Also, the Church placed its emphasis on the soul so medical treatment of the body was not valued. In fact, the hospitals of the Medieval Age, usually run by monks, were places to take seriously ill people to either live or die, based upon God's will.

the Muslim world made significant contributions to the field of astronomy.

This process of using the decimal system to generalize arithmetical processes and relationships evolved into what we call algebra today. This type of mathematical reasoning was a departure from mathematical Greek thought (which is geometric). In mathematics, some of the Arabic terms are algorithm, algebra, and arithmetic.

The answer lies in Greece. Ultimately, science derives from the legacy of Greek philosophy. The Egyptians, it is true, developed surveying instruments and conducted certain surgical operations with notable finesse.

These early compasses were used in divination rather than in navigation--"the board was used by geomancers to detect the 'winds and waters of the earth"

Gunpowder and rockets were transferred to Europe in the 13th century although we are not sure by what means the recipe for gunpowder found its way to Europe.

"there were 17 guilds in 1350, 38 guilds by 1450, and over 60 guilds by 1550." In the textile industry, there usually were different guilds for the different steps in the textile manufacturing process: spinners, weavers, fullers, dyers, and wool merchants.

Linen is a particular difficult finished product to manufacture. Linen is derived from flax, a plant that has been cultivated for material since 3000 BC.

Before the clock, people worked, ate, and slept according to the patterns of the sun and moon.