head and tail

less is what's known as a pager. It will display one page of a file at a time and let you scroll up and down through the file at your leisure.

cat has nothing to do with cats. It's short for catenate, and it dumps the contents of text files.

rm

cp

mv

mkdir

.. is a special directory name meaning “the directory containing this one”, or more succinctly, the parent of the current directory

The cd command is akin to double clicking a folder in a graphical interface to get into a folder

pwd shows you where you are

So let’s try our first command, ls which is short for listing. This command will list the contents of the current directory

The shell is a program where users can type commands. With the shell, it’s possible to invoke complicated programs like climate modeling software or simple commands that create an empty directory with only one line of code.

Using a GUI, you would not only be clicking at your desk for several hours, but you could potentially also commit an error in the process of completing this repetitive task. This is where we take advantage of the Unix shell. The Unix shell is both a command-line interface (CLI) and a scripting language, allowing such repetitive tasks to be done automatically and fast.

Phonpack

Nay