A river-goddess; this is the river that Achilles' mother dipped him into.

Cerberus

Death

Sleep

This same description was used for the Land of the Cimmerians. However, in the Odyssey, it is found at the edge of the earth, as opposed to below it in this case.

The underworld?

The transition between the Gold and Iron age?

How unfortunate he was in life will be contrasted by the grandiosity of his death.

A dark blue bow

Athena

The labors of Heracles

Cronus

A belt for weapons (i.e. a sword, a bow)

Hera...

The prototypical greek figure tortured in the underworld.

Punished for abusing the god's company

Leto...

Very similar punishment to Prometheus.

Gaia

"Greeks", here, is usually a different word, like Argives, Achaeans, or Danaans

Ares...

The Trojan Horse!

Jesus Christ...

Achilles' father

Achaea?

"Zeus-born son of Laertes, resourceful Odysseus, reckless man..." - original greek

Achilles??

Son of Atreus

Surely not Icarus, right?

Odysseus' wife

A woman so vile she made him sexist????

The original greek makes no reference to virginity... hmm...

Originally "having called me home, having feasted me, as one cuts down an ox at the manger". Killed white it eats; defenseless.

Again a stand-in for Zeus-born.

He wants to go home, but the Phaeacians want him to continue telling his story.

appearance/beauty

All of this, insofar, has been a quotation said to the Phaeacians.

Dionysus

Suicide... yikes...

Heracles...

river-god of the river of the same name

A euphemism for the lost virginity of Tyro.

Also Zeus...

Referred to here as "the Earth-Holder, the Earth-Shaker" in the greek.

a river in Thessaly, and its river-god

This is an interface for the underworld, shrouded in a "misty gloom". Thus, this is a command for Odysseus to away.

The physical power of a body; the might in a limb.

Being the class of all mortals

In the original text, this is proceeded by the address "Ah me, my child, most ill-fated of all men"

Zeus...

In the original, this is "of fine braids"

Very different way to contextualise this than in the original greek, where this reads moreso as "taking our fill of chilling lament"

The original text describes him raising his voice, showing a growing anger at the cruelty of this situation.

This is brutal... the knowledge that you near-directly caused the death of your mother due to your absence.

More tragically, in the original translation, the mother goes into great detail about wasting away from disease, implying that it was a comparable fate.

"Hard old age is coming upon him."

In the original text, he is instead described as a justice-dealing or judgement-dealing man.

Telemachus is characterised as untroubled in the original text.

Achaia is where he's from?

His prize of honor; the special portion/privilege awarded to a person in recognition of rank or worth

Artemis...

In the original text, they use the epithet of death of "laying men at full length; of long sorrow"

fought against the Trojans

Troy

Where???

The house of Hades; the underworld.

The blood gives some form of life to the dead.

In the text, closer to "I have told thee unerringly true"; much stronger.

Any great sacrifice to the gods.

Lord Poseidon is more accurate to the text. King, here, refers to the maser whose word rules a domain.

Referring to the aforementioned "winnowing-fan"

The flat wooden shovel a farmer uses to throw threshed grain into the wind so that the chaff blows away. Notably, roughly oar-shaped.

This plays into the fact that these are men who have not known the sea, and thus have no reason to know what an oar is.

In the original text, this is moreso "this can't escape your mind" than what is written here.

To "make them pay"

Gifts meant to win the bride from her father.

Literally "set against a god". Equal in stature, not opposed in nature. "Godlike"

Substance here being used as "livelihood". That is, that that sustains life.

Literally "over + growth", denoting too much; overbearing.

To both keep your mind on the thought but also to plan for.

There is literally no way these are going to be left unharmed...

Not merely alive, but unmeddled with.

sturdy sheep

cattle

Literally not even grammatically correct. Here's a better translation: "Yet even so you may still return, though suffering hardship, if you are willing to hold back your own spirit and your companions', when first you bring your well-built ship to the island of Thrinacia, escaping the violet-dark sea, and you find grazing there the cattle and sturdy sheep of Helios, who oversees all things and overhears all things."

Appetite here referring to one's drive; the thing that moves us.

A lot more violent in the greek; the eye was specified to have been wholly destroyed.

In the original greek, "the Earth-shaker", a cult title of Poseidon.

Why does this keep mixing Roman and Greek god names?

A god will make it hard for him.

An entire line is removed in this translation, being: "So we two sat exchanging grim words, I apart, holding my sword over the blood, and on the other side my companion's phantom talked on and on."

Members of Odysseus's crew?

This phrase, in the original greek, still starts with "Zeus-born son of Laertes, Odysseus of many devices", as a sort of formal address.

In greek, "the light of the sun," both literally and under Helios' "sun of life"

Seer of Thebes?

In the original greek, this translates moreso as "lest I become some grievance of the gods against you," framing himself as the thing that brings about this wrath for Odysseus.

The son!

Aeaea is Circe's island, where he died. He wants to not be left "unwept and unburied".

Why is this Hades here, but Pluto earlier? Pluto seems to have been a euphemism for Hades, so maybe this shows some form of familiarity?

Some god, referred to only with their power that 'gives' good or ill.

The original greek refers to Odysseus as "Zeus-born son of Laertes", where zeus-born is a high epithet for heroes, showing that even though Elpenor died under his watch without proper respect around his death, he still respects Odysseus.

This refers to the underworld, or the nether darkness. The original greek refers to a "misty gloom".

One of Oddyseus' crew, died earlier.

The blood of the sheep, as offered to the god.Also, the blood as the seat and sign of life and blood-kinship.

The sheep that were slaughtered.

Persephone, queen of the underworld.

This is Hades

to skin them

Less-so calling and moreso to incite; he's inciting them to flay the sheep.

The men who sailed with Odysseus.

This is the first true instance of the supernatural; the dead of Erebus (the nether darkness) come into the mortal realm.

Originally, this refers to something of the quality of being "more-than-human", breaking down into roughly "god-decreed." This is in contrast to the fear experienced.

The original word here is a comparison to a storm cloud, which is a fixed epithet of Zeus.

The original greek here breaks down as "to cut off at the throat", and was used specifically in the case of ritual sacrifice. Here, it is aimed into this pit.

A pile built for burning, in this case being a pile of good things Odysseus vows o burn as an offering to the dead.

Originally, literally "strengthless heads of the dead", strengthless meaning something along the lines of having their force-of-life drained.

Less offering prayer, and more imploring; this is originally referring to the formal greek gesture of entreaty, to grasp the knees of the one implored. In this case, praying to the gods before the ambush.

White barley-meal, a staple food.

A drink-offering poured to the dead.

Libation can also refer to a drink for the gods, but not in this case.

ship

ship

The original greek, αὐδήεσσα, refers moreso to the capability of human speech.

A goddess-witch, daughter of Helios.