Hepworth’s solar eclipse footage screened alongside Boer War films

he elder was a famous stage magician, theater manager, author, and inventor

Fortnight ago Amkino announced abruptly that henceforth U. S. cinemaddicts would not see these or any other Russian films again. With very un-Russian haste Amkino was shutting up shop, liquidating.

flicker films expanded the definition of cinema by stripping it down to some of its fundamentals

Just as early cinema arguably prepared audiences and worked as a buffer for shocks of technological and industrial modernity, software cinema trains the viewer in new modes of film spectatorship and new modes of narrative and affective subjectivity that correspond to the ways in which we interact with digital technologies.

does not slip into full narrative immersion because her attention is on surface mechanisms of the film’s assemblage

As historians of early cinema have pointed out, the very conditions of early film projection and exhibition prevented the spectator’s narrative or aesthetic immersion into the spectacle of moving pictures. Many early screenings took place in social settings such as plazas (or the Grand Café in Paris, famous for hosting the first documented public screening in 1895), which encouraged social interaction among spectators but not immersion into the world of the film. In addition, the film projector was noisy and its mechanical operations were impossible to ignore during screenings

unlike cinema’s first audiences, we work within new frameworks for relating to images that are not just moving but also pixelated, digitised, and interactive.