https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xJGdNVAG4gY

La Carmagnole de 1792.

http://chnm.gmu.edu/revolution/d/624 Lyrics and information and sound file

Edith Piaf Le Ca Ira It'll Be Fine French & English Subtitles

The video is of Edith Piaf singing an anthem of the Women's March on Versailles. The Women's March on Versailles, also known as The October March, The October Days, or simply The March on Versailles, was one of the earliest and most significant events of the French Revolution. The march began among women in the marketplaces of Paris who, on the morning of 5 October 1789, were near rioting over the high price and scarcity of bread. (wikipedia)

The song was "set to the music of a ditty Marie Antoinette had often played on her clavichord at Trianon..." (Queen of Fashion, p.256)

Belle Poule was a French frigate of the Dédaigneuse class, which Léon-Michel Guignace built. She is most famous for her duel with the British frigate HMS Arethusa on 17 June 1778, which began the French involvement in the American War of Independence.

from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_frigate_Belle_Poule_(1765)

See Act I Scene Ten in the play where the Dauphin sings revolutionary songs.

Pandora was the name given to dolls which were often used as manikins to illustrate current dress fashions before the advent of fashion magazines and models. Dress makers used the dolls to show the latest fashions of the day and the customer decided which style she wanted and which material. All the necessary undergarments and accessories were shown on the dolls.

http://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O53215/pandora-fashionable-dressed-doll-unknown/

Marie Antoinette's piano by Sébastien Erard is part of the Cobbe Collection Trust.

COIFFURE DE L'INDÉPENDANCE OU LE TRIOMPHE DE LA LIBERTÉ, Anonymous, 1778.  An elaborate hairdo built on scaffolding made from wire, cloth, gauze, horsehair, fake hair, and the women’s real hair. Some poufs boasted a miniature still-life either expressing sentiment (pouf au sentiment) or to commemorate an event (pouf à la circonstance).

http://chnm.gmu.edu/revolution/d/298

One of the chief architects of the Reign of Terror, he was executed July 28,1794.

Soldiers of the Garde nationale of Quimper escorting royalist rebels in Brittany (1792). Painting by Jules Girardet.

Originally called the Garde Bourgeoise or Bourgeois Militia. Lafayette was elected Commander in Chief and it was renamed the National Guard or Garde Nationale.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Guard_(France)

Charles I was King of England, Scotland, and Ireland from March 27, 1625 until his execution in 1649.

Charles I (1600-1649)

Ancient Roman kings. Lucius Tarquinus Superbus, Tarquin the Proud, was overthrown and the monarchy was abolished, leading to the establishment of the Republic.

On August 10,1792 the Tuileries palace was ransacked by an organised mob spurred on by fury at the monarch’s refusal to abstain from using his royal veto, his amassing of troops near Paris, and insecurity caused by Prussian advances on France. The King and Queen were forced to seek refuge in the nearby Manège building that housed the Legislative Assembly.

Charles-Aleandre do Calonne, Count of Hannonville Wikipedia

https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/81105 Basically a robe a l'Anglaise

Empress Maria Theresa Walburga Amalia Christina of Austria

https://www.britannica.com/biography/Maria-Theresa

Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor, 1765-1780

https://www.britannica.com/biography/Joseph-II/

Estampes is a commune in the Gers department in southwest France. The Mayor was killed trying to protect the wheat supplies and Olympe suggested a delegation of women proceed his coffin and that his death be made a national holiday, the Day of the Law. She started a fund and invited the Queen to participate. She visited the Tuileries and threatened to make a scene before the Princess de Lamballe if her request was not passed on. The Queen gave her one thousand and two hundred pounds.

Following that event, the Queen held an enquiry at Olympe's home, hoping to convince her to join the Queen's defenders. Marie Antoinette's endeavor served as the basis for Olympe's play La France Sauvee ou le Tyran Detrone.

Faubourgs were suburbs of Paris that became annexed into the city. The Faubourg Saint-Germain area was where French nobility lived and built urban mansions or hotels including the Hotel de Salm, Hotel Matignon, and Hotel Biron.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UuQqYSG3_XE

Supposed to be Varennes. The royal Flight to Varennes (French: Fuite à Varennes) during the night of 20–21 June 1791 was a significant episode in the French Revolution in which King Louis XVI of France, his queen Marie Antoinette, and their immediate family unsuccessfully attempted to escape from Paris in order to initiate a counter-revolution at the head of loyal troops under royalist officers concentrated at Montmédy near the frontier. They escaped only as far as the small town of Varennes, where they were arrested after having been recognized at their previous stop in Sainte-Menehould (Wikipedia).

On February 28, 1791, hundreds of nobles with concealed weapons, such as daggers, went to the Tuileries Palace in Paris to defend King Louis XVI while Marquis de Lafayette and the National Guard were in Vincennes stopping a riot.

A confrontation between the guards and nobles started as the guards thought the nobles came to take the King away. The nobles were finally ordered to relinquish their weapons by the King and they were forcibly removed from the palace.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Day_of_Daggers

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=laWIjgWDesE

'La Marseillaise" the national anthem of France (text in French and English) which was originally known as "Chant de Guerre Pour l'Armee du Rhin".

Probably referencing Castiglione's The Book of the Courtier. An insider's view of court life and culture during the Renaissance, 'The Book of the Courtier' is the handiwork of a diplomat who was called upon to resolve the differences in a war of etiquette among the Italian nobility. Set in 1507, when Castiglione was an attaché to the Duke of Urbino, the book consists of a series of fictional conversations between members of the Duke's retinue, who discuss the virtues and conduct of the ideal courtier. Translated into many languages after its 1528 publication, it became the ultimate resource on aristocratic manners, offering sixteenth-century readers a manual on how to behave. Today, it remains the most definitive account of life among the Renaissance nobility. https://books.google.com/books/about/The_Book_of_the_Courtier.html?id=1nfOmy-yP-UC

Administrator of the Police

July 13, 1793, Jean Paul Marat, one of the most outspoken leaders of the French Revolution, is stabbed to death in his bath by Charlotte Corday, a Royalist sympathizer https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/charlotte-corday-assassinates-marat

France supported the colonists in their war against England and incurred great debt in the process.

City in Germany; became one of the principle rendezvous points for French emigres. Two of King Louis XVI's younger brothers went there. It is now called Koblentz.

A steep cliff of the southern summit of the Capitoline Hill in Rome. People, particularly traitors, were executed by being thrown off it.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarpeian_Rock

A traitor named Cassius is about to be thrown off the Tarpeian Rock

On June 20, 1792, the mayor allowed a mob to overrun the Tuileries and insult the royal family.

The other feature of the Constitution of 1791 was the revised role of the king. The constitution amended Louis XVI’s title from “King of France” to “King of the French”. This implied that the king’s power emanated from the people and the law, not from divine right or national sovereignty. The king was granted a civil list of 25 million livres, a reduction of around 20 million livres on his spending before the revolution.

https://alphahistory.com/frenchrevolution/constitution-of-1791/

Premiere Division Chief M. de Charton

https://britishlibrary.typepad.co.uk/.a/6a00d8341c464853ef019b01ab8f6a970c-popup?_ga=2.224728158.535181118.1555963444-2114903318.1554411913

http://chnm.gmu.edu/revolution/d/293/