To the experienced ear this meant that the death-line was an arc of which the river was the chord. There were deep, shaking explosions and smart shocks; the whisper of stray bullets and the hurtle of conical shells; the rush of round shot.

Cherokees were happy and prosperous

they made rapid advances in civilization, morals, and in the arts and sciences

received the Cherokees and their nation in to favor and protection; and that the chiefs and warriors, for themselves and all parts of the Cherokee nation to be under the protection of the United States of America,

Felix Grundy, Dec 9, 1811

almost 61 years after it occurred.

commercial revolution and social worlds

We expect the boat dayly from Garden Hill when I shall be able to give you an account of affairs there. The cotton, guiney corn, and most of the ginger planted here was cut off by a frost. I wrote you a former letter we had a fine crop of indigo seed upon the ground, and since informed you the frost took it before it was dry. I picked out the best of it and had it planted but there is not more than a hundred bushes of it come up—which proves the more unlucky as you have sent a man to make it. I make no doubt indigo will prove a very valuable commodity in time if we could have the seed from the West Indies time enough to plant the latter end of March, that the seed might be dry enough to gather before our frost. I am sorry we lost this season. We can do nothing towards it now but make the works ready for next year. The lucern is yet dwindlering, but Mr. Hunt tells me ‘tis always so here the first year.

We hear Carthagene is taken. Mr. Wallis is dead. Capt. Norberry was lately killed in a duel by Capt. Dobrusee, whose life was despaired of by the wounds he received. He is much blamed for quarreling with such a brawling man as Norberry who was disregarded by every body. Norberry has a wife and 3 or 4 children in very bad circumstances to lament his rashness.

The death of my Grandmamma was, as you imagine, very shocking and grievous to my Mama, but I hope the considerations of the miserys that attend so advanced an age will help time to wear it off. I am very much obliged to you for the present you were so good to send me of the fifty pound bill of exchange which I duly received.

Never were letters more welcome than yours of Feb. 19th and 20th and March the 15th and 21st, which came almost together. It was near 6 months since we had the pleasure of a line from you. Our fears increased apace and we dreaded some fatal accident befallen, but hearing of your recovery from a dangerous fit of illness has more than equaled, great as it was, our former anxiety. Nor shall we ever think ourselves sufficiently thankful to Almighty God for the continuance of so great a blessing.

But if it be my chance, Homewards to advance, From the Land of Virginny, O; If that I once more, Land on English Shore, I’ll no more be weary, weary, weary, weary O.

Then let Maids beware, All by my ill-fare, In the Land of Virgnny, O; Be sure thou stay at home, For if you do here come, You will all be weary, weary, weary, weary, O.

If my Dame says, Go, I dare not say no, In the Land of Virginny, O: The Water from the Spring, Upon my head I bring, When that I am weary, weary, weary, weary, O.   When the Mill doth stand, I’m ready at command, In the Land of Virginny, O: The Morter for to make, Which made my heart to ake, When that I am weary, weary, weary, weary, O.   When the Child doth cry, I must sing, By a by; In the Land of Virginny, O: No rest that I can have, Whilst I am here a Slave, When that I am weary, weary, weary, weary, O.   A thousand Woes beside, That I do here abide, In the Land of Virginny, O: In misery I spend My time that hath no end, When that I am weary, weary, weary, weary, O.

I have play’d my part, Both at Plow and at Cart, In the Land of Virginny, O: Billats from the Wood, Upon my back they load, When that I am weary, weary, weary, weary, O.   Instead of drinking Beer, I drink the Water clear, In the Land of Virginny, O; Which makes me pale and wan Do all that e’r I can, When that I am weary, weary, weary, weary, O.

Then the Spider she Daily waits on me, In the Land of Virginny, O; Round about my Bed, She spins her tender web, When that I am weary, weary, weary, weary, O.   So soon as it is day, To work I must away, In the Land of Virginny, O; Then my Dame she knocks With her Tinder-box, When that I am weary, weary, weary, weary, O.

The Cloaths that I brought in, They are worn very thin, In the Land of Virginny, O; Which makes me for to say, Alas, and Well-a-day, When that I was weary, weary, weary, weary, O.   Instead of Beds of Ease, To lye down when I please, In the Land of Virginny, O, Upon a Bed of Straw, I lay down full of Woe, When that I was weary weary, weary, weary, O.

When my Dame says, Go, Then I must do so, In the Land of Virginny, O; When she sits at Meat, Then I have none to eat, When that I was weary, weary, weary, weary, O.

Five Years served I, Under Master Guy, In the Land of Virginny, O: Which made me for to know, Sorrow, Grief, and Woe; When that I was weary, weary, weary, weary, O.

When that first I came To this Land of Fame, Which is called Virginny, O; The Axe and the Hoe Have wrought my Overthrow, When that I was weary, weary, weary, weary, O.

Give ear unto a Maid, That lately was betray’d, And sent into Virginny O: In brief I shall declare, What I have suffered there, When that I was weary, weary, weary, weary, O.

Therefore all those who hereafter intend to make the voyage hither should take good heed that they either, if there are many of them, procure their own provisions, or else agree distinctly with the captain as to both quantity and quality, how much food and of what sort they are to receive each day; and to hold him down the more completely to this agreement, one should reserve some small part of the passage money, to be paid on this side. Also when possible one should arrange with a ship which sails up to this city of Philadelphia, since in the case of the others which end their voyage at Upland, one is subjected to many inconveniences.

for furs and skins, have furnished the Indians with arms and ammunitions especially those with whom they are now at War

Robert Horne’s wanted to entice English settlers to join the new colony of Carolina. According to Horne, natural bounty, economic opportunity, and religious liberty awaited anyone willing to make the journey. Horne wanted to recruit settlers of every social class, from those “of Genteel blood” to those who would have to sign a contract of indentured servitude.

The stench of the hold while we were on the coast was so intolerably loathsome, that it was dangerous to remain there for any time

at which the whites on board gave a great shout, and made many signs of joy to us.

Many a time we were near suffocation, from the want of fresh air, which we were often without for whole days together. This, and the stench of the necessary tubs, carried off many

In this manner we continued to undergo more hardships than I can now relate; hardships which are inseparable from this accursed trade.

These Indians are a small People, having lost much of their former Numbers, by intestine Broils; but most by the Small-pox, which hath often visited them, sweeping away whole Towns; occasioned by the immoderate Government of themselves in their Sickness; as I have mentioned before, treating of the Sewees. Neither do I know any Savages that have traded with the English, but what have been great Losers by this Distemper.

one pleasant, green Field, and as even as a Bowling-green to the Eye of the Beholder; being hemmed in on one Side with these Ledges of vast high Mountains

which gave us the Advantage of seeing a long Way; these Mountains were clothed all over with Trees, which seemed to us to be very large Timbers.

we lay by a small swift Run of Water, which was paved at the Bottom with a Sort of Stone much like to Tripoli, and so light, that I fancied it would precipitate in no Stream, but where it naturally grew. The Weather was very cold, the Winds holding Northerly.

al! youths, as I have said, and all of good stature, a very handsome people. Their hair is not curly, but loose and coarse, like horse hair. In all the forehead is broad, more so than in any other people I have hitherto seen. Their eyes are very beautiful and not small, and themselves far from black, but the color of the Canarians.

We know that the seasons in the underworld are different from ours, because the water in the springs is always warmer in winter and cooler in summer than the outer air.