Come, go we to the King. 1061 This must be known, which, being kept close, might 1062 move 1063 More grief to hide than hate to utter love.
Polonius tells Ophelia they have to tell Claudius about this event before he finds out that he is hiding it from him. He wants to come clean before any more damage is done.
That hath made him mad. 1054 I am sorry that with better heed and judgment 1055 125 I had not coted him.
Polonius realizes he might have messed up in telling Ophelia to reject him because it might drive him mad like it technically already is. What Polonius and Ophelia don't know is that this could just be Hamlet acting crazy to convince people he is crazy about his father's death.
And with a look so piteous in purport 1023 As if he had been loosèd out of hell 1024 To speak of horrors—he comes before me.
This weird act of Hamlet coming into Ophelia's room with Hamlet letting out a big sigh and seeming like a demon was coming out of him is because it could be the start of Hamlet's act of being insane.
The youth you breathe of guilty, be assured 0981 He closes with you in this consequence: 0982 “Good sir,” or so, or “friend,” or “gentleman,”
Polonius wants Reynaldo to ask around about Laertes. He wants to do it discreetly without raising any concern about Laertes' character. Polonius says that when Reynaldo is speaking to these people about Laertes, that if they refer to Reynaldo as a friend or gentleman, Laertes is guilty. This is because if Laertes is guilty of doing things he isn't supposed to, the people will try to act friendly toward Reynaldo and try to play it off and refrain from saying the truth. They don't want Laertes to get in trouble, because most of the other Danes were doing the same things.
Inquire me first what Danskers are in Paris; 0939 And how, and who, what means, and where they 0940 10 keep, 0941 What company, at what expense; and finding 0942 By this encompassment and drift of question 0943 That they do know my son, come you more nearer 0944 Than your particular demands will touch it.
Polonius instructs Reynaldo to ask other people in Paris that are the same social class as Laertes and to find out what they know about Laertes. He thinks this will tell more about Laertes true character and behavior while in Paris instead of him explaining it himself. He theoretically wants Reynaldo to spy on his son because he doesn't trust him away from home.
Give him this money and these notes, Reynaldo.
"Him" is Laertes. Polonius is sending money with Reynaldo to Paris because he is worried about Laertes's behavior and is worried he has no more money. Polonius is known for spending money on prostitutes and he could possibly be worried that Laertes is doing the same thing, just in Paris.
That one may smile and smile and be a villain.
This line has a ton of impact because it shows the true reality of what people are like, especially back then when power meant everything. It also foreshadows what is to come with Hamlet and his plotting of killing Claudius. His decision to act mentally insane due to his father's death will transform Hamlet into the exact thing he is describing as Claudius. He will end up killing Claudius which makes him a villain hiding behind the smile of his insanity.
But, howsomever thou pursues this act, 0810 Taint not thy mind, nor let thy soul contrive 0811 Against thy mother aught. Leave her to heaven 0812 And to those thorns that in her bosom lodge 0813 95 To prick and sting her.
The ghost is telling Hamlet to act upon avenging his death, however not to act upon punishing his mother for her relationship with Claudius. The way I see it is that the ghost wants Gertrude to suffer in the same way that he did. He wants God to be the one to judge her because he has been through the same thing. He wants her to be burning for her sins during the day and roaming endlessly at night. It's almost like he knows that Gertrude will suffer without the need of Hamlet acting upon her.
The serpent that did sting thy father’s life 0765 Now wears his crown
The ghost tells Hamlet that it was Claudius that killed him, not a snake while he was napping in a garden like everyone in Denmark thinks. Shakespeare uses the serpent as a tool to compare Claudius to a snake which typically means that a person is greedy, selfish, or doing something behind someone's back.
To tell the secrets of my prison house, 0738 20 I could a tale unfold whose lightest word 0739 Would harrow up thy soul, freeze thy young blood, 0740 Make thy two eyes, like stars, start from their 0741 spheres,
The ghost informs Hamlet that he cannot share what the afterlife is like because of a curse that will make Hamlet's head basically explode. He also says that in the daylight he is constantly burning in flames until the sins that he committed when he was alive have burned out of him and during the night time he is able to roam freely
It beckons you to go away with it
The ghost wants Hamlet to talk to him alone, and hamlet is agreeing to go. Horatio and Marcellus conflict hamlet and advise him to not leave with the ghost. This argument continues throughout the rest of the scene ultimately resulting in Hamlet leaving to speak with the ghost and the others following behind them to keep watch. This shows the friendship that Horatio and Marcellus have for Hamlet. They are worried for Hamlet because of the uncertainty of the ghosts desires with Hamlet. They show true friendship by warning Hamlet against his own fruition, and even when he doesn't agree with them, they follow Hamlet to make sure he is safe.
The King doth wake tonight and takes his rouse,
Claudius is having a party that is keeping up the whole castle. This shows Claudius' obsession with the inauguration of him becoming king. Shakespeare is almost saying the trumpets can be heard from the lookout solely because it messes with Hamlet and him being jealous of not becoming king.
extinct in both 0599 Even in their promise as it is a-making, 0600 You must not take for fire.
Ophelia thinks that Hamlet is promising to be a good partner and has vowed to be one. Polonius explains to her that noblemen such as Hamlet make these vows to attract young women towards the throne to please the nobleman's sexual appetite. He says that Hamlet is no different in this way and that she should stay away from him.
Take each man’s censure, but reserve thy judgment.
Here Polonius is telling Laertes to. hear others views, but to form his own opinions. This relates back to the orange philosophy book because it taught us that everyone is subject to their own truths and opinions, however we can only form these judgements based on our prior knowledge. Polonius is telling Laertes that he has to create his own beliefs and find what he is interested in while he is in France.
Whiles, ⟨like⟩ a puffed and reckless libertine, 0525 Himself the primrose path of dalliance treads 0526 55 And recks not his own rede.
Ophelia tells Laertes that he must not be hypocritical about the way in which he speaks of Hamlet because he himself is a misogynistic person who uses women for sexual exploitation.
Fear it, Ophelia; fear it, my dear sister,
Laertes is telling Ophelia to be afraid of her and Hamlet's relationship because it is a recipe for disaster. Laertes knows that Hamlet will be king at some point and that the king's wife is decided based on political moves, not out of love. He explains that when the time comes that Hamlet has to choose a wife, he will choose the woman in which is most beneficial to the state instead of the one in which he may desire.
Perhaps he loves you now, 0489 And now no soil nor cautel doth besmirch 0490 The virtue of his will; but you must fear, 0491 20 His greatness weighed, his will is not his own, 0492 ⟨For he himself is subject to his birth.⟩
Laertes warns Ophelia that Hamlet may be experiencing too many responsibilities and that his birthright is viewed as a restraint on the life that Hamlet wishes to have. Laertes believes that Hamlet is not serious about his and Ophelia's relationship and is only doing it for political and sexual benefit.
The perfume and suppliance of a minute, 0482 No more.
Laertes is telling gis sister that the relationship she is having with Hamlet is not love, but instead lust. He says that their love is like a perfume which is only nice smelling for a minute, and not much longer. He also warns her that Hamlet is just a young boy figuring out his mans body which entitles him to new sexual arousals that he is trying to warn Ophelia about.