When you donotwant any type conversionsto happen, there are two additional operators:===and!==. The first testswhether a value ispreciselyequal to the other, and the second tests whether itis not precisely equal. So"" === falseis false as expected.I recommend using the three-character comparison operators defensively toprevent unexpected type conversions from tripping you up.

He smiles, has fun, explains to the audience what they should have seen, and moves on.

At this point, Apple representatives who had been positioned at the end of each row handed audience members samples of the aluminum frames to pass around. As people touched and examined the frames for themselves, Jobs joked, “We need them back,” eliciting a laugh from the audience. For the next sixty seconds, Jobs did not say a word. He let the product speak for itself.

1) What do you do? (2) What problem do you solve? (3) How are you different? (4) Why should I care?

Apple’s headline was specific, memo-rable, and consistent: “Apple Reinvents the Phone.”

Even journalists who should have built up an immunity to such gravitational forces cannot escape the influence.

here is controversy as to whether matter and energy are ultimately digital or analog in nature,

Elon committed all his cash reserves, took over as CEO,and announced layoffs in October.

Elon pointed out that, in his opinion, the solar industry was focused ontinkering with and improving the panel’s technology, instead of solving theindustry’s biggest challenge: how to get solar on as many roofs as possible.

They figured if you want to be big in business, you better learn from thepeople already running big companies. And so they started by making a listof important people. Scouring the newspaper, they jotted down the names ofbusiness leaders and decision makers. And then they started cold-callingeach and every one to try to set up a lunch, a dinner, a coffee, any face-to-face meeting where they could pick an expert’s brain and learn somethingyou couldn’t get sitting in a lecture hall.They called sports team owners, business reporters, CEOs, and a lot ofbank executives.

t might perhaps be thought that weshould rank them from better to worse, and then opt for the best method. But thatwould be simplistic. Some methods can be used in combination whereas others areexclusive. Even a comparatively insecure method may be advisable if it can easilybe used as an adjunct, whereas a strong method might be unattractive if it wouldpreclude the use of other desirable safeguards.

Another possible capability control method is to limit the system’s intellectualfaculties or its access to information. This might be done by running the AI onhardware that is slow or short on memory. In the case of a boxed system,information inflow could also be restricted.Stunting an AI in these ways would limit its usefulness. The method thus faces adilemma: too little stunting, and the AI might have the wit to figure out some way tomake itself more intelligent (and thence to world domination); too much, and the AIis just another piece of dumb software. A radically stunted AI is certainly safe butdoes not solve the problem of how to achieve a controlled detonation: an intelligenceexplosion would remain possible and would simply be triggered by some othersystem instead, perhaps at a slightly later date.

infrastructureprofusion

Now, one might think that the reasoning described above is so obviousthat no credible project to develop artificial general intelligence could possiblyoverlook it. But one should not be too confident that this is so.

If the takeoff is fast (completed over the course ofhours, days, or weeks) then it is unlikely that two independent projects would betaking off concurrently: almost certainty, the first project would have completed itstakeoff before any other project would have started its own. If the takeoff is slow(stretching over many years or decades) then there could plausibly be multipleprojects undergoing takeoffs concurrently, so that although the projects would by theend of the transition have gained enormously in capability, there would be no time atwhich any project was far enough ahead of the others to give it an overwhelminglead. A takeoff of moderate speed is poised in between, with either condition apossibility: there might or might not be more than one project undergoing thetakeoff at the same time.

Be careful and post smart.

Search Marketing encompasses:SEO: Earning traffic through unpaid or free listingsSEM: Buying traffic through paid search listings

Its enormous potential—Web usage was growing by more than 2,000 percent a year—sparked his entrepreneurial imagination.

you should be wary of any man who is so willing to embrace aphilosophy that has as one of its abstract goals the eventual eliminationof masculinity.

One thing to understand is that “wants” is not what your product does. It‘swhat your customer wants. They don’t want your product or process. Theydon’t want the steps they go through. They want the end result, the bigpayoff, the big enchilada. That’s what they want. They don’t want to putsome dye into their hair that’s going to burn like hell on the scalp. Theywant to have hair that looks beautiful.

In July, the Supreme Court ordered Nixon to turn over the tapes.

There are also special types of corporations.

General Partnership

200,000 varieties of rice within the vault

m

He claimed that the value ofa network equals the square of its users, implying that a network with twiceas many users as a competitor is four times as valuable.

Telephones are a good example of a network. The first pair of phonesused by Alexander Graham Bell and Thomas Watson offered little valuebeyond demonstrating a new technology. But as telephones began toproliferate over the following century, the benefit of having one increasedexponentially as the number of people and companies that could be reachedusing it also grew. The more people who had phones, the more peoplewanted phones

Typically they are traditionalist in ways which benefit women (men pay for dates, pressure to perform is squarely on men) but “progressive” where traditionalism would limit their power (intolerance for female promiscuity, a reluctance to trust women with leadership.)

How do you know the host? This one can be modified to any kind of event. If you are at a party, hopefully you both have the host in common. If you are at a networking or work event, you can modify it to “How long have you been a part of this organization?”

Junius reluctantly renamed the firm J. S. Morgan andCompany

commercial banking (making loans andaccepting deposits) and investment banking (issuing stocks and bonds).

(“We have already investedmillions, we can’t stop now”)

Many believe that a press interview is a marketing speech, to be scriptedword for word.

“King of Pop”

the letter that accompanied Google’s IPO in 2004.

A bias toward data is a great way to kill the death-by-PowerPointsyndrome. How many meetings have you been in where the first dozen orso slides are full of words, and the person stands up there and repeats thewords? People who are presenting a point of view in a meeting shouldn’tneed the crutch of slides to present that argument, only to support it. Slidesshould not be used to run a meeting or argue a point. They should justcontain the data, so that everyone has the same facts. If the data is wrong ornot relevant, you can’t fix it with fancy slides.

The loss of these people can have a big ripple effect, as they often inspiretheir followers to leave too.

Salar helped invent AdWords and spent several yearsin the product organization, but when he was ready to expand hisresponsibilities and become a general manager, we didn’t have a role forhim. So we created one, appointing him the head of YouTube. There arenumerous other cases like this, where smart creatives need or want to dosomething new and the company figures out a way to make it happen.

The bigger the impact, the biggerthe comp.

One of the early engineers atGoogle wanted to bring his ferret to the office. We said yes. He didn’thaggle over salary.

Google hiring packet

Imagine being stuck at an airport for six hours with a colleague;Eric always chooses LAX for maximum discomfort (although Atlanta orLondon will do in a pinch). Would you be able to pass the time in a goodconversation with him? Would it be time well spent, or would you quicklyfind yourself rummaging through your carry-on for your tablet so you canread your latest email or the news or anything to avoid having to talk to thisdull person?

The higher up you go in most organizations, the more detached theexecutives get from the hiring process. The inverse should be true.

Glossary

The Totem Pole Approach: The Ranking of Three Economists (Smith, Keynes, and Marx) According to Economic Freedom and Growth

One day Rikyu was invited to tea by Yamashina Hechigwan, an admirerof the tea ceremony but also a man with a vivid sense of humor. WhenRikyu arrived at Hechigwan’s home, he found the garden gate shut, so heopened it to look for the host. On the other side of the gate he saw thatsomeone had first dug a ditch, then carefully covered it over with canvasand earth. Realizing that Hechigwan had planned a practical joke, heobligingly walked right into the ditch, muddying his clothes in the process.Apparently horrified, Hechigwan came running out, and hurried Rikyuto a bath that for some inexplicable reason stood already prepared. Afterbathing, Rikyu joined Hechigwan in the tea ceremony, which both enjoyedimmensely, sharing a laugh about the accident. Later Sen no Rikyuexplained to a friend that he had heard about Hechigwan’s practical jokebeforehand, “But since it should always be one’s aim to conform to thewishes of one’s host, I fell into the hole knowingly and thus assured thesuccess of the meeting. Tea is by no means mere obsequiousness, but thereis no tea where the host and guest are not in harmony with one another.”

In 1553, at the age of twenty-three, Ivan fell ill. Lying in bed, nearingdeath, he asked the boyars to swear allegiance to his son as the new czar.Some hesitated, some even refused. Then and there Ivan saw he had nopower over the boyars. He recovered from his illness, but he never forgotthe lesson: The boyars were out to destroy him. And indeed in the years tocome, many of the most powerful of them defected to Russia’s mainenemies, Poland and Lithuania, where they plotted their return and theoverthrow of the czar. Even one of Ivan’s closest friends, Prince AndreyKurbski, suddenly turned against him, defecting to Lithuania in 1564, andbecoming the strongest of Ivan’s enemies.

Mao Tse-tung

It is a wise thing to be polite; consequently, it is a stupid thing to be rude. To make enemies byunnecessary and wilful incivility, is just as insane a proceeding as to set your house on fire.

brevity