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  1. Feb 2021
  2. www.plymouth.edu www.plymouth.edu
    Pesticides and pollinators: A socioecological synthesis
    3
    1. rtl1008 11 Feb 2021
      Given the estimated 347,000 insect pollinator species(Ollerton, 2017), a general inquiry into the link between pollina-tor behavior and pesticide exposure benefits from the aggrega-tion of major pollinator species into trait-based guilds.

      I had no idea that there is that many insect pollinators. I knew of honeybees and other bees also butterflies but I thought that was it! According to Pests and Pollinators "Insect pollinators include beetles, flies, ants, moths, butterflies, bumble bees, honey bees, solitary bees, and wasps."!!

    2. rtl1008 11 Feb 2021
      new pest species are introduced, existing pest species evolve resis-tance, agricultural practices shift, human demand for resourcescontinues to grow, and the climate is changing (USGCRP, 2018). Thiscreates a steady demand for new pest management methods, includingnovel pesticide chemistries and application technologies.2.2. Pesticide availability: Development and regulationThe suite of pesticides to which pollinators are potentially exposedvaries through time as new products become available and existingproducts are removed (Atwood and Paisley-Jones, 2017).

      If new pesticides are so frequently introduced to pollinators how are they being tested properly to insure they are safe to use. The article previously mentioned that the pesticides have to be tested and pass government approval before being used. But if being changed so often how is each variation of the chemical being tested?

    3. rtl1008 11 Feb 2021
      This altered consumer expectations andtightened food qualityreg-ulations such that blemished produce became unsalable, with the neteffect of further intensifying pesticide use

      The fact that we have to use pesticides on our produce in order for people to eat/ purchase it is crazy. Just because it's a little misshaped doesn't mean it tastes any different! I looked up why this a thing us as consumers do and found a really interesting and informative article here; Ugly Produce

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    plymouth.edu/courses/pluginfile.php/1882302/mod_resource/content/3/Sponsler EtAl-2019 Review.pdf