interact with.

      I can say, that after taking this course and doing all the readings I have been informed and learned many new things including the psychological aspect of social media and how people behave or how information is used in a good or bad way. Sometimes the class felt like a PSYCH class but not in a bad way. It was genuinely interesting to learn these concepts.

    1. A government owns the businesses (sometimes called “government services”)

      When a government owns businesses, it is typically associated with a socialist or state-controlled economic system. In such cases, the businesses are often referred to as "government services" or state-owned enterprises (SOEs). This means that the government has direct ownership and control over the means of production and the provision of certain goods and services.

    2. In what ways do you see capitalism, socialism, and other funding models show up in the country you are from or are living in

      While the U.S. is primarily capitalist, it incorporates elements of socialism in the form of social safety nets. Programs like Social Security, Medicare, and Medicaid provide assistance to vulnerable populations, such as the elderly, disabled, and low-income individuals.

    1. What do you consider to be the most important factors in making an instance of public shaming good (if you think that is possible)?

      Public shaming should adhere to ethical principles, respecting personal privacy and avoiding excessive harm. It should not involve cyberbullying, doxxing, or incitement of violence. A responsible approach would also involve minimizing collateral damage to individuals associated with the shamed person, such as family members or innocent bystanders.

    1. Shame is the feeling that “I am bad,” and the natural response to shame is for the individual to hide, or the community to ostracize the person. Guilt is the feeling that “This specific action I did was bad.” The natural response to feeling guilt is for the guilty person to want to repair the harm of their action.

      Shame and guilt can develop in children through various factors and experiences. Children learn about shame and guilt from their parents, caregivers, and the broader social environment. If they consistently receive criticism, punishment, or harsh judgment, they may internalize a sense of shame or guilt. Children learn by observing their parents' behaviors and reactions. If parents demonstrate healthy expressions of guilt and shame and handle these emotions in constructive ways, children are more likely to develop a healthy understanding and management of these emotions.

    1. Do you believe crowd harassment is ever justified?

      I think crowd harassment could be justified in the sense that there is background context. It might give a good reasoning as to why the crowd was created in the first place. If a general crowd of individuals are sharing a common feeling of hatred or anger towards a person who potentially committed the most unethical and humane action, I think it is fine for the crowd to rally up and bring attention to the situation. I personally would not feel bad if a person who posed as a threat to society received unrelenting harassment.

    1. Social media crowdsoucing can also be used for harassment, which we’ll look at more in the next couple chapters. But for some examples: the case of Justine Sacco involved crowdsourcing to identify and track her flight, and even get a photo of her turning on her phone.

      The example of Justine Sacco highlights how crowdsourcing, when misused, can lead to harmful consequences for individuals. In this case, it involved the invasion of privacy, harassment, and the potential for online vigilantism.

    1. 16.1. Crowdsourcing Definition

      Companies often involve customers and enthusiasts in the product development process. By gathering feedback, ideas, and suggestions from a crowd, organizations can better understand user needs and preferences. For instance, LEGO Ideas allows users to submit their own designs, and if they gather enough support from the community, they can be turned into official LEGO sets.

    1. Do you think there are ways to moderate well that involve less traumatizing of moderators or taking advantage of poor people?

      One approach is to implement policies that prioritize the well-being of moderators. This includes providing them with adequate training, mental health resources, and support systems to manage the emotional toll of moderating harmful content. Social media companies can also rotate moderators frequently to prevent burnout and ensure that they do not become desensitized to traumatic content.

    1. Another concern is for the safety of the users on the social media platform (or at least the users that the platform cares about). Users who don’t feel safe will leave the platform, so social media companies are incentivize to help their users feel safe. So this often means moderation to stop trolling and harassment.

      Social media has revolutionized the way we interact, share information, and stay connected with the world. However, it has also brought along several security concerns that must be addressed. As the number of users on social media platforms continues to grow, the risks associated with privacy breaches, cyberbullying, online harassment, and other online threats have increased significantly. Therefore, it is essential for social media platforms to prioritize the safety and security of their users. This includes implementing strict privacy policies, enhancing data protection measures, and developing advanced security features to prevent online attacks. Social media companies should also educate their users about safe online practices and provide resources to report any inappropriate behavior or content.

    1. While there are healthy ways of sharing difficult emotions and experiences (see the next section), when these difficult emotions and experiences are thrown at unsuspecting and unwilling audiences, that is called trauma dumping.

      This is interesting that this is brought up. I only recently heard of this about 2-3 years ago when TikTok had a huge problem with people trauma dumping on post that had a lighter mood. For example, there could be a warm-hearted post of a daughter and her father spending time with each other, with no hidden meaning. And then, someone in the comments would randomly say how they zero connection with their loved ones.

    2. “Tendency to continue to surf or scroll through bad news, even though that news is saddening, disheartening, or depressing. Many people are finding themselves reading continuously bad news about COVID-19 without the ability to stop or step back.”

      I casually get sucked up into this act of Doom scrolling. Because it take zero effort to actively scroll through your feed, it almost feels like I shut my brain off but I still automatically engage with the media. The worst part is that while I am doom scrolling I tunnel vision all of the unhealthy information I see and my brain seems to become this gray matter that only contains hurtful or unhealth information.

    1. While many people on social media post in hopes of getting attention and even going viral, those who have actually had their content go viral often have mixed feelings about it

      As much as I wish I could make a living on the internet from simply making corny thirst traps, or by posting funny content I always remind myself how mentally draining it must to have your life basically dedicated to the internet or some social media platform. It is terrifying to know that there are +100,000 people who know everything about you. Having that much online attention would be quite overwhelming.

    1. For social media content, replication means that the content (or a copy or modified version) gets seen by more people. Additionally, when a modified version gets distributed, future replications of that version will include the modification (a.k.a., inheritance).

      Usually on TikTok you will see trending memes going around the app. Because the original meme was found funny, people will try to slightly alter or modify the meme to make it even funnier than what it was before. It gains popularity, it spreads, people find it funny, and people want to see more comedic content so they build off of the parent meme.

    1. What experiences do you have of social media sites making particularly good recommendations for you?

      A lot of advertisements I get are for video games that I play or ones that catch my interest. I also occasionally pay attention to how different restaurants are advertised, which is nice because I like food too.

    2. When social media platforms show users a series of posts, updates, friend suggestions, ads, or anything really, they have to use some method of determining which things to show users. The method of determining what is shown to users is called a recommendation algorithm, which is an algorithm (a series of steps or rules, such as in a computer program) that recommends posts for users to see, people for users to follow, ads for users to view, or reminders for users.

      Using recommendation algorithms has both positive and negative aspects. One of the benefits is that apps or websites can use these algorithms to push information that is likely to interest users, thereby enhancing the user experience. On the other hand, this means that companies are also capable of collecting vast amounts of personal user preference data, which could potentially be used for purposes beyond the user's control. It is essential to weigh the pros and cons of using recommendation algorithms to determine whether they align with your goals and values. Additionally, it is crucial to consider the potential ethical implications of using these algorithms and ensure that user privacy is not compromised.

  2. Apr 2023
    1. When designers and programmers don’t think to take into account different groups of people, then they might make designs that don’t work for everyone. This problem often shows up in how designs do or do not work for people with disabilities. But it also shows up in other areas as well. The following tweet has a video of a soap dispenser that apparently was only designed to work for people with light-colored skin

      This statement highlights the importance of considering diverse groups of people when designing products and programming software. When designers and programmers fail to do so, their designs may not work well for everyone, particularly people with disabilities or those from different backgrounds. The tweet featuring a video of a soap dispenser that only appears to work for people with light-colored skin is an example of this problem. It illustrates how a product designed without considering the needs of a diverse group of users can create unintentional barriers for certain individuals.

    1. If an airplane seat was designed with little leg room, assuming people’s legs wouldn’t be too long, then someone who is very tall, or who has difficulty bending their legs would have a disability in that situation.

      I never considered being too tall or too short as a disability. Until I thought of it as a different perspective, it would make sense for tall people to experience different many problems due to living in a world where things are built to fit "average" sized people.

    1. But social media companies often fail at keeping our information secure.

      Social media companies store large amounts of personal data, which can be attractive targets for hackers. If a company's security measures are inadequate, hackers can gain access to sensitive information such as names, email addresses, passwords, and even credit card numbers.

    1. There are many reasons, both good and bad, that we might want to keep information private.

      People may want to keep certain information about themselves private, such as their address, phone number, or personal habits, to protect their privacy. Keeping certain information private can help prevent identity theft, fraud, or other types of security breaches.

    1. Additionally, groups keep trying to re-invent old debunked pseudo-scientific (and racist) methods of judging people based on facial features (size of nose, chin, forehead, etc.), but now using artificial intelligence.

      Using facial features to judge people is a violation of their privacy and can contribute to a culture of surveillance and discrimination. Therefore, it is important to recognize the dangers of resurrecting these old and discredited methods and instead focus on developing ethical and fair AI that does not perpetuate bias or discrimination.

    1. Some data is directly provided to the platform by the users. Platforms may ask users for information like:

      One interesting aspect of social media platforms collecting data directly from users is the potential benefits and drawbacks of this practice. Platforms can use user-provided data to personalize users' experiences by showing them content and ads that are more relevant to their interests. Users may be hesitant to provide personal information to social media platforms, and there is always a risk that their data could be misused or shared with third parties without their consent.

    1. Practical jokes / pranks

      In many cases on the internet, you will see people pull the "It's just a joke" card as a getaway from being held accountable from something that may be very offensive or vulgar. Especially ones with no punchline. In my opinion, the word "Joke" has lost it's meaning, for the reason being that people only use for something to undermine.

    1. Trolling is when an Internet user posts inauthentically (often false, upsetting, or strange) with the goal of causing disruption or provoking an emotional reaction. When the goal is provoking an emotional reaction, it is often for a negative emotion, such as anger or emotional pain. When the goal is disruption, it might be attempting to derail a conversation (e.g., concern trolling), or make a space no longer useful for its original purpose (e.g., joke product reviews), or try to get people to take absurd fake stories seriously.

      An unpopular opinion of mine is that websites and media platforms should enforce much more strict verification. This does not take away the freedom of speech, but rather combats the abuse of getting away with saying harmful things and harassment. A lot of people would be against this but I feel like the power to hide anonymously is a hinderance in keeping regulated platforms a safe space.

    1. Parasocial relationships are when a viewer or follower of a public figure (that is, a celebrity) feel like they know the public figure, and may even feel a sort of friendship with them, but the public figure doesn’t know the viewer at all.

      I see this a lot with big TikTok influencers. Many these influencers post much about their daily lives and treat their post as a personal blog but may not exactly pay much mind to the comments because there are for too many people to interact with at once. The viewers or fans absorb what they see and create a reality of what they know, but don't exactly know the whole person and instead live with the idea of that person.

    1. Inauthentic interaction can even be valuable. We might outright lie to someone to cover our tracks when planning them a surprise party. Once the surprise is revealed, the inauthentic interactions can be retrospectively reinterpreted, and offense is not taken.

      I guess, you could say not revealing harmful information to and individual who may find it offensive valuable. Because our intent is to shield this person from being offended or to not openly say something that would bother them greatly, it may be inauthentic, but it does create a since of intimacy because we are thoughtful of what we say around that person.

    1. While mainstream social media platforms grew in popularity, there was a parallel growth of social media platforms that were based on having “no rules”, and were sources for many memes and pieces of internet culture, as well as hubs of much anti-social behavior (e.g., trolling, harassment, hate-groups, murders, etc.).

      One possible explanation for the emergence of these platforms is the desire for more freedom of expression and a sense of community that may not be present on mainstream social media. However, this lack of regulation can lead to serious consequences such as the spread of hate speech, harassment, and even violent extremism.

    1. One of the early ways of social communication across the internet was with Email, which originated in the 1960s and 1970s. These allowed people to send messages to each other, and look up if any new messages had been sent to them.

      I find it interesting how we transitioned to such different ways of communication compared to back then. Whenever I think of emailing someone, I created this association that E-mail are used for a way of formally communicating with someone related to work or with a corporation. .

    1. Images are created by defining a grid of dots, called pixels. Each pixel has three numbers that define the color (red, green, and blue), and the grid is created as a list (rows) of lists (columns).

      I find it interesting how computers are be able to process and choose the right colors of an image that was uploaded. Would Booleans also play a part in selecting the right color pixel?

    1. The account that posted it: User handle is @dog_rates User name is WeRateDogs® User profile picture is a circular photo of a white dog This user has a blue checkmark The date of the tweet: Feb 10, 2020 The text of the tweet: “This is Woods. He’s here to help with the dishes. Specifically, the pre-rinse, where he licks every item he can. 12/10” The photos in the tweet: Three photos of a puppy on a dishwasher The number of replies: 1,533 The number of retweets: 26.2K The number of likes: 197.8K

      Metadata, in a way, are like the guts of information of Data. It is an informal way of thinking it but I like to imagine it like that to get a broader understanding.