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  1. May 2018
    1. 20 March 1815

      This marks the beginning of the "Hundred Days", a period of roughly one hundred days where Napoleon reclaimed his title as Emperor after his first abdication as a result of his loss at the Battle of Leipzig. This period as a whole is towards the end of Napoleon's career as a statesman and ruler. Despite the liberal ideas, such as democracy and freedom of religion, that he spread during the Napoleonic Wars, his rule ultimately came to an end at the Battle of Waterloo. I like to think that Napoleon accomplished much during his later years because he managed to narrate memoirs which served as a piece of him to live on. This created an overall French sentiment after his death, when thousands of French people joyfully cried when their Emperor came down the streets of Paris one last time twenty years after his death. Even after his death, his ideas still survived, from the July Monarchy to the Fifth Republic. This may not answer any of my more important research questions, it still does well to tie up everything about Napoleon, from his most loved policies to the re-instatement of slavery to the very bane of his existence. But even after his death, more liberal rulers of different nations began to accept the ideas of Napoleon, opting for constitutional monarchies and allowing fundamental human rights. Even though Napoleon's reign may have been relatively short, his global impacts reach every corner of the world and endure through the centuries

    1. Napoleonic Code

      A code published by Napoleon in 1804, legalizing the many of the advances fought for in the French Revolution. This is argued by many to be his greatest achievement, as it is literally affecting the modern world. Many parts of the Napoleonic Code is still followed today in many European countries. This definitely answers my question "What did he incorporate in his empire so that it could have lasting effects to the modern world?" I'll have to do more research on the code, but it seems like this was his biggest accomplishment, and that this gave the most benefit to his empire, and after a while, the world. This will fit in my research in regards to the lasting effect that he has the resonated throughout the ages.

    1. The concept of “nationality”, such as it was understood during and after the Revolution, had no meaning at the time of Napoleon’s birth.

      It is not right to judge a historical figure based on modern standards; however, we can apply modern standards and see how such historical figures behave closely to those. In this case, a debate on Napoleon's birth, and by extension his right to rule France, comes into play. Napoleon was born on the island of Corsica, an island which less than a year before his birth came under French possession. Many opponents to the Bonaparte faction try to claim that Napoleon falsified his records only to say that he was French and should receive French benefits. However, church documents and his father's private journal do indeed prove that Napoleon's birthright was that he be French. This popular controversy tests whether it really was in Napoleon's right to become the head of the government of France. But interestingly, the concept of "nationality' is mentioned. While Europe was ruled by monarchs, one could not be a private citizen, but rather, a subject of the king. By this, Napoleon was a subject to the King of France and loyal to him, thus indicating that he could be given the full rights of a Frenchman. However, this controversy also leads to the identity of the man, as it did play a crucial part in his rise to power. Had he not been French, what could've gone wrong?

    1. For some, the period was characterised by summary executions, left, right and centre, all in the name of “Napoleon’s dictatorship”. How credible is this?

      As history becomes more distant from us, more and more myths are ingrained in our beliefs, and many people begin to confuse reality with fantasy. However, this does not change history one bit. This article specifically elaborates on the death rates in regards to execution that happened under the fifteen years that Napoleon was in power. Contrary to popular belief, Napoleon's "dictatorship" was not one where executions were common. In fact, there were three times as many executions taking place in the UK, a nation where there were three times as few people. This myth often derives from that fact that most people consider Bonaparte to have been a ruthless dictator who ordered to execution of all of his rivals. It also stems from the Reign of Terror, an event that happened just a decade earlier which many people confuse with the Napoleonic Era. This article's main idea is that France had much fewer executions, with "between 2,000 and 2,700 executions in Paris in the ten years, 16,594 in the whole of France during “the Terror”, which lasted for about 18 months. This article which debunks the myth of Napoleon and his ruthless regime supports one of my claims in which he managed to successfully turn around the Revolution and bring France back from its bloodiest period