The conclusions of the study identify the function Beta-catenin has in relation to cell fate and polarity of blastoma involved in tissue regeneration. Though it was previously known that Beta-catenin was related to the function, it was not clear if it served as an off-on switch for regenerating a specific structure per the location of the wound. Further, it was determined that B-catenin and APC react early and can re-program blastema identity.

I could rant about the use of .mov, but long story short, a more universal format for videos should be used, such as .mp4.

The inappropriately regenerated structures operate independently from the parent section. Thus, the blastoma cells are "reprogrammed" to function as the regenerated area.

This is in regards to a anatomical position of certain markers. SmedSfrp-a is most dense and present at the anterior edge of the animal, while SmedFz-d was most prevalent at the posterior portion. The quantification of protein markers post amputation was juxtaposed to genes silenced.

Researchers examined the regerated structures beyond the surface level by examing two organs of the CNS. The presence or lack there of indicated the degree of the erroneous regeneration, and isolate the genes relationship to the development of those structures. Missing here is a description of the viability of the animals in their post amputated state, or the number of animals that survived amputation.

Ectopic and supernumerary = abnormal growth and density of photoreceptors. As alluded to earlier in the paper, in humans might this be expressed as a hallmark of cancerous cell growth?

Design of the experiment: silencing of genes included a control group, singular silencing, and combination of silencing

In general, B-catening, "is part of a complex of proteins that constitute adherens junctions (AJs)."

Purified anti-B Catenin 1 (CTNNB1) Antibody. 2021. Biolegend. https://www.biolegend.com/en-us/products/purified-anti-beta-catenin-1-ctnnb1-antibody-11979

In other words, B-catenin regulates the polarity of structural regeneration.

The suppression of either B-catenin or APC may leave indirectly result in lost regulation of either gene. Thus, regeneration will occur, but inappropriately.

Additional papers on the subject that may be helpful:

Kao D, Felix D, & Abbobaker A. 2013. The planarian regeneration transcriptome reveals a shared but temporally shifted regulatory program between opposing head and tail scenarios. BMC Genomics. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2164-14-797

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