87 Matching Annotations
  1. May 2025
    1. .

      SUMMARY: I really like this article. Defining something as undefinable as the self is really difficult and hard to wrap your head around, but I feel like the network self really allows for nuance and exceptions that containerizing ones self does not. We truly are made up of every single thought, experience, opinion, event that has happened throughout a lifetime. Imagining the complexity of the web that makes me me is incredibly difficult, and will probably only get more difficult as I continue throughout my life.

    2. Seeing ourselves as a network is a fertile way to understand our complexity.

      and it allows so much nuance in ones own perception of themselves. i really like Wallace's definitions.

    3. A diminished self might still have many of its traits, however that self’s history might be constituted in particular.

      and who they WERE now becomes a point in their perception and awareness of who they ARE and how people perceive who they are.

    4. Each undoubtedly leads to alteration in social traits and depends on extensive support from others to sustain themselves as selves.

      because our perception of the way that we have changed over time is a factor that makes us us as well.

    5. of a self and not, literally, a different self.

      we are always the same self. perhaps this is determined in some way by our biologica traits/tendencies towards different personality traits. then society switches these various traits on or off?

    6. Anchoring and transformation, continuity and liberation, sameness and change: the cumulative network is both-and, not either-or.

      i think this brings up an interesting point about political ideology, although it might be a stretch. ones own personal political ideology doesn't matter. nazi's can call themselves socialists all they like, but they will never be socialists in a real socialists eye no matter how hard they want to say they are. people say "donald trump is too dumb to be a fascist" but regardless he still is because his actions communicate those tendencies regardless of the intention behind them.

    7. Moreover, even if her sibling dies, or her marriage crumbles, sibling and spouse would still be traits of Lindsey’s history – a history that belongs to her and shapes the structure of the cumulative network.

      as we grow and change so do our feelings about our past. they can also diminish or vanish completely or we can feel newly about something we never had before.

    8. the way in which someone is identified by others,

      and people dont like being defined by others. people want to live THEIR truth not somebody elses. perhaps politics attempts to prescribe the way people SHOULD feel about something

    9. She might feel that some of these are not essential to who she really is.

      but the way you feel about being defined in certain ways also makes you who you are. and this changes over lifetimes as well.

    10. whereas being an aunt weakly relevant.

      but in the presence of her niece or nephew the importance of being an aunt becomes stronger. and when hubby is not around, the importance of her being a wife diminishes.

    11. Clusters or sub-networks are not isolated, or self-enclosed hubs, and might regroup as the self develops

      interesting point. because something that you feel heavily impacts your perception of another trait about yourself may end up having no connection later on in life.

    12. Traits can be closely clustered, but they also cross over and intersect with traits in other hubs or clusters.

      with varying strengths and connections that could change on a day to day basis.

    13. unique interrelatedness of its particular relational traits, psychobiological, social, political, cultural, linguistic and physical.

      this is a very complicated web to wrap my head around. but it totally makes sense and thats the point. is that is impossible to truly boil down it down to a few things that make you you.

    14. The point is that who you are is more complex than any one of your identities

      and i think it could possibly be boiled down to how you feel about the traits you ascribe yourself and the traits others ascribe unto you. and how strongly you feel something describes you.

    15. The self also changes over time, acquiring and losing traits in virtue of new social locations and relations, even as it continues as that one self.

      because who you "are" doesn't really change, just your perceptions of events, your past, people, change.

    16. ‘container’, view of the self.

      good. because I think this is limiting. people don't fit into neat little boxes. there's always a contradiction or nuance within the self. so leaving it more open ended makes sense to me. everything makes up the network self.

    17. Communitarian and feminist philosophers argue for relational views that recognise the social embeddedness, relatedness and intersectionality of selves

      but this is the most important aspect i think. who are we if not social creatures?

    18. broader

      because it is kind of reductive to try and force all people into well defined little boxes. removed the humanity and imperfectness from psychological analysis. everything is a grey area.

    19. framework that recognises the complexity and multidimensionality of persons.

      leaves it up to interpretation. and anyone can derive their own meaning of the self based on how strongly they feel the different facets of their perspective affect their personhood.

    20. social and interpersonal relations, cultural backgrounds and personalities

      makes me think about the argument of "man in his natural state" because in this day and age, what are we if not how we come across in society. we're very far removed from nature and even our perception of wat nature might be is influenced by society.

    21. people would regard as central to their self-identity

      i think the societal pressures on the self ARE what makes it. or at least it should be. people SHOULD care more about what others think of them, i think it perpetuates a more caring and conscientious society.

    22. positing the body as a container of psychological functions or the bounded location of bodily functions.

      can one transition between different containers throughout their life? eg different perceptions and identities. isnt it our perception changeable so its somewhat foolish to try and confine ourselves into one limited scope of perception?

    23. is an illustration of the idea that personhood goes with consciousness.

      right, because our perception of things that happen us effect us in specific ways because of our unique life experience.

    24. which are important to how we make choices and how we interact with the world around us

      individual decisions are made based on ones individual perception which comes from all the facets of ones identity?

  2. Apr 2025
    1. National Humanities Center  Second Continental Congress, Declaration of Independence, 1776

      SUMMARY: the colonists desperately wanted a way to control the government. this is obvious. but as America diversified and democracy strengthened, a monarchy was no longer an effective governing tool. A distinct American culture was emerging, that paralleled global antimonarchy sentiment. "The People" were realizing that they were entirely capable of ruling themselves. however, at the time, a monarch was given rule simply because he was there. just because he WAS. is this not the same justification for capitalism? it works because it has structured the global economy, and the global economy structures the world so we need capitalism to make it function. its this kind of self fulfilling prophecy.

    2. He is at this time transporting large Armies offoreign Mercenaries to compleat the works ofdeath, desolation and tyranny, already begun withcircumstances of Cruelty & perfidy [treachery]scarcely paralleled in the most barbarous ages, andtotally unworthy the Head of a civilized nation

      this sentence is interesting because it can be both PRO and ANTI war. the invasion of the middle east by the US could be interpreted as desolation and tyranny so why would we do that? but then it only applies to US citizens? so then are they really inalienable?

    3. He has made Judges dependent on his Will alone,for the tenure of their offices, and the amount andpayment of their salaries

      the colonists desperately wanted to wrestle control from the Kings incompetent hands in any way they could.

    4. , for the solepurpose of fatiguing them into compliance with hismeasures

      this speaks to a much larger social shift in American culture. People no longer believed they NEEDED a king; he was ineffective and so far away. the strength of his imagined rule had diminished, and his only imagination in the eye of the people was one of mistrust and hatred.

    5. The British officials feared large legislative bodies asparochial and democratic, so they sought to restrict theirgrowth

      well of course they did, they believed in the monarchy and divine rule. anything else was inconceivable.

    6. and when so suspended, he has utterlyneglected to attend to them

      people deserve a right to be governed effectively. and what does that mean for incompetence? doctors can be sued for malpractice, regardless of its intention.

    7. The history of the present King of Great Britain is a history of repeatedinjuries and usurpations, all having in direct object the establishment of an absolute Tyranny

      definition of a tyrant? this document as with all political documents are a relic of their time. definitions of tyranny change. i wonder how the founding fathers would view the US today.

    8. Prudence, indeed, will dictate that Governments long established should notbe changed for light and transient causes

      how do you actually define prudence when you get down to it; and to what ends can you change the governemnt.

    9. it becomes necessary for one people to dissolve thepolitical bands

      is it necessary to dissolve our political bands now? they are keeping us separate and fighting amongst ourselves

  3. Mar 2025
    1. Given the centrality of white violence to upholding apartheid, it is important not to pathologize black violence

      right, because it is just a result of a system that is designed to oppress individual groups. Revolution is the language of the oppressed.

    2. Undereducated, unemployed, and otherwise idle, they saw violence as a form of agency.

      white people probably beat the black people as a form of agency. Violence in opressive regimes is usually not just one sided, just asymmetric. and people just seem so committed to get revenge.

    3. He remained an unpredictable and volatile presence who attacked other prison guards and continued to engage in criminal activities.

      Nongoloza could see how disingenuous this move from the guards was. He immediately gives some BS answer ("lost his footing on the softer ground of sympathy") and then just terrorized the guards from the inside. In other words, his disingenuity was a direct result of the guards'. The language of the oppressed often is just a mirror of the oppressors'.

    4. with dialogue and lashing with listenin

      Too little too late. Nongoloza is not going to change his perception of the guards just because they switch up his treatment. Must start with persuasion. Cannot coerce first and the persuade because then it is obviously disingenuous.

    5. he no longer trusted white people.

      the so called "class war" and the "race war": are tightly intertwined. I am a white guy talking about this, but I do believe that the race war is often wrongly prioritized over the class war. Even though this white guy was his boss, they are still in a very similar economic position. There is a million other factors that influence this point, but largely, the problems that face minorities are often compounded by economic ones. Increasing the well being of the lower classes would ALSO increase the well being of minorities because they are doubly impacted by both racial and economic hardship.

    6. an act of vigilante “justice” in which a burning tire was hung around the neck of a suspected apartheid spy

      "righteous" violence often goes too far. It is easy to lose your grip on violence tendencies. Is it part of human nature to have this limitless anger that we seemingly cant control? Why is it so easy for us to get carried away?

    7. umbrella group

      this is what is holding us back in the US. the fact that we don't have an umbrella group to actually represent the lower in the class war. Culture war has made people increasingly divided and a unified coalition cannot emerge because people MUST have their specific interest met or else they will lose interest. There is no semblance of solidarity or patience within US politics. It is an all or nothing mindset.

    8. hootings radicalized a generation of black South African youth.

      violence is the language of both oppressors and the oppressed. however this violence is often framed as "revolutionizing" or "senseless" depending on the context. Radicalization following senseless violence leads to a revolutionary spirit within the oppressed. Afghan fighters are radicalized by the senseless violence committed by US soldiers.

  4. Jan 2025
    1. Ideology and Terror’ to Origins in 1958, the tenor of the work changed.

      ideology is the only way terror within society is formed. ideology often demonizes the other side and exists ONLY in opposition to another. similar to false dichotomy in the axiom of morality?

    2. political parties as interest-group ideologies.

      this speaks to the MAGA party? perhaps they dont really have an ideology even though. they just hang on every word that trump says.

    3. secular feelings of alienation.

      secularity is associated with selfishness here if the axiom of morality is applied. so society started to move more towards selfishness, and by extension capitalism, as religion began to "fall out of fashion"

    4. crystallise occasional loneliness into a permanent state of being

      this speaks to the axiom of morality. a state that humanity oscillates between. one cannot have togetherness without loneliness, in the same way that selfishness cannot exist without altruism. capitalism has crystalized selfishness into a permanent state of being.

    5. ‘And the Lord God said, “It is not good that man is alone; I shall make him a helpmate opposite him.”

      aside from purely being a sin, loneliness is also not necessarily as enjoyable or productive. togetherness and community also serve a utilitarian purpose for humanity's survival and general wellbeing.

    6. loneliness was often evoked in sermons to frighten churchgoers from sin

      too far away from gods light. but why were they afraid of people straying from gods light. shouldn't they be able to find him in true loneliness?

    7. Read on this book, that show of such an exercise may colour your loneliness

      instead she should read her prayer book so nobody thinks she is thinking too hard. loneliness was seen as a bad thing. an evil thing. because one might think and contemplate on their place within society. is this perhaps because in the 1600s, society was largely controlled by religion. If people started to think too hard about something other than the bible, the church might lose its influence on society.

    8. Language fails to capture loneliness because loneliness is a universal term that applies to a particular experience.

      everyone feels a different way about being alone. Everyone likes or dislikes it to a different degree.

    9. But, as Arendt knew, loneliness is a part of the human condition.

      speaks to the intrinsic duality in modern morality between, in this case, loneliness (individuality) juxtaposed with (collectivity) companionship. One needs to have some time by themselves to enjoy the time they have with others.

  5. Sep 2024
    1. Now, can there be a worse disgrace than this- that I should be thought to value money more than the life of a friend

      Crito fears the disgrace of his memory and the way he treated his friends. Rumor is the greatest evil in tarnishing a mans reputation. Especially Posthumously

    2. But do you see. Socrates, that the opinion of the many must be regarded, as is evident in your own case, because they can do the very greatest evil to anyone who has lost their good opinion?

      The opinions of many are not influenced by true intentions of the criticized. The Greatest Evil in this instance is the tarnishing of one's reputation by the many.

    1. “When ignorance reigns in society and disorder in the minds of men, laws are multiplied, legislation is expected to do everything, and each fresh law being a fresh miscalculation, men are continually led to demand from it what can proceed only from themselves, from their own education and their own morality.” It is no revolutionist who says this, nor even a reformer. It is the jurist, [Joseph] Dallois, author of the Collection of French law known as “Repertoire de la Legislation.” And yet, though these lines were written by a man who was himself a maker and admirer of law, they perfectly represent the abnormal condition of our society.

      people in society are confused, uneducated, or lack a sense of morality, governments create more and more laws to try to fix everything. However, each new law ends up being a mistake because laws can't solve the deeper problems that come from people themselves—like their need for better education and stronger values. The quote is saying that laws are not the answer to everything, and real change has to come from individuals improving themselves, not just from making more rules. Even though this idea comes from someone who was involved in creating laws, it still highlights the problems in society where too much is expected from laws.

    1. Hence it is evident that a city is a natural production, and that man is naturally a political animal,

      politics is simply the transfer/organization of powers between different people. the organization of the family unit proves that man is a naturally political animal

    2. every city must be allowed to be the work of nature, if we admit that the original society between male and female is; for to this as their end all subordinate societies tend, and the end of everything is

      every city/organization of society is built on the assumption of natural organization between families. this is how they function properly

    3. "First a house, then a wife, then an ox for the plough," for the poor man has always an ox before a household slave.

      living quarters, reproduction, something to do labor. these are the fundamental tenets of societies organization.

    4. but for every particular purpose she has her separate instruments, and thus her ends are most complete, for whatsoever is employed on one subject only, brings that one to much greater perfection than when employed on many;

      women and slaves both fulfil a purpose in society. but that purpose is different. woman's purpose in society is to obey natural laws and reproduce.

    5. whence it follows that the different state of master [1252b] and slave is equally advantageous to both.

      it is equally advantageous relationship for both slave and master. master relies on slave labor: slave relies on master to be told what to do???

    6. It is also from natural causes that some beings command and others obey, that each may obtain their mutual safety;

      it is human nature for some people to be designated as leaders. leaders are inherent to human society

    7. he would then as in others have the subject perfectly before him; and perceive, in the first place, that it is requisite that those should be joined together whose species cannot exist without each other, as the male and the female

      first unit of organization is the familial unit. marked by human nature to reproduce through male and female.

    8. so that with them a herile government is one composed of a very few, a domestic of more, a civil and a regal of still more, as if there was no difference between a large family and a small city, or that a regal government and a political one are the same, only that in the one a single person is continually at the head of public affairs;

      different bodies/structures of government differentiate themselves by the group of people/amt of people who reside at the top

    9. Now this is called a city, and the society thereof a political society; for those who think that the principles of a political, a regal, a family, and a herile government are the same are mistaken, while they suppose that each of these differ in the numbers to whom their power extends,

      aristotle does not think that the principles of a family, society, etc. are the same.

    10. that each member of the state has in his turn a share in the government, and is at one time a magistrate, at another a private person, according to the rules of political science

      a city is different from a family. cities have an everchanging center of control wherein a family has a permanent head of the household constituted by humans natural instincts.