94 Matching Annotations
  1. Sep 2022
    1. Splenic infarction occurs when the splenic artery or one of its branches are occluded, for example by a blood clot. Although it can occur asymptomatically, the typical symptom is severe pain in the left upper quadrant of the abdomen, sometimes radiating to the left shoulder. Fever and chills develop in some cases.[31] It has to be differentiated from other causes of acute abdomen.

      Definition?

  2. Jun 2022
    1. The most deleterious SC are resistant to apoptosis and have up‐regulation of anti‐apoptotic pathways which defend SC against their own inflammatory senescence‐associated secretory phenotype (SASP), allowing them to survive, despite killing neighbouring cells.

      some explanations of the use of senolytics

  3. Jan 2020
    1. A text file can be created in a few different ways. The simplest being the echo'ing of text and redirecting it in to a file like so:

      Writing a text file - methods

    1. Now I needed to make my way over to

      definition of writing command lines to ~/.R/Makevars

    1. NOTE: For mac users, the official cran mirror of R tools for OS X and R tools for OS X on r.research.att.com that lists the gfortran binary are out of date. You will need to update gfortran and add the following line FLIBS=-L/usr/local/Cellar/gcc/X.Y.Z/lib/gcc/X (where X.Y.Z is your gcc version) to ~/.R/Makevars prior to this package installation.

      Primary instruction

  4. Dec 2019
    1. Theyhave their liberty, and the free lawyers fight for theirrelease from hospitals.

      QUESTION: The tone of the writer is

      1. sarcastic
      2. critical
      3. approving
      4. distasteful
    2. confusion

      the state of being confused

    3. wandering

      遊走

    4. involuntarily

      被動地,不自主地

    5. liberty

      自由

    6. geared toward

      prepared toward, set up for sth.

    7. Look no further

      不需望遠過

    8. provide for

      提供照料

    9. shelter

      居住地點

    10. prescriptions

      藥物

    11. safety net

      安全網 (a set of policies or benefits for the disadvantaged)

    12. psychiatric care

      care for the psychiatric conditions of patients

    13. Mentally Ill

      People who are mentally ill are sufferes of psychiatric (和精神相關的)疾病

    1. acknowledges

      accept/agreee

    2. There is somethingin us that prefers the inventive sinner to the drowsysaint.

      QUESTION: What does the writer try to explain when he mentions this.

    3. deceit achieves an apotheosis

      cheating reaches the highest point

    4. precedent

      前例

    5. in his way,

      blocking the way

    6. ubiquitous

      everywhere

    7. endemic among

      Malaria is endemic in many hot countries

    8. let alone

      枉論 He can't even tell a white lie, let alone cheat

    9. atstake

      at risk

    1. desires regarding their data.

      QUESTION: What are 'their desires regarding their data'.

    2. puts the burden on consumers

      把負擔放在consumers

    3. automatically optedusers out of having their personal information sold.

      QUESTION: What was this second bill intended to do?

    4. defeatedanother bill

      defeat a bill = succesfully fight against a bill

    5. negligent databreaches

      「大意的數據侵犯」

      negligent (adj) not paying attention to details/safety/ others' rights breach (vt) offend, 侵犯 breaches (n)

    6. statutes

      條文

    7. one amendment bill

      QUESTION: What was the amendment bill intended to do?

    8. effectively fought against

      有效地打倒 (ph)

    9. amendments.

      modifications, add-ons. Parliament passed the bill without further amendment.

    10. those efforts

      QUESTION: What are those efforts

    11. advocates

      activists

    12. campaigned tominimize the effects

      = kickstart a campaign, conduct a campaign

    13. inspired

      啟發了 (vt)

    14. The law’spassage

      Remarks: We may say 'a law is passed', 'a law goes into effect'. 'a law is enforced', 'a law is legislated'. We may also say 'a bill is vetoed'.

    15. passage

      passing

    16. evolution

      進化

    17. legislation

      legislation = laws = acts =\= policies

      Legislative Council ~ Congress ~ Parliament ~ Diet

    18. California’s law aimed at helping people control theirpersonal information goes into effect Jan. 1, but theprivacy activist who spearheaded the new rules isalready seeking to strengthen them.

      QUESTION: Has the law gone into effect at the time of the writer's writing? Why or why not?

    19. goes into effect

      生效, = is enforced

    20. Seeks to

      wants to/ would like to

    21. Activist

      倡議者 = supporters of a movement

    1. conform

      There is considerable pressure on teenagers to conform.

    2. clung to

      cling to: 依靠著 = rely on Throughout the trial she had clung to the belief that he was innocent.

    3. reckless

      relentless; He showed a reckless disregard for his own safety.

    4. almost all tweets coming fromhis Democratic antagonists and Republicansupporters read like press releases

      QUESTION: What does the writer want to highlight when he says the tweets from other politicians read like press releases?

    5. easily learned behaviors

      QUESTION: What are the most easily learned behaviours for children

    6. eschews

      avoid Example Sentence: He had eschewed politics in favour of a life practising law. <--> He had avoided politics to pursue a career of law.

    7. prowess

      ability; Example Sentence: He was complimented on his prowess as an oarsman.

      He was praised on his ability as an oarsman.

    8. argue against

      to argue against means to give arguments that dispute that claims of opponents

    9. flummoxed

      confused

    10. entitlements

      welfares

    11. shy away from

      avoid

    12. across-the-board

      all-rounded/ comprehensive

    13. orthodoxy

      QUESTION: What is the meaning of orthodoxy? A. Teachings B. Rules C. Obstinacy (the quality of being inflexible) D. Dogma

    14. this

      QUESTION: What is 'this'?

    15. which rivals have proved incapable ofimitating

      QUESTION: What does the writer mean when he says this.

    16. imitating

      model on sb/sth. (模仿)

    17. incapable

      being able to (adjective)

    18. gets away with

      QUESTION: What is the meaning of 'get away with'?

    19. copy-proof

      QUESTION: What is the meaning of copy proof.

      HINTS: proof: defense. For example, we often have a mathematical proof for a mathematical statement.

    20. candidates

      participants

    21. unique

      characteristic (only one)

    22. sums

      money

    23. tremendous

      immense (adjectives)

    24. original

      原本的, adjectives

    25. Electoralmessages are easy to copy, yet few candidates seemto recognize the threat.

      QUESTION: What does the writer mean he says this.

    1. exacerbating
    2. GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS FOR READING

      1. For each of the passage indicated for reading, summrise the ideas of the first sentence of each paragraph with the help of a dictionary. Note that if you encounter difficulties in understanding definitions provided by the dictionary, you may consult it again for the unfamiliar words in the entry, for up to two times. If understanding is still not possible, you may then consult a English-Chinese dictionary.

      2. Answer the questions for the sentences commented out in yellow in the SAME comment box. You do not need to write your answer in a separate document.

      3. Write down the definitions and example sentences of the words highlighted in pink in a separate comment box.

    3. Pessimismv progress

      Reading 2 for the week of 29th December 2019

      GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS FOR READING

      1. For each of the passage indicated for reading, summrise the ideas of the first sentence of each paragraph with the help of a dictionary. Note that if you encounter difficulties in understanding definitions provided by the dictionary, you may consult it again for the unfamiliar words in the entry, for up to two times. If understanding is still not possible, you may then consult a English-Chinese dictionary.

      2. Answer the questions for the sentences commented out in yellow in the SAME comment box. You do not need to write your answer in a separate document.

      3. Write down the definitions and example sentences of the words highlighted in pink in a separate comment box.

    4. Airbags and other improvements in safety features, for ex-ample, mean that in America deaths in car accidents per billionmiles travelled have fallen from around 240 in the 1920s toaround 12 today.

      QUESTION: What argument is this example supporting?

    5. Technology itself has no agency: it is thechoices people make about it that shape theworld.

      QUESTION: Considering the arguments that are being made here, what do you think is meant by 'agency'?

    6. Except those words arefrom an article published in 1979.

      QUESTION: What case is the write trying to establish when he says 'those words are from an article published in 1979'?

    7. propaganda
    8. The new technologiesthat dominated the past decade seem to be making things worse.

      QUESTION: Give examples of technologies that are making things worse.

    1. GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS FOR READING

      1. For each of the passage indicated for reading, summrise the ideas of the first sentence of each paragraph with the help of a dictionary. Note that if you encounter difficulties in understanding definitions provided by the dictionary, you may consult it again for the unfamiliar words in the entry, for up to two times. If understanding is still not possible, you may then consult a English-Chinese dictionary.

      2. Answer the questions for the sentences commented out in yellow in the SAME comment box. You do not need to write your answer in a separate document.

      3. Write down the definitions and example sentences of the words highlighted in pink in a separate comment box.

    2. A Thank-You Note Helped Me Find My Calling

      GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS FOR READING

      1. For each of the passage indicated for reading, summrise the ideas of the first sentence of each paragraph with the help of a dictionary. Note that if you encounter difficulties in understanding definitions provided by the dictionary, you may consult it again for the unfamiliar words in the entry, for up to two times. If understanding is still not possible, you may then consult a English-Chinese dictionary.

      2. Answer the questions for the sentences commented out in yellow in the SAME comment box. You do not need to write your answer in a separate document.

      3. Write down the definitions and example sentences of the words highlighted in pink in a separate comment box.

    3. We who live in an achievement culture risk forgettingthat our merits derive in no small part from gifts andgraces granted us by others. Sending a thank-younote is an act of not only gratitude but also humility.Merit and meekness meet this time of year around thedinner table, on TV specials—and, for me, in littlepaper promises never to forget what I owe.

      QUESTION: What values is the writer trying to instill in the readers? What do you think about these values?

    4. When I see Shawn, I remind him ofmy gratitude to him and his late father.

      QUESTION: Had Shawn's father died when the writer saw Shawn? Why or why not? Give evidence (Hint: you may use the dictionary)

    5. he usual platitudes about how well-fed we are, howdiverse our patients are, and how expert our expertsare,

      QUESTION: Give examples of the 'usual platitudes' the writer mentioned. Why do you think such platitudes are needed in the context in which the writer was speaking?

    6. residency program

      QUESTION: What is the occupation of the writer, Michael P.H. Stanley?

  5. Feb 2019
    1. So in order to tear down these segregating walls, we needed a legal tool to help implement meaningful integration. This tool needed to make sure white families couldn’t merely move to the other side of a border, or create new borders, to opt out of a social contract with people who are less fortunate.

      Feasibility of enacting such a law aside, what justify the stripping of the rights of these families for free movement?