Isolation – Potential recruits are encouraged to cut ties with mainstream influences, such as their families, friends and local religious communities
When it's in a list like this, appear to be a very quick process, and in some cases it might be, but for the most part, this probably take a long time to get from recruiting to isolating.
ow does ISIS acquire new recruits online and convince them to take action? J.M. Berger explains, arguing that efforts to counter terrorists’ online activity can be more effective if the mechanics are clearly understood. This post originally appeared on VOX-Pol.
This article and the chapter written by Rheingold are not similar to each other. However this article is more of an example of the consequences for not using "crap detection" as Rheingold says.
hunting among the fringes of society for those rare individuals who can be convinced to act on its behalf.
Rheingold explains that kids that engage more on the internet develop a sense of skepticism (Rheingold 84). These kids are less likely to be drawn in by ISIS and to be convinced "to act on its behalf," (Berger)
One of the virtues of social media is that it forces human interactions into a relatively strict structure
Rhiengold says that kids who spend a lot of time on the internet "are partaking of a complex social system that uses knowledge exchange for competitive bonding as well as builds learning communities around the tools of their subculture's digital age," (Rheingold 87). People who spend more time on the internet are not going to be tricked by ISIS as they grew up knowing and understanding the rules of these social engagements.
How terrorists recruit online (and how to stop it)
Through a series of annotations, I will attempt to connect this article to "Crap Detection 101" from Net Smart - How to Thrive Online by Rheingold. Through this chapter, Rheingold informs readers about the danger not controlling attention while online and failing to "crap-detect" rumors (Rheingold).
fforts to limit how ISIS broadcasts its propaganda online
An example of propaganda is a hashtag that promotes the ideology of ISIS. Rheingold explains that people can subscribe to hashtags on twitter (Rheingold 103). This allows for more people to find ISIS. They can also get connected to and follow persons involved in the organization as they can choose to only see tweets involving ISIS.
The mainstream media also has a role to play, by making sure its coverage is measured and responsible, and that it does not robotically amplify the ISIS message.
Rheingold expresses the need for professional confirmation of raw news since "anybody can send... a tweet... of breaking news" (Rheingold 94). When mainstream media produces legitimate news, it can quell the fake news and allow for the spread of accurate information. Thus the ISIS message is less likely to impact more people.
social media makes it possible to sift efficiently through more potential recruits than ever before.
In his text, Rheingold explains that when one sees a link, they make a choice to either apply control of one's attention, or allow it to be captured. It is easy to be distracted by what is happening on social media or for one's attention to be "capture." By using social media, ISIS is probably able to use such techniques to find their recruits.
Create Micro-Community – ISIS supporters flock around potential recruits to surround them with social input
Rheingold explains that individuals tend to only pay attention to "sources that reinforce their own beliefs" (Rheingold 95). Since ISIS recruits individuals within certain parameters, there is probably little to no difficulty surrounding them in increasingly more radical opinions. Once these recruits start to believe such ideology, they would want to, as Rheingold claimed, surround themselves with online sources reaffirm their beliefs.
Discovery – ISIS discovers a potential recruit, or a potential recruit discovers ISIS
In his text, Rheingold shares an anecdote in which he is talking to his daughter about web searches and he says " you can get fooled into believing all kinds of wrong things if you don' t know how to tell the difference between the good an the bad stuff" (Rheingold). This is most likely how ISIS discovers "potential recruits." They could be people who do not know the difference between good stuff and bad stuff.
ROWNIAN ANALYSISDescription→Deduction->Speculation->Research-
The article does not seem to follow this method of the of analysis as it does not use any of these ways to describe the CRT. It also mainly focuses on the history of the CRT instead of describing and analyzing it. Though certain aspects of the analysis are in the article. For example, research is very apparent through the text.
hat in objects there can be read essential evidence of unconscious as well as conscious attitudes and beliefs, some specific to those objects original makers and users as individuals, others latent in the larger cultural milieus in which those objects circulated.
This appears to be the definition of material culture. It describes that the attitudes and beliefs come from both the maker and the culture from which it came. The article about the CRT shows how the attitudes and beliefs toward it affected how long it was in use.
The method works because of the deceptively straightforward
This is probably not the only method to describe material culture, but Haltman claims it is the most efficient and effective.
It is the object, more specifically the object as described, that represents
The description of the object is the primary resource as opposed to the object itself.
ot just withwhat but with hou the object signifies. Speculation, moreover, reaches beyond unitary readings to lay stress instead on recognizing the object as asite of contested meanings
I think Haltman is saying that you must use your own ideas or opinions when describing material culture. Lepawsky seems to hold an impartial opinion toward the CRT throughout the article.
How does the object make one feel? Specifically, what in or about the object brings those feelings out?
The CRTs most likely had an emotional impact on families as it was a center piece for a family room, and families gathered around to watch broadcasts. This could be a testament to the emotional connection of material culture.
One way we respond to what we see in or experience of an object amounts to intellectual detective work. We see articulation and deduce patterns of use;
Haltman talks about how "intellectual detective work" (Haltman) can lead to a pattern of use. The CRT article talks about how the CRT was used and the different technological advances that stem from it.
Technically accurate language (nominative, for the most part) plays an important role in this, but ultimately not the most important role which is reserved, perhaps somewhat counter-intuitively, to descriptive modifiers (adjectives) and, most crucially, to terms expressive of the dynamics of interrelation (verbs, adverbs, prepositions). Only active verbs and descriptive prose cast in an active voice serve to establish cause and agency.
Haltman describes that objects should be described in an active, but the article about CRT uses a passive voice for descriptions. It uses terms like "was introduced" or "has entailed.
“We do not explain pictures: we explain remarks about pictures-or rather, we explain pictures only in so far as we have considered them under some verbal description or specification
Remarks about the picture act as the attitude towards the event; therefore, the remarks symbolize culture.
the most persistent object metaphors expressive of belief” seem embedded in polarities
The article by Josh Lepawsky about the Cathode Ray Tube (CRT) does not seem to show how the material culture (CRT) expresses or showcases a polarity.
This appears to be the definition of material culture. It describes that the attitudes and beliefs come from both the maker and the culture from which it came.
This is probably not the only method to describe material culture, but Haltman claims it is the most effective or efficient.
The article about the CRT does not seem to follow the Prownian Analysis as it does not use any of these ways to describe the CRT.
The descriptions of the object is the primary resource as opposed to the object itself?
I think Haltman is saying that you must use your own ideas to describe material culture.
The CRT had an emotional impact on families as it was a center piece for a family room and families gathered around to watch broadcasts. This could be a testament to the emotional connection.
Haltman talks about how "intellectual detective work" (Haltman) can lead to a pattern of use. The CRT article talks about how the CRT was used and the different technological advances that stem from it.
Haltman describes that objects should be described in an active voice, but the article about the CRT uses a passive voice for descriptions. For example, "CRTs were introduced..." or "CRT has entailed..." (Lepawsky).
Remarks about the picture act as the attitude towards the event. Therefore, the remarks symbolize culture.
The article about the Cathode Ray Tube (CRT) by Josh Lepawsky does not seem to show how the CRT expresses a polarity as material culture.
By the early 1980s, ergonomics experts had outlined all kinds of problems experienced by workers using VDTs
Did they know that working with these machines could be harmful? If so, this could have been societies way of saying that women were not as valuable as men, so they were stuck with the difficult and dangerous job. It is ironic in retrospect because looking back, women were portrayed as delicate and domestic, yet they were given physically and emotionally taxing jobs, which I am sure they all excelled at, with no credit for being.
Computers were introduced to the workplace in the 1950s.
The CRTs most likely were the inspiration for much of modern technology, at least indirectly. Modern digital technology is basically an evolved version of the very first computers.This also means that without the invention of the CRT, society today probably would not have been as interconnected as it is.
An extraordinary one, and an extraordinarily long one for a technology integral to an age of obsolescence.
It is fascinating that these lasted for such a long time. Technology is always advancing; inventors are always trying to create something new and cost efficient to make. The fact that it took such a long time to replace the CRTs is surprising.
Civil Rights marchers
1968 and today are not so different. People are still fighting for their rights and beliefs to be recognized by society and government.
most significant technological presentations in history, showcasing technologies that have become what we now know as modern computing
1968 did not just yield negative events; some good things came about that year.
Here in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, state police cavalry charge students attending a memorial mass for Edson Luis de Lima Souto, a student killed by police, at Candelaria Church on April 4, 1968
I did not realize that there was a lot of violence happening in other parts of the world. I have always thought of it as something only occurring within United States and areas that the U.S was occupying (i.e Vietnam).
American figure skater Peggy Fleming practices on an outside rink on February 1968 in Grenoble, in the French Alps, during the 1968 Winter Olympic Games. Fleming took the gold medal in women's figure skating
It 's funny how, even in times of aggression and violence, things like the Olympic games occur.
much of the world appeared to be in a state of crisis.
This could foreshadow that the article/pictures will explain or express that there were a lot of issues.