14 Matching Annotations
  1. Last 7 days
    1. English changes through contact with other languages and through several other well-understood avenues of language evolution, such as compounding, adding affixes, functional shift, coinage, and so on.

      English often changes, and is far from a static object. This is one of the main points of the article, if not the main point.

    2. Many communicators mistakenly assume a com- monality of understanding when both speakers use the same English words. We know that even two speakers born to the same language expe- rience only approximate commonality of meaning; yet we routinely forget to compensate for that fact and end up with cases of bypassing. Interna- tionally, the commonality of understanding can be far more sketchy, and the contextual issues much more complex, than most of us realize.

      Simply put, there are multiple variations of English, despite the common belief that there is one overarching shared version.

    3. Take, for example, the word “guest,” which is used in the hospitality industry to mean a paying customer. This sense of the word is not old, and its more widely understood meaning definitely does not include payment,

      Words themselves can often change meaning within a given English.

    4. Even where English is spoken as a first language, purists in grammar and usage find much to offend them. Business per- sons, like many others, tend to take a purist's attitude when they perceive language errors, They are usually not pleased to notice ways in which the English of their younger employees and new hires differs from their own.

      Many people hold bias towards different forms of English, especially newer ones. Perhaps they have had less time to adjust to said newer forms, causing more backlash.

    5. What does “should” mean, in a sentence like “You should arrive by 6 p.m."? Obligation? Moral pressure? Or just likelihood? Our modul aux- iliaries can be baffling.

      Again, the meaning (As well as implication) of words can change between Englishes.

    6. As Englishes evolve, skilled users of each English search for solutions to the problem of using the full richness of the new, evolved English while still keeping their utterances comprehensible to users of other Englishes.

      One should find a way to make their version of English understandable by others, while keeping the intricacies of said English.

    7. About 75 percent of pages on the Web are in English. Machine trans- lation, dependent on embedded rules and algorithms, is rough, some- times so rough as to be laughable, and translation by a skilled transla- tor is costly. Ideally, sellers and buyers on the Web both need English; that both have ii, Jet alone have it Sluently, is not routinely the case.

      The constant changing of English alongside the sheer variety of English types makes machine translation ineffective.

    8. Here are some of the world’s Englishes: Australian English British English Canadian English Caribbean English Hong Kong English

      (Can't annotate between pages.) These listed Englishes are, as mentioned, only some of them. The sheer variety is quite an important factor in this situation, and new Englishes could theoretically be made at any time.

    9. The business public and many educators think of Standard English as “good English” and English that varies from it as “bad English.” U.S. Americans, geographically isolated and rather complacently Anglophone,

      (Quote selected continues until the end of the sentence.) Americans in the United States tend to be unused to other kinds of Englishes, due to their country's position (I say as an American, but also as someone who doesn't talk to people in person often, so I cannot truly input my personal opinion on this here.)

    10. We can standardize only so much. It would be foolish to overemphasize a conservative position. No one would like to be in the position of being the sole remaining speaker of a really, really, really cor- rect English.

      Not only can English change, English WILL change. It will change easily and often. Trying to fight such a tide is pointless in the long run, so it is best to move with it and learn how English changes.

    11. English as a world language, just through use, will probably employ a limited lexicon and fairly uncomplicated grammatical structures,

      Logically speaking, a global language should be relatively simple, albeit complicated enough to convey any ideas or messages one wants to convey.

    12. Seven suggestions will give us at least a start.

      These suggestions reflect my above quote, that English will certainly change. The answer being suggested here overall is to adjust to it, and to teach others how to adjust to it.

    13. The well-known Whorfian hypothesis says that the way people experi- ence, organize, and interpret reality is influenced, to a considerable extent, by the language they speak, that is, by the words and other lan- guage structures they have learned from the culture that has shaped them (Whorf, 1956, p. 213). The language we grow up in shapes our view of things—the way we see the world and think about it. The Whorfian hypothesis may not be entirely supportable, but it’s true-ish.

      The English language (And many others) is(/Are) a complex thing, meaning it would be hard to find many particular words or intonations that prove beyond a doubt that one's language has a major effect on their experience of reality. That is what I have taken from this, but I could be missing something.

    14. Ideally, international business requires “a particularly sophisticated mastery of the subtleties and nuances of the target language.”

      High-stakes situations would indeed require proper communication, as without that, things could go awry quickly.