. One of the distinct pleasures in Pixar’s films is the pleasure of seeing the deepest of human struggles, timeless philosophical questions projected in and through remote forms of representation.

Pixar habitually leaves behind the playful in its adult address and gives sustained attention to dark musings traditionally minimized in the G-rated

Pixar’s stories are original (not recycled or reworked fairy tales) and its technological innovations intro-duce fresh phenomenologies in viewers, pleasurably alienating viewers from the adult subject matter so frequently cen-tralized in the cinema

Pixar realized the diminish-ing value of transient references in the creation of timeless classics and has mined an alternative set of “universal” pleasures.