With increase in antibiotic resistance, use of bacteriophages as therapeutics has become resurgent in recent times.
This quote shares with us that the use of bacteriophage can be used as a therapeutic device when it comes to treating antibiotic resistant infections.
delivery as an antimicrobial targeting antimicrobial-resistant bacterial cells
The main use of phage at the moment is to help treat antibiotic resistant bacterial infections. This tells us how they have to deliver as an antimicrobial to treat.
can be delivered to target cells in different contents and in several ways (Fig. 1). Specific target genes in bacteria can be knocked out using genome editing
Tells us the process of how it is delivered into the target cells in multiple ways and uses genome editing. This helps to answer one of our questions on how phage works.
The phage cocktail decreased the bacterial load in the wound to a greater extent than that in the control group
This is explaining one way that the phage was being used to treat an infected burn wound. The phage was proven to decrease the bacterial load that was presented in the wound.
Bacteriophages (phages) are a category of viruses capable of infecting bacteria.
This is a description of how the phages work and how they begin to work by infecting other bacteria.
There are great advantages with phage therapy to treat resistant strains but theoretical treatment methods and successful clinical trials are essential before their implementation. Therefore, it is pivotal that scientists conduct the highest standards of rigorous trials to convince the regulatory authorities that phage portray a viable substitute or inclusion to existing therapies. It is vitally important that we learn from past mistakes and explore the possible applications of phages in order to appropriately exploit their very potential in human medicine. Further, more research is required to give new facelift towards phage therapy in future medicine.
This is super important! This states that phage can be used greatly throughout medicine. It tells us that phage is useful to the point where scientists are continuing their research and are constantly researching for new ways for this to be used to our advantage.
He used phage preparations to successfully treat Shigella dysentery patients in France and Cholera outbreak in India.
Again, this is an example of why we should be utilizing this bacteriophage to get further in medicine. We should find a way to make it more diverse so it can help in more ways.
Typically, bacteriophage morphology exhibit well defined three-dimensional structure. The genetic material is enclosed in an icosahedral protein capsid head, a tail (spiral contractile sheath surrounding a core pipe and a baseplate with tail fibers) and surface receptor proteins responsible to recognize specific surface molecules on the host bacterium [5].
This is describing what you can expect a bacteriophage to look like, this helps you to draw a picture in your head.
Bacteriophages are viruses, the most abundant organisms and the natural predators of bacteria. They are self-replicating, obligatory intracellular parasites and inert biochemically in extracellular environment. They control the biosynthetic machinery of bacterial host and behest them to produce different viral proteins. They are considered as particles outside the host cell containing nucleic acid (DNA or RNA) which encode necessary information required for their replication. They are primordial ubiquitous organisms
This is the exact definition explaining what a bacteriophage is and the description of it and its qualities. This helps us to understand what they contain and how they work.
Phage therapy is an age old practice of pre-antibiotic era in which bacteriophages are harnessed as bio-agents against bacterial infections.
This quote again proves the fact that we could be using the bacteriophages as a viable resource when it comes to medicine.