- May 2017
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sourcebooks.fordham.edu sourcebooks.fordham.edu
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Man is born free; and everywhere he is in chains.
This paradox loaded comment is the basis of American democracy. In the times of slavery when equality and freedom were limited to documents and scripts, Rousseau had the courage to voice his thoughts about how every man needs his freedom and his personal liberty at least. When he mentions chains here in this book he is pointing towards the practices of slavery that denied many humans their basic rights and converted them into property. Rousseau's ideas here are against slavery and the purpose of writing is to help people understand why America needs democracy. A place where human rights are equally protected for all is a stronger place.
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www.papalencyclicals.net www.papalencyclicals.net
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25. The Roman Pontiff, the successor of Peter, is not the vicar of Christ over all the churches of the entire world, instituted by Christ Himself in blessed Peter.
This clause makes a religious statement that asserts the Roman Catholic beliefs more subtly.
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Some of these have already been condemned by councils and the constitutions of our predecessors, and expressly contain even the heresy of the Greeks and Bohemians. Other errors are either heretical, false, scandalous, or offensive to pious ears, as seductive of simple minds, originating with false exponents of the faith who in their proud curiosity yearn for the world's glory, and contrary to the Apostle's teaching, wish to be wiser than they should be. Their talkativeness, unsupported by the authority of the Scriptures, as Jerome says, would not win credence unless they appeared to support their perverse doctrine even with divine testimonies however badly interpreted.
These sentences show the political rhetoric by Leo so that he could reveal to people that whatever doctrine has been presented by Martin Luther, it is preposterous and based on assumed beliefs. His mention of councils and constitutions is an attempt to involve logic in his argument.
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rising
I agree with the points made by Ssamo1 The Pope is trying hard to tell people to stick to the traditional Catholic practices and shun the reformatory ideas of Martin Luther. He is being religiously appealing for people of that time because he knew that those who have believed in Roman Catholicism and have been loyal to the Pope, Peter and the Church will listen to him and consider Martin Luther and his reformation as prime evil. These words work powerfully from religious as well as from the political perspective.
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www.bartleby.com www.bartleby.com
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f the kingdom of France has resisted it, why do we Germans suffer ourselves to be fooled and deceived?
This mentions the political development in the form of resistance to the beliefs upon Pope's influence in the lives of Christians that was resisted by the French. It shows how Roman Catholic Church was losing its power as a result of Protestant reformations.
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Therefore let us rouse ourselves, fellow-Germans, and fear God more than man, that we be not answerable for all the poor souls that are so miserably lost through the wicked, devilish government of the Romanists, and that the dominion of the devil should not grow day by day, if indeed this hellish government can grow any worse,
This portion of Martin Luther speech is indeed trying to reform and revolutionize the concept of who should be more important. He is clearly attempting to make people understand that man's interpretation of religion should not be influential. People should focus on connecting with God directly without trying to please the Pope all the time. This is one of those notions of the reformation period that refer towards correcting people so that they practice religion for God and not for the advocates of religion.
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