(especially of a principle, place, or routine) regarded as too important or valuable to be interfered with.

a man who readily or frequently enters into casual sexual relationships with women; a womanizer.

(of a person or their behavior) failing to observe the limits of what is permitted or appropriate.

One famous Lakota society of the nineteenth century was the tokala, or Kit Fox Society. Its members were “Brave young men of good repute.” They were named for the kit fox because they emulated that animal in activity and cunning.

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the state or quality of conforming to conventionally accepted standards of behavior or morals.

a person who tells anecdotes in a skillful and amusing way.

a type of sledge formerly used by North American Indians to carry goods, consisting of two joined poles pulled by a horse or dog.

Pemmican is a mixture of tallow, dried meat and dried berries used as a nutritious food.

lacking a plan, purpose, or enthusiasm.

(of a person) having a round, plump appearance.

pleasant because of a personality, qualities, or interests that are similar to one's own.

an isolated hill with steep sides and a flat top

Summary of chapter 4: BB went back to her tiyospaye. Her cousin Black Eagle is now the head of the tiyospaye. A boy named Little Chief became friends with WL. He was grandma-raised. BB likes the boy so she makes him a moccasin. BE's mother in law is LC's grandma (Gloku). She came over to say thanks for honoring LC and themselves. LC's father is Rainbow. He's a wanderer after his wife died. Gloku wants R to marry BB. G's husband also wants that to happen bc he wants R to stay with the family to take care of the horses. BB's grandma died while going out forgathering wood. R helped out with the funeral. BB was impressed by R's skills and helpfulness. R came by later and told BB he wanted to marry her. BB agreed. R's parents are happy that BB and R are getting married.

distress or embarrassment at having failed or been humiliated.

a close friend or companion.

having developed certain abilities or proclivities at an earlier age than usual.

a claim or assertion of a claim to something. an aspiration or claim to a certain status or quality.

Summary of chapter 1: The camp is on the move. Blue Bird separated from the camp to give birth. Seeing how beautiful the waterlilies are, BB named her child Waterlily. When she got back to the line, she was helped by a social cousin. When the day is dark, the line made a firecamp. BB was advised to stay with the social cousin to get rested and feed the child. Her mother in law agreed, but she's hesitant to talk to her son about BB bc she's afraid of his quick temper and jealousy.

diligent, thorough, and extremely attentive to details. very concerned to avoid doing wrong.

older/ancient

weight loss + insomnia + psychomotor agitation = anxious depression. weight gain + hypersomnia + psychomotor retardation = melancholic depression

not fully developed enough to be included in DSM-5

ego-syntonic

anterior cingulate cortex + amygdala + hippocampus + temporal cortex => problems with following rules + sympathy + judgment + empathy

underlying lack of self-esteem

• eating disorders

fairly prevalent in clinical setting. A lot of attention on why and treatment.

huge field in identifying early pychosis => prevent full-blown schizophrenia Overall easier to treat the schizoid => schizotypal is more motivated to improve relationships

same with schizo

more pervasive.

similar to schizoid but different from schizoid that schizotypal feels lonely and wants relationships with others. They have odd experiences that make it hard to connect with others.

different from paranoid (which wants relationships)

• social kills training (social and interpersonal problem solving skills) => resolve conflicts in adaptive manner

Criteria for Paranoid PD. Under stress => can exhibit brief psychosis (not predominant presentation) can be objective and rational but have labile affects (provoked by other people's behaviors that cause suspicions)

inaccurate but not delusional (unlike schizo). Not so bizzare or not so firmly held as to be out of touch with reality.

"What Doctors Should Ignore" and the study on skin color suggest that although there are variations in traits between different races/populations, these traits also exist in a continuum within a specific race/population. The idea that racial differences can be a major factor in genetics is further challenged in the WDSI article as it states that humans are too young and "promiscuous" a species for true speciation to have occurred. For medicine, it is argued that instead of focusing on differences between races/skin colors, we should tailor treatment to an individual's genotype (personalized medicine).

should we use race to study traits such as intelligence and work ethics and such? This approach is prone to inciting discrimination.

Another GWAS study has also confirmed the association on chromosome 8 in a population of African-American prostate cancer patients. This study consists of mostly white people. Was racial categorization unnecessary for identifying cancer-related alleles?

He argues that this research, which relies on racial self-identification, shows that race is a useful tool for finding causes behind certain traits.

Chromosome 8 has a significant signal for association. One of the genes is Myc, a known proto-oncogen, a gene that can cause unregulated cellular growth when over-expressed.

Admixed: mixing of European and African lineages in the US happened within 15 generations because of the timing of the slave trade in America and recent migration between Europe and the US, so blocks of sequence (biomarkers) still exist. Looking for West African SNPs associated with prostate cancer.

In class 22, the statistics shows that for prostate cancer, there are 178.3 new cases per 100000 persons for blacks, 105.7 new cases per 100000 persons for whites, and 112.6 new cases per 100000 persons on average for all races. These numbers suggest that the differences are relatively minimal, and so the argument that relies on these data is consequently weakened.

In "What Doctors Should Ignore," sickle cell anemia was once considered a "black" disease as an evidence that people of African descent were inferior. It is now known that the sickle cell trait confers advantageous resistance to malaria, as such, race was not a factor that led to the prevalence of the sickle cell trait in some populations. There were many other examples of race being unscientifically linked to genetics that led to unjustified discrimination.

In class, Dr. Gordus said that only a small fraction of human protein families are unique to vertebrates, in fact, two randomly selected human genomes only approximately differ by 1 nucleotide every 1250 nucleotides, which presents a rough estimate of being higher than 99.9% identical.