The Jacobin club was a proliferous political and revolutionary group during the French revolution. Member of this club were often called Jacobins. There ideology often encouraged a strong sense of patriotism and liberty and stood in contrast of the current French nobility. So as these people come in conflict with nobility it makes sense for them to take refuge with the Jacobins.

Kennedy, Michael L. “The Foundation of the Jacobin Clubs and the Development of the Jacobin Club Network, 1789-1791.” The Journal of Modern History, vol. 51, no. 4, Dec. 1979, pp. 701–733, https://doi.org/10.1086/241987. Accessed 28 Mar. 2025.

an apothecary was a common occupation found in the ancient civilizations. There job was similar to that of a modern pharmacist. They created medicine for the sick. However, It was often the physicians job to diagnose and treat the sick with medicine from the apothecaries. In the context of the scene, it makes sense for the apothecaries to be in town as there are mentions of a plague

Mullett, Charles F. “Physician vs. Apothecary, 16691671.” The Scientific Monthly, vol. 49, no. 6, 1939, pp. 558–565. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/17103, https://doi.org/10.2307/17103.

Thermoplae was a battle in around 480 BC between the persians and the spartans. it was one of the more significant and remembered battle of the persian war. In it Leonidas led a small army of spartans against a much larger army of persians. While the persians were victourious, the spartans saw this as a heroic and triumphant death. This is why the spartans are singing about it in lysistrata in another victorious moment.

According to Deniger the Vedas is, " a collection of poems and hymns composed in archaic Sanskrit (Britanica). their origins were in northwestern Inda. Its texts were considered sacred and hugely influential to the development of early Hinduism. It inspired many later literatures all related to the idea of divine revelations.