1,182 Matching Annotations
  1. Jul 2026
    1. An uncommon case of retinitis pigmentosa patients basedon clinical and genetic studyAyudha Bahana Bahana Ilham Perdamaian, MSc2, Dewi Kartikawati Paramita, PhD3, Riris Istighfari Jenie,PhD4, Supanji Supanji, PhD11Universitas Gadjah Mada Fakultas Kedokteran Kesehatan Masyarakat dan Keperawatan, 2Doctorate Program of Health andMedicine Science, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nurse, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Departmentof Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, 3Department of Histology andMolecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia,Integrated Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakar,4Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, IndonesiaCASE REPORTThis article was accepted: 25 August 2024Corresponding Author: Supanji SupanjiEmail: supanji@ugm.ac.id19-An uncommon00304.qxp_3-PRIMARY.qxd 29/08/2024 3:47 PM Page 98

      PMID:39215425

      Gene: ABCA4

      HGNC ID: 34

      case27-year-old male, the brother of case 1

      DiseaseAssertion: Table 1 The summary of the clinical assessment of IRD patients’ family in this research fro there down they did a whole pannel on the family

      Pedigree one can be fore form the beggginnings of case presention section?

      CasePresentingHPOs: Case 2, a 27-year-old male, the brother of case 1 had blurry vision which was not corrected with an eyeglass and inconveniences under bright light starting from 14 years ago. Case 2 also underwent a fundus examination after finding that case 1 was RP. In further examination of those patients and their family members found that case 1 was confirmed as RP and case 2

      CaseHPOFreeText:NA

      CaseNotHPOs:NA

      CaseNotHPOFreeText:NA

      Genotyping Method:NA

      PreviouslyPublished:NA

      Variant:NA

      ClinVar:

      CAID:NA

      SupplementalData:NA

      Inheritance pattern Autosomal Recessive

    1. (http://genetics.bwh.harvard.edu/pph2/). In addition, mutation taster predicted both L168F and L168S variant as disease-causing with PROVEAN predictions of L168F (-2.767) and L168S (-4.083) as deleterious (https://www.mutationtaster.org/). As such, it was not surprising that the L168S variant patient had much more severe disease onset and rapid progression compared to other SCA34-causing ELOVL4 variants. For example, a patient carrying the T233M ELOVL4 variant was reported to develop ataxia starting at 15 years of age [10]. However, at the time of examination of this patient at 60 years of age, an MRI of the brain showed only subtle flattening of the ventral pons and mild cerebellar atrophy [10]. Another patient carrying the Q180P ELOVL4 variant developed ataxia in his mid-20 s and showed cerebellar and pontine atrophy [11]. Japanese patients also carrying the W256G variant developed gait ataxia between 13–56 years of age [12]. However, disease progression was reported to be very slow, and patients did not require assistance with walking with a walker or cane until the age of 60 years or older [12]. Taken together, it looks like the nature of the mutation and its effect on normal ELOVL4 function most likely through defects in VLC-FA biosynthesis or conformational changes in protein structure are critical to disease onset and severity of the pathologies.

      SupplementalData:

    1. WDR19-associated retinopathy presenting with adult-onset Stargardt-likephenotype

      PMID:39967245

      Gene: ABCA4

      HGNC ID: 34

      Case#:39 man

      DiseaseAssertion:NA

      FamilyInfo:NA

      CasePresentingHPOs:Snellen in both eye, visual impairment with night blindnessisual acuity was 20/20Snellen in both eyes, with a minor correction for astig-matism. The anterior segment and intraocular pressurewere within normal limits. On fundus examination, dif-fuse fleck-like lesions were scattered both inside and out-side the arcades, while sharply demarcated areas ofmacular atrophy with foveal sparing, more pronouncedin the left eye, were visible.

      CaseHPOFreeText:NA

      CaseNotHPOs:NA

      CaseNotHPOFreeText:

      Genotyping Method:Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS), using theTruSight One Clinical Exome sequencing panel on anIllumina NexSeq500 platform, enriching for 4800 genesincluding ABCA4, CNGB3, ELOVL4, PROM1, and PRPH2

      PreviouslyPublished:Under refernces?

      Variant:WDR19 variants:the novel deletion at c.1777 + 1 within the donor splicingsite (class 4) and the rare c.1430 G>T variant causing theamino-acid substitution p.(Arg477Leu) (class 3) in the putative protein. Additionally, a heterozygous c.1793A>G(class 3) variant in the CDH23 gene was found, though it was deemed as not contributive to the patient’s clinical phenotype. All reported variants were confirmed throughSanger sequencing

      ClinVar:NA

      CAID:NA

      SupplementalData:NA

    1. The STGD patient from Family 12 is a compound heterozygous with p.Val931Met and a novel nonsense mutation at exon 33 (p.Glu1574X; Figure 1B). Disease onset for this patient was at age 43. Ophthalmic examination revealed moderate central retinal changes, decreased mfERG responses exclusively in the central 15 degrees, and decreased visual acuity.

      Case#: Family 12 Proband, male, 43yo at onset, Portuguese

      DiseaseAssertion: Stargardt

      FamilyInfo: no affected family members in pedigree (Fig. 1)

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0007663

      CaseHPOFreeText: "The criteria for STGD phenotype included bilateral central vision loss and pigmentary macular lesions, normal caliber of retinal vessels, absence of pigmented bone spicules, and compatibility with recessive mode of inheritance." Moderate central retinal changes, decreased mfERG responses exclusively in the central 15 degrees

      CaseNotHPOs:

      CaseNotHPOFreeText:

      PreviouslyPublished: n/a

      Variant: p.Glu1574X; p.Val931Met. Several other polymorphisms also reported. ABCR400 gene chip microarray, DHPLC

      ClinVar: 1460063

      CAID: CA341283936

      SupplementalData: n/a

    1. 4.4. Disease Course in Patients Harbouring p.(Gly1961Glu) or p.(Asn1868Ile) Allele

      It is known that patients harbouring p.(Gly1961Glu) or p.(Asn1868Ile) allele share some common clinical characteristics and present with a milder disease phenotype than patients carrying other alleles. A typical feature of patients with p.(Gly1961Glu) is BEM, which is otherwise present in around 20% of all STGD1 patients.

    1. Mutation scanning and direct DNA sequencing of all 50 exons of ABCR were completed for 150 families segregating recessive Stargardt disease (STGD1). ABCR variations were identified in 173 (57%) disease chromosomes, the majority of which represent missense amino acid substitutions. These ABCR variants were not found in 220 unaffected control individuals (440 chromosomes) but do cosegregate with the disease in these families with STGD1, and many occur in conserved functional domains. Missense amino acid substitutions located in the amino terminal one-third of the protein appear to be associated with earlier onset of the disease and may represent misfolding alleles. The two most common mutant alleles, G1961E and A1038V, each identified in 16 of 173 disease chromosomes, composed 18.5% of mutations identified. G1961E has been associated previously, at a statistically significant level in the heterozygous state, with age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Clinical evaluation of these 150 families with STGD1 revealed a high frequency of AMD in first- and second-degree relatives. These findings support the hypothesis that compound heterozygous ABCR mutations are responsible for STGD1 and that some heterozygous ABCR mutations may enhance susceptibility to AMD.

      Annotating here since the full text is a PDF.

      Case#: Family AR321 proband, US, 6yo at onset

      DiseaseAssertion: Stargardt

      FamilyInfo: proband and two other siblings are affected

      CasePresentingHPOs: The essential and defining features of STGD were (1) pedigrees with at least one living affected individual compatible with autosomal recessive inheritance; (2) an ophthalmoscopically characteristic retinal disorder in families with both parents living; (3) bilateral central visual loss with both “beaten metal” elliptical foveal dystrophy and temporal pallor of the optic discs, documented by retinal color photography, with or without yellow-pigment epithelial flecks in the macular and/or retinal “near periphery”; and (4) the characteristic fluorescein angiographic feature of a dark choroid (Blacharski 1988).

      CaseHPOFreeText:

      CaseNotHPOs:

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: (1) evidence of autosomal dominant inheritance; (2) any history of night blindness, loss of peripheral vision, or "retinitis pigmentosa"; (3) cataracta complicata or cells in the vitreous; (4) substantially abnormal electroretinographic or electrooculographic responses; (5) no fluorescein angiography performed or no dark choroid documented; (6) neurological disease (including loss of cognition or seizures); 7) drug exposures (especially to antimalarial and agents known to cause crystalline retinopathies); or (8) any "atypical" maculopathies in which a unique diagnosis of STGD could not be established.

      PreviouslyPublished: PMID: 8533764

      Variant: c.3113C>T p.A1038V; c.1715G>C p.R572P . Heteroduplex and SSCP analyses were used to screen the 50 exons of ABCA4. Linkage analysis and haplotype analysis were previously performed

      ClinVar: 99073

      CAID: CA226919

      SupplementalData: n/a

    1. JB260 Stargardt ABCA4 c.6119G>A p.Arg2040Gln rs148460146 Zernant et al (2014)50 c.2879del p.Ala960Aspfs*17 N/A

      Case#: Bryant Subject JB260, US

      DiseaseAssertion: Stargardt

      FamilyInfo:

      CasePresentingHPOs: "Stargardt disease is a childhood-onset macular degeneration and is most commonly caused by mutations in ABCA4. Characteristic yellow flecks are typically seen under the macula during a fundus exam."

      CaseHPOFreeText:

      CaseNotHPOs:

      CaseNotHPOFreeText:

      GenotypingMethod: WES; previously screened using arrayed primer extension (APEX) multigene panels for the relevant disease and no disease-causing variants had been identified; PCR and Sanger for verification

      PreviouslyPublished: n/a

      Variant: c.6119G>A p.Arg2040Gln; c.2879del p.Ala960Aspfs*17

      CAID: CA232815

      SupplementalData:

    1. See Supplementary Table S2 for a complete genotypic glossary of the cohort.

      Case#: Patients were identified from the inherited retinal disease (IRD) database at UC San Diego (UCSD).

      DiseaseAssertion: RP with macular edema

      FamilyInfo:

      CasePresentingHPOs:

      CaseHPOFreeText: Dx of RP based on "a history of progressive peripheral vision loss or nyctalopia, and ocular examination findings of RP including bone spicule pigmentation, disc pallor and attenuated vessels and genetic confirmation."

      CaseNotHPOs:

      CaseNotHPOFreeText:

      GenotypingMethod: Next-generation sequencing (NGS), exome sequencing, and/or targeted Sanger sequencing were the primary genetic testing approaches.

      PreviouslyPublished: PMID:10206579 is referenced but it seems a reference to the variant and not the proband

      Variant: c.6383A>G (p.His2128Arg); c.3G>T (p.Met1?). phase unknown

      ClinVar: 99455

      CAID: CA227399

      SupplementalData: Variant is found in table S2

  2. Mar 2026

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