It’s symptomatic of a society that upholds and normalises rape culture and many men aren’t aware of this because a lot of the time, they’re the perpetrators and beneficiaries of gender-based sexual violence,”
even the seemingly unimportant behaviors contribute to rape culture. Sharing nudes in the group chat, or laughing when it's sent, or laughing when a friend catcalls a girl, cause come on, it's a compliment!
“To use and hide behind terms like ‘frigid’, and ‘cock-tease’ and so forth, is to admit and face that their engagement in the banter is to give up their violent positions over women and our bodies.
Even the small, only slightly problematic words and actions of your friends, is in a way shows their attitude towards women, and what they are capable of doing. If your friend says "She was such a tease all night, but she didn't want to sleep with me, should've bought her another drink and I could've gotten lucky." This quote isn't inherently a sign of being a rapist, but it does show his lack of respect for womens' wants, and comfortability getting someone intoxicated just for sex, which is predatory.
says Grace Peutherer, 24, based in Dublin. “So men must know that their friends exhibit this kind of behaviour because they’re around them all the time. Sometimes I think that they try to disassociate themselves with it because they know that it’s wrong and they don’t like to believe that they can be mates with a person who would assault women.”
It's suspected that men are aware of their friends' signs of being an abuser since they are around them often. It is also a possibility that said men dissociate from the behavior, pretend it doesn't exist, because they don't want to believe their friends are abusers. They know it's bad, they just don't want to believe that they could be friends with someone who is capable of it. They have this sort of a defense mechanism, to block it out, deny it, try to find reasons it could be false, because they don't want to face the truth. Or maybe it's because deep down, they know it's wrong, but value their friendship enough to put a victims' story aside, essentially choosing the assaulter with full knowledge of their actions, at the end of the day proving that they do not care about victims.
From her personal and professional life, Francesca, a 23-year-old Londoner, who works in sexual education, has learned that many of us have learnt of consent only in degrees of extremes. “People conceptualise rape as violent or by a stranger when actually it is more likely happening in ‘grey’ areas with close friends or partners.
use this quote
The same response from your male friends when you tell them every woman you know has a story about being sexually violated while he informs you that his friends are not like that.
yeah
Various media outlets initially promulgate issues ofsexual violence within their news broadcasts. The publicdiscussion ends when the shock and horror of the incidenteventually wears off, and it is here where change must takeplace.
Once the initial reaction has worn off, it stops being talked about. This connects to how in my community after said reaction, the seriousness of it wears off, and slowly people become friends with the assailants once again.
Those posting tweets in this subcategory shared negative experiences with laws, legal enforcers, and threats of legal retaliation. Some indicated that by the time they did report, the statute of limitations had expired. Examples include: “I did report. The Judge ignored the petechial hemorrhages in my eyes my fractured trachea and said: I ‘better learn how to turn down men's advances w/o trying to ruin their whole lives’,” “When I walked to the police station after I gained consciousness … the desk cop basically told me regret was not grounds to file a report for rape,” and, “The officer rolled his eyes at me when I tried to file a report. He then proceeded to criticize the outfit I was wearing, asked if I’d been drinking, said it was probably just a misunderstanding, and sent me off to go talk it out with the person who raped me.”
!!!!!!!!!!
Further research on sexual assault reporting could help professionals better understand the barriers to reporting assault, the consequences of victimization, the prevalence of rape myths, and how social discussion of sexual violence affects how survivors view their experience and themselves. Although a number of studies have been conducted on barriers to reporting, (e.g., Kilpatrick et al., 1997; Wolitzky-Taylor et al., 2011), these do not explore the insiders’ experience of decision making, and they are limited to U.S. samples. The purpose of this study was to examine why sexual assault survivors decide not to report, based on an analysis of posts to the Twitter hashtag #WhyIDidntReport. The following research questions were explored: (a) What factors influence survivors of assault to not report abusive experiences? (b) What are the different types of barriers to reporting?
Although there have been studies done on barriers to reporting SA, the studies do not give an inside perspective to the victims' experiences making the decision to report or not, to both peers and officials.
On social media all voices can be heard, and dialogue occurs worldwide in real time on difficult topics (PettyJohn et al., 2019; Whiting et al., 2019). To illustrate, in the 24 hours after the Harvey Weinstein story broke, #MeToo was used over 500,000 times on Twitter, and over 12 million times on Facebook
The conversations around sexual assault has changed due to the fact that we now have social media. All voices can now be heard, quickly and as things are happening. #Metoo is an example of that. 500,000 #metoo hashtags were used within 24 hours after the Harvey Weinstein story came out.
Common myths include: husbands cannot rape their wives, men cannot be raped, women enjoy or ask to be raped (by dressing in certain ways or acting provocatively), and women lie about being raped
These are called rape myths. Used to deny sexual assault and justify male sexual aggression. These myths have been around for a long time in history, religion, law, media, etc.
Also, many are unsure if the experience actually was assault, or whether it was serious enough to report
This connects to the black and white idea of what SA really is. The idea of it is also called "Idealized rape." It can cause confusion for survivors and fear that they will not be taken seriously.
While most sexual assaults are not formally reported (i.e., to police or doctors), many survivors share their experience with family, friends, or romantic partners during their lives (Gauthier et al., 2019). Although only 10-30% of sexual assaults are reported to the police (making sexual assault one of the most underreported crimes; McGregor et al., 2000), perhaps two-thirds of assault survivors disclose to at least one person (Filipas & Ullman, 2001). How these outsiders respond often affects the survivor's healing and decision to disclose to others
Survivors often will tell a close friend or family member first, and said friend or family members' responses can affect whether or not the survivor will tell the police. For example, If a friend says they don't think the abuser did anything wrong, the survivor could easily believe what their "friend" is saying. This may cause the survivor to end up not telling anyone else.
These outcomes can be mitigated by formal and informal support, including whether a person is believed about their experience (Campbell et al., 2009).
Survivors of SA are at a higher risk of developing negative health issues both mentally and physically. If their SA is supported including if they are believed or not it can affect the probability of these outcomes.
in 2018 Judge Brett Kavanaugh was nominated for the U.S. Supreme Court by President Donald Trump. During his confirmation hearing in September, sexual assault allegations made against Kavanaugh by Dr. Christine Blasey Ford were reported and investigated before the continuation of his confirmation hearing. President Trump came to his defense in a tweet, stating, “I have no doubt that, if the attack on Dr. Ford was as bad as she says, charges would have been immediately filed with local Law Enforcement Authorities by either her or her loving parents” (Malloy, 2018, para. 3). The claim that the credibility of her report was tied to the timeliness of it sparked an outcry, and on Twitter the hashtag #WhyIDidntReport went viral, as survivors shared their own stories of barriers to reporting.
How the #whyIdidntreport began gaining attention.
Over the last few decades, awareness of sexual assault and other forms of violence has increased as discussions about gender, power, and harassment have become more common.
metoo movement
The problem here is that in real life only a minority of rapes follow the script of the Idealized Rape.
In this generation, we have gotten used to the idea that SA can happen without fitting into the idealized rape genre. With that being said, like I mentioned before It causes people to be more likely to defend the perpetrator. To those people, un-ideal rape can seem like a grey area, more acceptable to defend. For example, someone could say "Well Stacy got super drunk and she was with greg, I heard greg was being touchy and she didn't like it, but I mean it's not like he raped her or anything, he was just being forward." When in reality, the factual story I have created as an example would be worded like this. "Stacy got drunk at a party with her friends, and started flirting with greg, she just wanted to flirt and chat. They were being a bit touchy, until greg began touching her more forwardly. Stacy kept moving his hand away, telling him to keep things PG. Greg listened for about 5 minutes then continued. Stacy said no, but he did not listen. She started to freak out, and became speechless until a friend came and grabbed her noticing her obvious discomfort. It is very easy for apologists to come up with excuses for this type of SA/SH.
Rape apologists often have an idea in their heads which I like to call the Idealized Rape: this is a scenario where a woman is walking alone at night when a stranger attacks her and beats and rapes her. The survivor then immediately goes to the police to demand justice. Whenever the rape apologist hears that a woman was raped he compares her experience to the imaginary Idealized Rape that he is carrying around in her head. If the survivor’s experience matches up then she is deemed worthy of sympathy and support, but if not the rape apologist will dismiss her experience and tell her it ‘wasn’t really rape’.
This is very accurate especially now, in less black and white ways. If someone hears that an individual was SA'd by coercion, they may be more likely to dismiss their story. This also connects to the idea that a victim is untrustworthy due to their relationship with the victim. The trust aspect furthers the idea that they are less worthy of support and belief.
How are doctors addressing diabetes in the U.S.?
This can be answered too easily. It is too broad.
What action should social networking sites like MySpace and Facebook take to protect users’ personal information and privacy?
be specific, but don't have a yes or no question.
Evaluate your question.
Decide if the question you have come up with fits the criteria of a good research question. Precise, debatable, open, etc.
Do some preliminary research on your general topic.
It's good to do research, because there's always more to learn about the topic.
Research questions help writers focus their research by providing a path through the research and writing process.
Topics can be difficult to research and write about due to their broadness. Research questions help create a basis and help narrow down the topic.
A research question is the question around which you center your research.
A research question is the question that is the basis/center of your research/essay.
The question you ask should be developed for the discipline you are studying.
The question should be in relation to your topic.
You should ask a question about an issue that you are genuinely curious and/or passionate about.
It's best to ask a question that is about a topic you are interested in. When you are interested you tend to produce better work and put in more effort.