Moreover, our review showed that the number of intervention strategiesvaried widely in the included studies
Overall the studies showed that, while there may not be a universally accepted VAP prevention bundle, any type of intervention that is meant to prevent VAP is important, as it is a serious problem we see in patients on ventilators. -NW & MB
Thirty-two studies measured the compliance to ventilator bundles and/or educationprogram, and in all of them there was a significant increase in VAP bundle adherence afterthe education program
Education is an important aspect of intervention implementation. Understanding how and why VAP prevention is important can help those implementing it make sure they are working with the right goals in mind. -NW & MB
Head-of-Bed elevation, with a range of 30◦ to 45◦, wasimplemented by all the reviewed studies, except one
Just like hand hygiene, raising the HOB is one of the easiest interventions we can implement to prevent VAP. It also has other benefits, such as giving the patient an easier work of breathing. -NW & MB
The risk of bias assessment of the reviewed studies is demonstrated in SupplementaryTable S1
Bias in a study can cause its validity to drop, making it and its results invaluable to those who were looking to implement the results into their routine. -NW &MB
All the studies, due tothe inclusion criteria, had a pre- and post-intervention observational study design
The pre- and post- intervention design gives us an idea of how much change the interventions actually caused. We can guage how useful the interventions (in this case, VAP bundles) are in the medical field. -NW & MB
as performed by using the Risk of Bias in Non-randomized Studies of Interventions(ROBINS-I) [16]. The checklist consist
Each of these characteristics from each article is what set them apart from eachother and it was the most important aspects of the studies to look at. Each one gives us a better understanding of how, what, when, were and why each study was conducted. - NW & MB
Two independent authors selected the included studies and anotherindependent author resolved possible disagreement
Having a third author help mediate disagreements helped make sure that all ties when it came to deciding which studies were included were resolved fairly. - NW & MB
. All the above severe respiratory syndromesand population aging have led to increased rates of ventilated patients
The increasing incidence of the MRSA, SARS-1, SARS-2, and MERS caused more patients to go on ventilation. - NW & MB
chlorhexi-dine
We need to be careful with the use of chlorhexidine as it can remove the enamel on teeth.- NW & MB