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  1. Apr 2020
    1. It is in the light of this fact that ZAPU decided to embark on a revolutionary armed struggle in order to overthrow British colonial rule in Zimbabwe. In this respect, military education and training in a national liberation movement and among the people is regarded as an integral part of the revolution. The goal is development of a political-military force of the masses to ensure victory and defence of the gains of the revolution.

      The ZAPU understand that they can't afford to have this violent revolution without the proper military forces and training because they can't lose. If they don't win this fight they will never achieve what they want.

    2. A revolution is not only inevitable in Zimbabwe, but necessary. To destroy capitalism, racism and all their apparatus or devices, it must be an armed revolution. To prevent their resurgence at any future stage it must be a socialist revolution. The revolution must mean and result in a complete and thorough change of the system of/ life

      Here is is clear that ZAPU not only think it is only right to have a revolution to get rid of capitalist, it must be done with violence so that in the end they achieve their goals of a socialist system so they can eliminate the suffering that their people are experiencing. Without violence the change to socialism will never happen.

    1. You all love your country, no doubt you will have no heart to regret so.

      here he is using emotion to persuade the Vietnamese that carrying out destruction is the right thing to do because they love their country and if they all love their country they will have no issue supporting the fight. He isn't giving them a choice to think otherwise and by saying "no doubt" he is emphasizing that it is expected of them to do what is right and wage war.

    2. To fight we must carry out destruction. If we do not do so, the French will.

      If they don't use destruction then the French will beat them. They have to expect the worst from the French because of everything they have already done to them so there is no choice. They are acknowledging how much power the French have and what they need to do to destroy them.

    1. our fellow-citizens have always manifested toward the French a tolerant and humane attitude. Even after the Japanese putsch of March 1945, the Vietminh League helped many Frenchmen to cross the frontier, rescued some of them from Japanese jails, and protected French lives and property.

      This shows that even though the French have done nothing but bad things to the Vietnamese people, the French continued to be civil towards them and even safe some of their lives. The Vietnamese are very aware of all of the horrible things the French did like they mentioned earlier, but they still believe in doing what's right.

    2. All men are created equal. They are endowed by their Creator with certain inalienable rights, among them are Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of Happiness."

      I think the the only reason he started his speech like this was because he desperately wanted support from the U.S. because with the support it would prevent France from gaining control over Vietnam.

    1. That is what is meant by saying that the point of saturation has been reached. However powerful one country is, the other is also powerful. To hit the nail on the head, the world suffers; there can be no victory. It may be said perhaps rightly that owing to this very terrible danger, people refrain from going to war. I hope so.. The difficulty is that while Governments want to refrain from war, something suddenly happens and there is war and utter ruin. There is another thing: because of the present position in the world there can be aggression. If there is aggression anywhere in the world, it is bound to result in world war. It does not matter where the aggression is. If one commits the aggression there is world war.

      Here Nehru is backing up his position not to join a pact and instead establish relations with everyone because he believes that nothing good can come out of war and all it does is make the world suffer. He suggests that if there is no aggression between countries then there would be no war and people should be afraid of what war can do to the world and refrain from having any part in it.

    2. I submit to you, every pact has brought insecurity and not security to the countries which have entered into them. They have brought the danger of atomic bombs and the rest of it nearer to them than would have been the case otherwise. They have not added to the strength of any country, I submit, which it had singly. It may have produced some idea of security, but it is a false security. It is a bad thing for any country thus to be lulled into security. . . .

      Nehru is explaining his position on military pacts.The Indian gov believed that the pact was just a way for the higher powers to use their influence

    1. Our ancestors, therefore, set a limit to our indulgences. They saw that happiness was largely a mental condition. A man is not necessarily happy because he is rich, or unhappy because he is poor. The rich are often seen to be unhappy, the poor to be happy. Millions will always remain poor. Observing all this, our ancestors dissuaded us from luxuries and pleasures.

      Gandhi is suggesting that their ancestors did right by them because they did not see importance in luxuries and riches. Other people need these things to be content with their life but India is just fine with their different styles of living.

    2. Europe today live in better-built houses than they did a hundred years ago. This is considered an emblem of civilization, and this is also a matter to promote bodily happiness. Formerly, they wore skins, and used spears as their weapons. Now, they wear long trousers, and, for embellishing their bodies, they wear a variety of clothing, and, instead of spears, they carry with them revolvers containing five or more chambers. If people of a certain country, who have hitherto not been in the habit of wearing much clothing, boots, etc., adopt European clothing, they are supposed to have become civilized out of savagery. Formerly,in Europe, people ploughed their lands mainly by manual labour. Now, one man can plough a vast tract by means of steam engines and can thus amass great wealth. This is called a sign of civilization.... Formerly, men travelled in wagons. Now, they fly through the air in trains at the rate of four hundred and more miles per day. This is consideredthe height of civilization.

      Gandhi is critiquing british civilization because he feels as if India shouldn't strive to be like them. To me it sounds like he is describing their civilization as obsessive whereas India has sophisticated traditional values and traditions they should continue to live by.

    1. Leninism broadened the conception of self-determinism, interpreting it as the right of the oppressed peoples of the dependent countries and colonies to complete secession, as the right of nations to independent existence as states….

      Lenin emphasized his idea that each subject nation be given the choice whether to remain united with the Great Russian people or instead separate from them.

    2. The scores and hundreds of millions of Asiatic and African peoples who are suffering national oppression in its most savage and cruel form usually remained outside of their field of vision. They hesitated to put white and black, "civilised" and "uncivilised" on the same plane.... Leninism laid bare this crying incongruity, broke down the wall between whites and blacks, between European and Asiatics, between the "civilised" and "uncivilised" slaves of imperialism, and thus linked the national question with the question of the colonies [and] into a world problem of emancipating the oppressed peoples in the dependent countries and colonies from the yoke of imperialism.

      Lenin wanted both the civilized and uncivilized to come together and unite so that they could move towards socialism. It would be much more difficult to achieve anything with all of the divisions among the nationalities and people.

    1. It was not by mere chance that the first forms of civilization arose where the Aryan came into contact with inferior races, subjugated them and forced them to obey his command. The members of the inferior race became the first mechanical tools in the service of a growing civilization.

      Hilter is trying to back up his beliefs with prior actions by Aryan people and by doing this he shows that he is all for using force on other inferior races. The difference here is that he discusses forcing them to obey his command when in reality he didn't just tell the Jews what to do, he tortured them and killed them without blinking. He didn't want to change them, he just wanted to kill all of them.

    2. If we review all the causes which contributed, to bring about the downfall of the German people we shall find that the most profound and decisive cause lies in lack of insight into the racial problem and especially in failure to recognize the Jewish menace.

      Here Hitler is ending on his main point that all of the issues stem from Jews and they are the reason for all wrong that has happened in Germany. There is no other reason or explanation besides the Jews and their "menace" and because of his hatred toward them, he believed the only solution was to wipe them out

    1. erritory under conditions which will guarantee freedom of conscience and religion, subject only to the maintenance of public order and morals, the prohibition of abuses such as the slave trade, the arms traffic and the liquor traffic, and the prevention of the establishment of fortifications or military and naval bases and of military training of the natives for other than police purposes

      The next class were given some freedom but the Mandatory did not want them gaining power and becoming a threat so they forbidden establishment of fortifications and military bases. They were protecting themselves and ensuring that they will always be in charge while limiting the chance of other nations to become a risk

    2. Certain communities formerly belonging to the Turkish Empire have reached a stage of development where their existence as independent nations can be provisionally recognized

      It seems like the communities that had belonged to the Turkish empire were seen as the most advanced and therefor were part of the highest class of the three. They had more freedom and independence. Their "wishes" would be considered more than those of Central Africa or South-West Africa.

    1. I repeat, that the superior races have a right because they have a duty. They have the duty to civilize the inferior races ....

      Here we see that not only did they think it was their right to colonize those seen as less than them because of race, it was also their responsibility. Almost like they didn't have a choice and it was just the way it was supposed to be. Later on in the paragraph the europeans call it their "superior civilizing duty". They though they were doing them a favor because of how great they were.

    2. Why? Because next door Germany is setting up trade barriers; because across the ocean the United States of America have become protectionists, and extreme protectionists at that; because not only are these great markets ... shrinking, becoming more and more difficult of access, but these great states are beginning to pour into our own markets products not seen there before. This is true not only for our agriculture, which has been so sorely tried ... and for which competition is no longer limited to the circle of large European states .... Today, as you know, competition, the law of supply and demand, freedom of trade, the effects of speculation, all radiate in a circle that reaches to the ends of the earth ....

      It is obvious here that competition and the need to be better than neighboring powers is a big influence in their desires for more exports. They want to keep up with Germany and the US.