Carl Hagenbeck (1844 - 1913) was a German merchant who specialized in wild animals and supplied animals to both European zoos and to P. T. Barnum. He is credited with creating the modern zoo with animal enclosures without bars. He founded the Tierpark Hagenbeck, the most successful private zoo in Germany in 1907. Outside of running animal zoos, he was a pioneer in the displaying of human beings in human zoos. He died in 1913 in Hamburg from a snake bite and following his death his sons Heinrich and Lorenz continued his work.

Throughout this semester, we have learned about how for some Germans colonialism was a means to escape their everyday lives and step into an exotic landscape that they would not otherwise see. These human zoos give these same people the escape that they need without the financial burden of travelling. By providing human zoos to their population, German society brought the novelty of colonialism to their shores.

Bell (1863 - August 8, 1914) was a Duala king and a resistance leader in the Cameroon. He was educated in both Cameroon and Europe before succeeding his father as king. He styled himself after European rulers and was supported by the German colonial forces. Bell became a resistance fighter soon after the enactment of a German plan to relocate the Duala people inland, away from their homeland close to the river. Bell tried to fight the German forces by creating alliances with other European nations and other Cameroonian leaders. Additionally, Bell would write petitions and letters to the German administration, which were all rebuffed. Bell was eventually turned over to German authorities charged with high treason. He was hanged on August 8, 1914. Among the Cameroonian people, he is seen as a early figure of Cameroonian nationalism.

Martin Paul Samba (1875 - August 8 1914) was a Bulu military officer during the German colonial period in Cameroon. He was a favorite of the Germans and traveled to Germany in 1891 to complete his military training. After graduating, he returned to Cameroon and accompanied German military expeditions throughout the colony. Samba would resign from his commission in 1902 to enter into a private business. Soon after he began to plot the overthrow of the Germans and secretly contacted the British and French to secure arms for his cause. He was arrested by German officials and charged with high treason. Once convicted, he was executed on August 8, 1914. For many Cameroonians, Samba is one of their earliest heroes and nationalists. He currently has a statue in Ebolowa.

Sinti is a subgroup of the Romani people who are mostly found in Central Europe. The origin of "Sinti" has long been disputed. Many believe that it is derived from a region of Pakistan, Sindh, and the small minority think the name came from the 18th century and that is a European loanword.

Herzog was the German Head of State from 1994 to 1999. During his tenure, he apologized for the Nazi war crimes and established Holocaust Memorial Day. This is interesting considering Herzog was unwilling to recognize that Germany is responsible for the genocide of Nama and Herero people during the early 20th century. It begs the question was Herzog unwilling to apologize for German colonialism and the genocide that it brought, when he is willing to apologize for the Holocaust. Here is a link to an article of Germany asking for Poland's forgiveness: https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1994-08-02-mn-22740-story.html

Identifying the argument of the paper. From the various examples above of German football players, we can see that the country has yet to reckon with their colonial ideas of race and how it is presented in German society. This has led to a sharp rebuttal against any person, of African descent, due to their origins and the keeping away of their Germanness. From this, we can assume that German society is trying to gatekeep what it means to be German and are using race as a means to do so

For this article, we can see that while the German media saw that it was praiseworthy to include Asamoah, they also felt it was necessary to Other him from the rest of the German national team. Additionally, using words and phrases like those listed in this section allows for their audience to see Asamoah as something aside from German and as something foreign that could later be used as a scapegoat. From this we can see that even though this was meant to be a move toward inclusion, there was no true intention by German to society to accept Asamoah as part of their sacred ritual and to keep him as an outsider even though he is a German citizen.

How has the NTLA responded to the recent apology for the genocide given by the German government and the promise of $1.1 billion euros to Namibia over the next 30 years?

To give some context to Bennett as an author, he is a British sociologist who focuses primarily on cultural histories and cultural studies. Throughout his career, he has worked primarily in Australia and the UK and he his work has been important to the developments within the literary and popular culture fields. Additionally, he is the founder of the Australian school of cultural policy studies.

Link: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tony_Bennett_(sociologist)

I found this statistic interesting because it puts into perspective how devastating this event was for these two groups. From our readings earlier this week, we got a sense of what happened to the Herero and Nama peoples, however to see an amount that were actually killed allows us to see that it fundamentally changed the racial makeup of what is today Namibia.